david baddiel habonin the jewish youth group that made sacha baron cohen

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Onitswebsite,Habonimdescribesitselfas"aSocialistZionistCulturallyJewishyouthmovement".GiventhateventheLabourPartyremainswaryofmentioningtheSword,whilethetermZionismcarriesnegativeconnotations,itisquiteaboldmissionstatement.Certainly,theformermemberandcomedianDavidBaddieladmits"whenIfirstjoined,IthoughtHabonimwasveryseriousandstrange".

Butattheageof10,growingupinnorthwestLondoninthe1970s,Baddielrecalls,suchconcernsquicklypalednexttohisanxietytokeepupwithwhathisolderbrother,Ivor,wasdoing.

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MikeLeighwasamemberandsowereDavidBaddielandSachaBaronCohen.Howdidaclubfor'hippyJewishscouts'becomeahothousefortheentertainmentindustry?

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BaddielattendedweeklymeetingsatHabonim(Hebrewfor"thebuilders")andquicklydiscoveredthat,farfrombeingstrange,theenvironmentforyoungsterswasrelaxedandfun,withsinging,dancingandgirls."Forthelowermiddleclass,arty,bohoendoftheJewishreligion,itsappealwasasakindofhippyJewishscouts."

Withitsregularoutingsandsummercamps,blueuniform(aninformalshirtwithalaceupneckline)andits"miskad",orquasimilitaryparade,therearecertainlyparallelsbetweenHabonimandBadenPowell'syouthgroups.YetneithertheBoyScoutmovement,northeGirlGuidesforthatmatter,shareHabonim'sextraordinarytrackrecordasahothousewhichproducedsignificantfiguresintheartsandentertainmentindustry.

Baddiel'scontemporariesin"Habo"includedHowieB(HowardBernstein),themusicproducernotedforhisworkwithBjrkandU2DavidGavurinofthealternativerockgroupTheSundaystheawardwinningfilmmaker,JesBenstockandBaddiel'sbigbrotherIvor,ascriptwriterwhoworkswithDermotO'LearyandRuthJones.

Butthe1970swerenoisolatedgoldenageinthemovement'seightdecadehistory.Haboniminthe1980snurturedtheprecociouscomedytalentsofSachaBaronCohen("IleftwhenIwas15,butSachawasabigcheeseinHabonimandstayedmuchlonger,"Baddielremembers),DanPattersonandMarkLeveson,cocreatorsofMocktheWeek,andtheBaftawinningproducerofPeepShow,RobertPopper.HabonimeventuallyspreadfromitsUKbaseto21countries,anditsCanadianoutpostcountedamongitsmembersSethRogen,starofKnockedUp,andafuturecollaboratorwithBaronCohen.Backinthe1940s,HabonimmembersincludedtheplaywrightSirArnoldWesker,andinthe1950s,thefivetimesOscarnominatedfilmdirector,MikeLeigh.

ThisremarkablerollofhonouriscelebratedinEntertainingtheNation!,anewexhibitionatLondon'srecentlyrefurbishedJewishMuseum,whichexaminesthehighlevelsofparticipationbytheJewishcommunityinBritain'sculturallife,fromHaroldPinterandSidJamesthroughtoMarcBolanandAmyWinehouse.AmongtheexhibitsondisplayisapictureoftheyoungBaronCohen,longbeforeAliG,BoratandBrunomadehimahouseholdname,performinginashowwithhisfellowHabonimniks.

Allyouthgroupsaimtohelpteenagersnavigatethechoppywatersbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,andsometrytoencouragethemtodiscover,intheprocess,asenseofthemselvesandtheirpotential.Buttherewas,itseems,somethingextrathatdistinguishesHabonimor,asithasbeenknownsince1980whenitmergedwithanothergroup,HabonimDrorthathasledtoitbeinglabelleda"comedytalentfactory".

"That'snothowIrememberit,"reflectsDavidBaddiel."BecauseIwasyoungerthanthegroupIwasmixingwiththeretheyweremyolderbrother'sfriendsitrepresentedformemoreachancetolearnaboutfashionandpunkandpolitics,andabouthowtobeayoungadult.Butitdidhavethistraditionofputtingonimpromptushows,andsoitwasatHabonimthatIdidmyfirsteverperformance.Intheshows,therewouldbedancingsixgirls,allofwhomIfancied,plusoneratherambiguousbloke,performing,bizarrelyinretrospect,toEltonJohn's"FuneralforaFriend".Andthentherewouldbewhatwecalled'ziggim'.Itis

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theHebrewwordforsketches.WeusedalotofHebrewwordsinHabonim."

