curso completo a10vso
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BOMBA A10VSO 2005
INSTRUTORINSTRUTOR
Eng. Danilo Oliveira DiogoEng. Danilo Oliveira Diogo
Email: danilo.diogo@atai.com.br
RESPONSAVEL PELA DIDÁTICARESPONSAVEL PELA DIDÁTICA
Eng. Fábio FernandesEng. Fábio Fernandes
Email: fabio.fernandes@boschrexroth.com.br
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Conteúdo Programático
Material didático
1) Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos fluidos 1) Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos fluidos
2) Conceitos de circuito hidráulico 2) Conceitos de circuito hidráulico
3) Principio de funcionamento 3) Principio de funcionamento
4) Instalação e Start-up 4) Instalação e Start-up
5) Analise Técnica do Catálogo5) Analise Técnica do Catálogo
6) Manutenção6) Manutenção
7) Sistemas de Filtragem7) Sistemas de Filtragem
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosRelação Física
Força Pressão
Velocidade Vazão
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosO paradoxo hidráulico
A1=A2=A3
F1 = F2 = F3
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosLei de Pascal
O efeito de uma força sobre o liquido em repouso se propaga em todas as direções dentro deste liquido.
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosTransmissão de forças (vasos comunicantes)
Líquido em repouso Pressões são iguais P1 = P2
O volume de líquido deslocado é igual V1 = V2
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos Fluidos Principio de uma instalação hidráulica ( macaco hidráulico)
PEQUENA PEQUENA FORÇAFORÇA
GRANDE GRANDE FORÇAFORÇA
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosLei do Fluxo
VazãoVazão
Q =Vol
t
Q = vazão ( lit/min ) A = área (cm2)
Vol = volume ( litros ) s = espaço (cm)
t = tempo ( min ) V = velocidade (cm/s)
VolumeVolume
Vol = A . s
Q =A .s
t
VelocidadeVelocidade
VazãoVazão
Q = A . V
Q1 = Q2A1
A2
v2
v1=
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosPrincipio de Venturi – conservação da energia
Energia de movimentoEnergia de movimento
= constantev
2
2P
pe+g . h +
g = aceleração da gravidade
h = altura manometrica
P = pressão
v = velocidade
pe = peso especifico
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosPerda de Pressão ou perda de carga
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Fundamentos Básicos da Mecânica dos FluidosFluxo laminar x Fluxo turbulento
REGIME LAMINAR
REGIME TURBULENTO
Numero de Reynolds (Re)Numero de Reynolds (Re)
Re = v . dh
n
v = velocidade
dh = diametro hidraulico
n = viscosidade cinematicaRe < 2300 = laminarRe < 2300 = laminar
Re > 2300 = turbulentoRe > 2300 = turbulento
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Circuitos abertos e Circuitos fechados
Circuito abertoCircuito abertoCircuito fechadoCircuito fechado
Normalmente aplicado na Normalmente aplicado na industriaindustria
Normalmente aplicado na Normalmente aplicado na mobilmobil
T T
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Circuitos abertos e Circuitos fechados
Circuito abertoCircuito aberto Circuito fechadoCircuito fechado
Normalmente aplicado na Normalmente aplicado na industriaindustria
Normalmente aplicado na Normalmente aplicado na mobilmobil
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Bombas HidráulicasVisão geral
EngrenagensEngrenagens
InternoInterno ExternoExterno
PistõesPistões
RadialRadial AxialAxial
PalhetasPalhetas
SimplesSimples
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Bombas HidráulicasBomba variável de pistões axiais - de prato inclinado
BOMBABOMBA
A10VSO A10VSO
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Bombas HidráulicasBomba variável de pistões axiais - de prato inclinado
Ajuste de pressãoAjuste de pressão MAXIMAMAXIMA
Ajuste de pressãoAjuste de pressão MINIMAMINIMA
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DRDR DFR e DFR1DFR e DFR1 DFLRDFLR
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Bombas HidráulicasCOMPENSADORES
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Bombas HidráulicasBomba variável de pistões axiais - de prato inclinado
Compensador de pressão (DR)Compensador de pressão (DR) Compensador de pressão e vazão (DFR)Compensador de pressão e vazão (DFR)
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Bombas HidráulicasCOMPENSADORES
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Bombas HidráulicasCOMPENSADORES
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Bombas HidráulicasBomba variável de pistões axiais - de prato inclinado
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Bombas HidráulicasBomba variável de pistões axiais - de prato inclinado
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Bombas HidráulicasCavitação - INSTALAÇÃO RECOMENDADA
Bolas de AR
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Bombas HidráulicasINSTALAÇÃO RECOMENDADA
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Bombas HidráulicasBomba variável de pistões axiais - de prato inclinado
Montagem Montagem
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Bombas HidráulicasDESGASTE
DESGASTE POR ESFORÇO AXIAL
( Cavitação )
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Bombas HidráulicasDESGASTE
DESGASTE POR CONTAMINAÇÂO
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Bombas HidráulicasDESGASTE
PRESENÇA DE LIMALHA
METALICA
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Bombas HidráulicasSPARE PARTS KITS
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Bombas HidráulicasRECOMENDAÇÕES
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Parte 14 : apresentação Filtragem
Por que devemos controlar o nível de Por que devemos controlar o nível de contaminação em fluidos hidráulicos ?contaminação em fluidos hidráulicos ?
