dart: a meta-level object-oriented framework for task-specific behavior modeling by domain experts...
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Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 1 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Dart: Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Framework for Task-Specific
Behavior Modeling by Behavior Modeling by Domain ExpertsDomain Experts
Reza Razavi
University of LuxembourgLUXEMBOURG
razavi@acm.org
Jean-François Perrot
Université Pierre et Marie Curie – CNRS – LIP6, Paris –
Francejean-francois.perrot@lip6.fr
Ralph Johnson
University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign,
Illinois – USAjohnson@cs.uiuc.edu
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 2 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Background Photo: http://pinker.wjh.harvard.edu
Connecting together a large number of small computers with sensing and actuating capabilities, to collectively and cost-effectively solve problems, based on real-time
data.
A Wireless Sensor Network
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 3 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Background Photo: http://pinker.wjh.harvard.edu
Query: detect an animal
Query: chart traffic
patterns
Query: photograph
speeding vehicles
Dynamic Macroprogramming of WSNs by End-users (experts)
Requires specifying coordination between tasks
Requires specifying a behavior repeated over
time
Requires specifying correlation of time series of basic sensing data into high-level semantic
data
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 4 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Requirements summary
• End-users• Expressing
• Relatively easily
• Complex behavior
• DSML Programmer: face diversity of application domains
• Business-specific • Ontologies
• Modeling constructs
• Model execution strategies
• DSML Programmers• Developing DSMLs for different application domains by
• Reuse
• Extension
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 5 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Task-Specific Behavior Modeling [B.A. Nardi]
Entities and relationships
collection
Mobile Object
Animal
Pulse
Pulse Pair
Classify Animal Estimate Motion
Detect Beam EventSort EdgesAverage Pulse Pairs
Primitive tasks
Behavior
specification
Animal
Classify Animal
2
1
T2: Identify Animal
Mobile Object
Estimate Motion
3
Pulse Pair 3
Average Pulse Pairs
4
Pulse 1
Detect Beam Event
9
Pulse 2
Detect Beam Event
8
Pulse 3
Detect Beam Event
7
Pulse Pair 1
Sort Edges
6
Pulse Pair 2
Sort Edges
5
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 6 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
The Problem
• Method for stepwise development of • Task-specific languages for behavior modeling
• Satisfying both •End-users, and
•Programmers requirements
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 7 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Dart core concepts
-argument
-holds
-instantiates
-method
Process Conscious Product
Task Part Holder
1 1..*
Construct
1..1
0..1
Contract
Ontology Concept
0..1 0..*
1..1
-spec1..1
1
-dependents0..*
0..1
0..1
Execution Strategy
-policy
1..1 0..*
Behavior
1*
0..*
-contributes 0..*
Design decisions explained and motivated in the paper.
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 8 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
1
Liz’s query
2
Main
3
T1: Compute Histogram Entry
4
T2: Identify Vehicle
Histogram
5
Plot Histogram
Histogram Entry Collection
6
For a Period of <2 weeks> Do <T1>
Mobile Object
Estimate Motion
8
Pulse Pair 3
Average Pulse Pairs
9
Pulse 1
Detect Beam Event
12
Pulse 2
Detect Beam Event
13
Pulse 3
Detect Beam Event
14
Pulse Pair 2
Sort Edges
Pulse Pair 1
Sort Edges
10 11
Vehicle
Classify Vehicle
7
Vehicle
Do <T2>
16
Histogram Entry
Create Histogram Entry
15
Illustration of behavior representation by Dart
Behavior
Task
Step (Part Holder)
Construct
Concept
contributes
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 9 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Implementation
• Research prototypes• Provides extension hooks
• VisualWorks Smalltalk • Dyctalk
• MiDyctalk
• MetaclassTalk• MxDyctalk
• Squeak and Seaside
• Planned to be released as Open Source software
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 10 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Reuse example: Developing query engines for WSNs
Uses: Seaside framework
(http://www.seaside.st/)
and Squeak (http://www.squeak.org
/)
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 11 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Conclusion
StepStep
AdaptAdapt
FetchLoadCode
Adaptation cycle
Operational level
Knowledge level
IntrospectionIntercession
Dynamically-composed behavior
-argument
-holds
-instantiates
-method
Process Conscious Product
Task Part Holder
1 1..*
Construct
1..1
0..1
Contract
Ontology Concept
0..1 0..*
1..1
-spec1..1
1
-dependents0..*
0..1
0..1
Execution Strategy
-policy
1..1 0..*
Behavior
1*
0..*
-contributes 0..*
Dart supports stepwise development of Adaptive Object-Models
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 12 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Current work
• Reusing Dart to support End-user Macro-programming WSNs
• Dart serves:• Edition (GUI)
• Representation
• Verification
• Optimization
• Security
• Transformation
• Distributed, fine-grained, selective deployment
• Concurrent execution
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 13 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Thank you for your attention!
Questions?Observations?
Reza Razavirazavi@acm.org
Autonomous Systems Group University of Luxembourg
Please visit the Poster Session
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 14 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Outline of the talk
• Context
• Requirements
• Problem
• Solution
• Conclusion and perspectives
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 15 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Structure of queries
• Finite directed acyclic graph
• Recursive • Steps may hierarchically point to tasks
• Reflective • Same set of concepts reused to extend the system
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 16 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Semantics of queries
• Parallel evaluation of contributions
• Limited to their dependencies
• Different execution semantics
• Late • value binding
• method binding
• Comparable to spreadsheets
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 17 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Role of the knowledge level
• Comprises:• Conceptual ontology• Behavioral ontology • Framework for specifying queries as a composition of
services through mediation of concepts
• Assumptions: • Completeness of the service ontology• Acknowledgeability of the users in the domain covered by
the ontologies• Low-level data, such as the sensor id, may be provided by
users (in the process of being relaxed)
• Keeps track of static and dynamic metadata.
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 18 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Role of the operational level
• The operational level comprises a set of mobile agents
• The agents:• Are defined dynamically
• Execute concurrently•within the WSN, and
•on a single node
• Based on a formal model of computation• In order to be verifiableActors
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 19 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Background Photo: http://pinker.wjh.harvard.edu
Query: detect an animal
EU requirements: example 1
Requires specifying correlation of time series of basic sensing data
into high-level semantic data
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 20 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Background Photo: http://pinker.wjh.harvard.edu
Query: detect an animal
EU requirements: example 1
Requires specifying correlation of time series of basic sensing data
into high-level semantic data
Animal
Classify Animal
2
1
T2: Identify Animal
Mobile Object
Estimate Motion
3
Pulse Pair 3
Average Pulse Pairs
4
Pulse 1
Detect Beam Event
9
Pulse 2
Detect Beam Event
8
Pulse 3
Detect Beam Event
7
Pulse Pair 1
Sort Edges
6
Pulse Pair 2
Sort Edges
5
Raw sensor data
Semantic Stream [Zhao
et al.]
Dart: A Meta-Level Object-Oriented Framework for Task-Specific Behavior Modeling by Domain Experts
R. Razavi et al. - 21 -.OOPSLA Workshop DSML‘06
Background Photo: http://pinker.wjh.harvard.edu
Query: chart traffic
patterns
Query: photograph
speeding vehicles
EU requirements: other examples
Requires specifying coordination between tasks
Requires specifying a behavior repeated over
time
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