Ofthatfirstappearanceonstage,BaddielcanonlyrememberthathewasjoinedbyJesBenstockandthattogethertheywere"sobadI'mstillembarrassed".Hisbrother,Ivor,though,retainsaclearermemoryofhimself"tryingtodoaTommyCooper,beingarubbishmagician,andfailingcompletely".

IvorBaddielcanalsotraceadefinitelinkbetweenwhathedoesnowwritingcomedyaspartofalargerteamandwhathelearntat"Habo"whenpreparing"ziggim"."Itwassomewherethatgaveusthespaceandencouragementtobecreative.Youhavetobecarefulofoverstatingitbecauseformanyofthepeoplewhowentontomakeittheircareerafterwards,performingwasalreadythereintheirfamilybackground.Butbeinggiventhefreedomtoimprovisetogetherasateamwasimportantforme.Ifyouaregoingtochuckoutcomedyideastoagroupofcollaborators,youhavetodeveloptheconfidencethatyouareinasafeplacewheretheotherswon'trubbishyou.Otherwiseyouwillclamup.AndIlearntthatatHabonim.ItwassomewhereIcouldbemyselfandbefunny."

Thatcollaborative,almostanarchicethossowedtheseedsofsomethingthatspreadbeyondcomedywriting.MikeLeigh,whoseownparentshadmetatHabonim,joinedinManchesterinthelate1950s.ThoughhebelievesthatthetrademarkmelancholycomedyoffilmssuchasSecrets&LiesandAnotherYearoweslittletoHabonim,hefreelyacknowledgesthatheowesitagreatdebtwhenitcomestohisdistinctivemethodofworkingwithactors."Asawriter,Idon'tachievemuchsittingonmyowninaroomatadesk.Ipreferworkingcommunally,asagroup,withactors,andthat,I'msure,comesfromHabonim."

OfHabonim'sthreefoundingprinciplesofsocialism,ZionismandJudaism,theeveryoneisequalapproacharguablycanbemostreadilylinkedwiththesocialism.Butanotherofthe"comedytalentfactory"stereotypesaboutHabonimisthatitallowsitsrecruitstodevelopaparticularlyJewishsenseofhumour.SodoestheJudaismalsoplayakeyrole?

JemStein,LondonFieldDirectorofHabonim,thinksso."AsasmallcommunityinBritain,Jewshavealwayshadtobecreativeabouthowweexpressourmessagesandhowwepassonourtradition,bykeepingitfreshandentertaining.Andthatincludedhavingasenseofhumouraboutourselves,satirisingoursituationasaminoritycommunityandparodyingourowncommunity."

DavidBaddieliswaryoflabouringtheconnectionbetweenHabonim'sJudaismanditssuccessinproducingcomedians."Itisahugegeneralisation,buttheremayindeedbesomethingaboutbeingJewishthatmeansyouare5percentoutsidetheculturalmainstreamhere,andthatthatcanmeanyouarequiteexpressive.Wearenotcompletelylikeeveryoneelse.ButIdon'tbelievethereisatraditionofJewishcomedyinBritainasthereisinAmericawithshowslikeSeinfeld.Ifitisdeveloping,ithasonlyhappenedveryrecently.Iwasoneofthefirstcomedians,forexample,tostanduponstageandtalkaboutwhatitreallymeanstobeJewish."

WhatwouldhesaywasHabonim'spartinshapinghimasacomedian?Baddielpausestoconsider."MostofthetimeformeitwasaplacetobewithotherJews,playingtheguitar,performingsketchesandtryingtogetoffwithgirls.Inthatsense

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itwasinevitablyabreedinggroundforhumour,givenhowunsuccessfulIwasatallthree."

ThesocialisminitsmissionstatementmayalsoinfluenceHabonim'sreputationforturningoutcomediansandcomedywriters.Politics,afterall,oftenlendsitselftosatire,whilepoliticianswithaquickwitappealtovoters.ButpoliticsatHaboniminMikeLeigh'sdaywasanythingbutalaughingmatter."Whilemycontemporarieswerediscoveringcoffeebars,atHabonimwewerediscussingradicalpolitics.Wejoinedthecampaignagainstcapitalpunishment,forexample,andwentontheantinuclearmarchestoAldermaston."That,hesays,wasthehealthysideofthepoliticaldimension,"buttherewerealsoalotofspeakersfromIsraelfeedinguspoliticalpropaganda".