Porque de Porque de 70 a 80%70 a 80% das avarias que das avarias que ocorrem nos equipamentos hidráulicos ocorrem nos equipamentos hidráulicos são provocadas por contaminantes no são provocadas por contaminantes no fluidofluido
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Parte 14 : apresentação Filtragem
Quais os prejuizos causados pela contaminação ?Quais os prejuizos causados pela contaminação ?
1.1. Perdas de produçãoPerdas de produção
2.2. Parada de máquinaParada de máquina
3.3. Custo de reposição de equipamentoCusto de reposição de equipamento
4.4. Custo com compras urgentesCusto com compras urgentes
5.5. Desgaste prematuro dos equipamentosDesgaste prematuro dos equipamentos
6.6. Custo com troca de fluidoCusto com troca de fluido
Vidas humanas
Vidas humanas
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Parte 14 : apresentação Filtragem
Quais os tipos de contaminantes ?Quais os tipos de contaminantes ?
Párticulas sólidasPárticulas sólidas
LíquidosLíquidosGasosoGasoso
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Parte 14 : apresentação Filtragem – Efeito dos contaminantes
Tipos de contaminação
Gasosa Líquida Sólida
Efeito
ÁguaArÓxido de ferroPartículas de ferrugem
FerroAçoLatão Bronze Alumínio
Tecidos durosFibrasDesgastes de vedaçõesPartículas de borracha
Partículas de pinturaProdutos de oxidação
vindas de mangueiras
do fluido hidráulico
extremamentedanoso
muitodanoso
poucodanoso
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Parte 14 : apresentação Filtragem – comparação de tamanhos de partículas
Filme lubrific.de armazenagem
Partículasfinas/grossas
15
15
75
Diâ
me
tro
em
µm Cabelo humano
30
Quais os tamanhos das partículas ?Quais os tamanhos das partículas ?
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Parte 14 : página 248Filtragem – Fontes de contaminação
1.1. HASTE DE CILINDROSHASTE DE CILINDROS
2.2. MONTAGEMMONTAGEM
3.3. CONTAMINAÇÃO INICIALCONTAMINAÇÃO INICIAL
4.4. CONTAMINAÇÃO INTERNACONTAMINAÇÃO INTERNA
5.5. DESGASTEDESGASTE
6.6. ÓLEOS NOVOSÓLEOS NOVOS
7.7. REPAROSREPAROS
Quais as fontes de contaminação ?Quais as fontes de contaminação ?
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Parte 14 : página 250Filtragem – Folgas dos componentes
Quais são as folgas ?Quais são as folgas ?
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Danos nas folgas internas
Quais são os danos ?Quais são os danos ?
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Reação em cadeia
Uma reação em cadeiaUma reação em cadeia
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Danos nas folgas internas
– Partícula estranha na pista do rolamento de esferas
– Contaminação como dano conseqüente– Cavaco de usinagem encravado
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Classificação
Como classificar os contaminantes ?Como classificar os contaminantes ?
NAS 1638NAS 1638
ISO 4406ISO 4406
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Norma NAS 1638
Quantidade máxima de contaminantes a cada Quantidade máxima de contaminantes a cada 100 ml100 ml de fluido de fluido
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Norma ISO 4406 - (1999)
Quantidade máxima de contaminantes a cada Quantidade máxima de contaminantes a cada
1 ml1 ml de fluido de fluido
ISO-Code Partikelanzahl / 100ml(nach ISO 4406) von bis
0 0,5 1
1 1 2
2 2 4
3 4 8
4 8 16
5 16 32
6 32 64
7 64 130
8 130 250
9 250 500
10 500 1000
11 1000 2000
12 2000 4000
13 4000 8000
14 8000 16000
15 16000 32000
16 32000 64000
17 64000 130000
18 130000 260000
19 260000 500000
20 500000 1000000
21 1000000 2000000
22 2000000 4000000
23 4000000 8000000
24 8000000 16000000
25 16000000 32000000
26 32000000 64000000
27 64000000 130000000
28 130000000 250000000
15 / 13 / 1015 / 13 / 10>4>4µµm >6m >6µµm >14m >14µµmm15 / 13 / 1015 / 13 / 10>4>4µµm >6m >6µµm >14m >14µµmm
Quant. de partículas / 1 mlde até(conf.
