current status and future perspective of apiculture .... lu.pdf · current status and future...

Current Status and Future Perspective of Apiculture Industry in

Taiwan

Mei-Chun Lu

Sericulture and Apiculture Section

Miaoli District Agriculture Research and Extension

Station, Council of Agriculture, Taiwan

Feb 2, 2016

Apimondia 2016 Symposium, Exhibits and Workshop on Indigenous Bees Species

Outline

• Introduction

• Trait of beekeeping in Taiwan

• Statistic analysis of apiculture industry

• Regulation and management of bee products

• Challenges and achievements

• Conclusion

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Rape

Lichi

Logan

Wild flowers

TeaTea

Nectar Sources in Taiwan

Rape

Dimocarpus longan(APR-JUN)

Lichi chinensis(FEB-APR)

Blooming

Traits of Beekeeping in Taiwan

• Abundant nectar sources with small and spare

distribution, Dimocarpus longan, Lichi

chinensis, and Camellia sinensis were dominant

species

• Migration route during flower blooming from

South to North

• Bee products includes honey, royal jelly, bee

pollen, and propolis.

• Bee as a ecoservice role in agriculture

Honey Harvest

Royal Jelly Production

Pollen Harvest

100720 101530

8893080750

73050 7120077150

97730103870

117204110526

116416

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Be

eh

ive

s

Year

Number of BeeHives

747

702715

669

631

663

728 733

766

810790

816

600

650

700

750

800

850

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Be

ek

ee

pe

rs

Year

Number of Beekeepers

Beehives per beekeeper

27.5

63.7

22.7

10.9

1-100 hives

100-200 hives

200-300 hives

>300 hives

Year Honey

(m.t.)

Royal Jelly

(kg)

2010 8,149 333,000

2011 15,089 209,000

2012 14,203 333,000

2013 11,131 357,900

2014 12,758 416,800

Table 1. Production of honey and royal jelly in recent 5 years

(Data from Agriculture and Food Agency, COA)

Value of Bee Products

37763

2701625107

4020436941

56999

4757044477

59004

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

1991 1996 2001 2006 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

VA

LU

E (

Th

ou

san

d U

SD

)

YEAR

HONEY

ROYAL JELLY

TOTAL

Ecoservice ~Pollination

Pollination

• Pollination in open field • Pollination in greenhouse

Lichi, Logan, Pear, MelonCucumber

Cucumber, Melon, Tomato,Strawberry

Bitter melon production using Apis mellifera as pollinator

Regulation and Management of Bee Products

• Chinese National Standard (CNS)

• Logan honey competition (Festival)

• Certified honey and royal jelly (Certified Tag and QR code)

Chinese National Standard of Honey

Constituents Type

Honey Logan honey

Water(%) <20

Sucrose(%) <5 <2

Sugar(%) >60 >70

Insoluable (%) <0.1

Acid(meq H+/1,000 g) <50 <30

Diasterase

(Schade unit)

>8

HMG(mg/kg) <40 <30

Chinese National Standard of Royal Jelly

Constituent Amount

Water (%) 63~68

Ash (%) >1.5

Acid(meq H+/1,000 g) 32~53

Starch 0

Crude protein(%) 11~15.5

10-hydro-20decenoic acid, 10-HDA

(%)

>1.6

Logan Honey Competition• National Competition(MDARES)

– 1〫evaluation：CNS 1305, antibiotics and pesticides free

– 2〫evaluation：Taste, aroma and color

• Local Competition：Hsinchu, Miaoli, Taichung, Tainan, Kaohsiung

Taiwan Beekeeper’s Association(http://www.bee.org.tw/)

Traceability System of Certified Bee Product

Enter Traceability code

Taiwan Agricultural Products Production Traceability System

Challenges and Achievements

• Impact of global climate change

• Disease, pests and enemy of honeybees

• Germplasm degeneration

• Enhance the pollination technique in the green house

• Education of young beekeepers

Honey Yield & Climate

154.8mm

14.8mm

Stress-tolerance breeding is necessary!

5.6%

26

A B

C D

28

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Nectar Source

LoganLichi

Tea Tree

Tea Tree

RapeCitris

Wild flowers

VarroaControl

DroneRemove

DroneRemove

Drone combattraction

Fluvalinate Fluvalinate

Formic acid Formic acid

Oxalic acid

Oxalic acid

Varroa mite Control Schedule

A. m. caucasica A. m. carnicaA. m. capensisA. m. ligustica A. m. carpitica

Honeybee Introduction

Enriched the honeybee genepool

Breeding for high honey productivity

Egg

Artificial Queen Grafting

Drone Comb

Forager Segregation

31

A site B site

C site

Move> 2 m at AM 8:00-10:00

Hive inspection

Move > 2 m at AM 8:00-10:00

AM 8:00-10:00

32

Honeybee & Artificial Pollinator

Honeybee & Artificial Pollinator

33

Control Artificial Pollination Honeybee Pollination

Honeybee pollination in Tomato

34

Education of Young Beekeepers

• Beekeeper Academy

• New technique administration

Technical Services

Future Perspective

• Breeding for stress-tolerance strains

• Quality control for bee products

• Management techniques of bee colony

• Education of young beekeepers

• Development easy-handling pollination techniques in the greenhouse

• Strengthen the international cooperation of bee technologies

Thank You for Your Attention

Mei-Chun Lu, PhDE-mail: lumj@mdais.gov.twTEL: 886-37-222111 ext 330