data processing and analysis first step data check 1. omission- missed information. 2....

Data Processing and analysis

• First Step

• data check

1. Omission- missed information.

2. Inconsistencies- non conformity of same information obtained by different sources or in different ways.

3. Improbabilities- illogical data.

• 2nd step

Prepare a Master Table

Master sheet

Variable view

• 3rd Step

tabulate data and prepare uni-variate, bi-variate and multivariate table or graph.

variable Birth weight

<2500

no.(%)

2500

no.(%)

Total(%)

Occupation

House wife 87(18.7)  228

(49)

315(87.7)

Service 21(4.5) 128(27.5) 149(32)

Business 0(.0) 1(0.2) 1(0.2)

General principle for Table

• 1. the table should be numbered e.g Table-1• 2. Title• 3. heading for colums and raws.• 4. Percentages, placed as close as possible.• 5. size• 6. footnotes• 7. vertical arrangements.

• For large data- 5-20 groups.

• class interval should be equal.

• Classes should be mutually exclusive and not overlapping.

• open ended class- avoided

Criteria for Bar Chart• 1. The space separating the bars should

not exceed the width of the bar and should not less than half of the width.

• 2. Should neither be exceedingly long and narrow or short and broad.

• 3. Vertical bar chart is an effective way for presenting a time series and qualitatively classified data.

• 4. Horizontal bars are useful for graphical or spatial distribution.

• 5. The data when do not relate to time, should be arranged in ascending or descending order before charting.