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Óleo NAS 7 ou ISO 18/16/13
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – FOTOS DE CONTAMINANTES
Óleo novo, fornecido em minicontainers
• NAS 7 ISO 18/16 /13
Óleo novo, fornecido em caminhão tanque
• NAS 9 ISO 20/18/15
Óleo novo, fornecido em tambores
• NAS 12 ISO 23/21/18
• NAS 5 ISO 16/14/11• Necessária para modernos sistemas hidráulicos
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – Classificação
Qual o nível adequado ?Qual o nível adequado ?
Classe de purezaClasse de pureza Grau de filtr. Grau de filtr. ComponentesComponenteshidrhidrááulicosulicos
atatéé absolutoabsoluto
NAS NAS 16381638
ISO DISISO DIS44064406
recomendadorecomendado
[[µµm]m]
Bombas de engrenagemBombas de engrenagem 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010CilindrosCilindros 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010VVáálvulas direcionaislvulas direcionais 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010VVáálvulas lim. de pressãolvulas lim. de pressão 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010VVáálvulas estranguladoraslvulas estranguladoras 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010Bombas de pistõesBombas de pistões 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010Bombas de palhetasBombas de palhetas 99 21/18/1521/18/15 1010VVáálvulas de pressãolvulas de pressão 66--88 19/16/1319/16/13 55VVáálvulas proporcionaislvulas proporcionais 66--88 19/16/1319/16/13 55ServovServováálvulaslvulas 44 16/13/1016/13/10 33ServocilindrosServocilindros 44 16/13/1016/13/10 33
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – CONTAMINAÇÃO POR ÁGUA
Água livreÁgua livre
Água emulsionadaÁgua emulsionada
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – CONTAMINAÇÃO POR ÁGUA
3% de H2O3% de H2O 0,03% de H2O0,03% de H2O
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Parte 14 : pagina 255Filtragem – FILTROS
SUPERFICIESUPERFICIE PROFUNDIDADEPROFUNDIDADE
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Parte 14 : pagina 256Filtragem – FILTRO de SUPERFICIE
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Parte 14 : pagina 256Filtragem – FILTRO de PROFUNDIDADE
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Parte 14 : pagina 256Filtragem – FILTRO de PROFUNDIDADE
Tubo de apoioTubo de apoio
Malha de apoioMalha de apoio
Fibra de apoioFibra de apoio
Fibra filtrante Fibra filtrante principalprincipal
Fibra de prFibra de préé--filtrafiltraççãoão
Fibra protetoraFibra protetora
Malha protetoraMalha protetora
Camisa de metal estiradoCamisa de metal estirado
Tampa de fechamentoTampa de fechamento
Tampa de fechamentoTampa de fechamento
Esteira filtranteEsteira filtrante(Mesh Pack)(Mesh Pack)
Tubo de apoioTubo de apoio
Malha de apoioMalha de apoio
Fibra de apoioFibra de apoio
Fibra filtrante Fibra filtrante principalprincipal
Fibra de prFibra de préé--filtrafiltraççãoão
Fibra protetoraFibra protetora
Malha protetoraMalha protetora
Camisa de metal estiradoCamisa de metal estirado
Tampa de fechamentoTampa de fechamento
Tampa de fechamentoTampa de fechamento
Esteira filtranteEsteira filtrante(Mesh Pack)(Mesh Pack)
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Parte 14 : pagina 260Filtragem – Razão Beta
nfluxo entrada x µm
nfluxo de saída x µmßX=
nfluxo entrada x µm
nfluxo de saída x µmßX=
Nfluxo entrada Nfluxo saída
elementofiltranteem teste
nfluxo entrada x µm
nfluxo de saída x µmßX=
nfluxo entrada x µm
nfluxo de saída x µmßX=
Nfluxo entrada = 500 Nfluxo saída = 20
elementofiltranteem teste
ßX = 25
nfluxo entrada x µm
nfluxo de saída x µmßX=
nfluxo entrada x µm
nfluxo de saída x µmßX=
Nfluxo entrada = 200 Nfluxo saída = 1
elementofiltranteem teste
ßX = 200
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – LOCALIZAÇÃO DOS FILTROS
MM
M
COMANDO
M
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – FILTRO DE SUCÇÃO
MM
M
COMANDO
M
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – FILTRO DE PRESSÃO
MM
M
COMANDO
M
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – FILTRO DE RETORNO
MM
M
COMANDO
M
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – FILTRO DE AR
MM
M
COMANDO
M
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Parte 14 : apresentaçãoFiltragem – INDICADORES DE CONTAMINAÇÃO
VISUALVISUAL
ELÉTRICOELÉTRICO
ELÉTRICO COM LEDELÉTRICO COM LED
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FIM
OBRIGADO !!!!OBRIGADO !!!!
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