WhichiswhereZionismthethird,andintoday'sclimatepotentiallymostcontroversialpillarofHabonimcomesin.ForArnoldWesker,whoseplaysRootsandChickenSoupwithBarleydrawonhisownJewishbackground,thereferencetoZionisminHabonim'smissionstatementhasasimpleandunchangingmeaning:"AZionist,verysimply,issomeonewhobelievestheJewsshouldhavealandoftheirown".

Itistherestoftheworld,ratherthanHabonim,thathastriedtochangeandmisinterpretthemeaningofZionism,heprotests,sothatthewordcannowmistakenlyencapsulateaperceivedhostilitytoPalestiniancommunitiesinIsrael.Toemphasisehispoint,hequotesfromtheHabonimhandbookhewasgivenwhenhejoinedattheageof13in1945."TheMovementinstilsinitsmembersthespiritoffriendlinesstowardsallracesandcreedsandkindlinesstowardsalllivingcreatures."

WeskerillustrateshispointbydescribingsomehostilequestioningheoncefacedataninternationalfestivaloverhislinkswithHabonim."Iwasasked:'Isittrue,MrWesker,thatyouwereamemberofaZionistorganisationandifsocanyouexplainwhy?'Ialmostcouldn'tcomprehendthequestion.'Yes,IwasamemberofaZionistyouthorganisationcalledHabonim,whichIjoinedbecauseIenjoyedsingingIsraelisongsanddancingIsraelidancesandthegirlswereprettyandeagertosharekisses.'Thereply,thoughaimingtodismissthemanwho'dimaginedhe'dunearthedaghastlypast,wasnotwithoutsometruth."

Fromitsinception,HabonimwasquiteopenlyworkingtodrawyoungJewsfromtheDiasporatowhatwasthenthePalestinianMandatewheretheycouldmakenewlivesonutopian,leftwingkibbutzim,egalitariancommunitiesworkingtotransformthedesertintocitrusgroves.Thespiritofthekibbutzimcreative,anarchic,makingtheirownentertainmentwasattheveryheartoftheapproachtakentoalltheiractivitiesbyHabonimgroupsintheUK.SocialismandZionismatthisstagewenthandinhand,andmoneyraisedbyHaboniminthiscountryfundedsevenkibbutziminIsrael.

ArnoldWeskerrecallsfromhisownHabonimdaystalksby"peoplefromIsraelwhocametoguideandinformus,notencourageorentice,aboutwhatwasonofferthere,andthenleftustomakeachoice.Myfirstgirlfrienddidgoandsettlethere,asdidmanyothers".

Overthedecades,though,thatemphasisonsettlinginIsraelappearstohavebeendiluted.ByMikeLeigh'sday,energiesweredirectedmoretorecruitinghabonimnikstospendagapyearonkibbutzim,usingvisitingspeakerswhoheremembersas

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spoutingpropaganda.Bythe1980s,acontemporarydescribesSachaBaronCohencomingtoaHabonimmeetingindisguiseasanIsraeliofficialandgivingahumourless,hardlinetalkonkibbutzim.Ittookthem20minutestorumblehim.

Satiremayinthatmomenthavereplacedcommitment,butthewishtomakeapracticallinkbetweenyoungBritishJewsandIsraelremainsacentralpartofHabonimtothisday,JemSteinreports.BuildingontheirinvolvementwithlocalcommunityprojectsinBritain,around100teenagedHabonimmemberseachyeargotoIsrael,thoughincreasinglyaspartofwhathedescribesas"thenewkibbutzmovement,smallcommunitieslivingtogetherincitiesworkingforsocialjustice".

SteinrejectsanysuggestionthatHabonim'songoingcommitmenttoZionismhascompromisedtheorganisationintoday'sclimate."OurworkisaboutsupportingIsrael,butwhatsupportingIsraelactuallymeansisacomplexquestionformanyJewswhowrestlewiththeconceptoftheJewishstate."

YetthereisnowundeniablyadegreeoftensionbetweentwooftheoriginalthreebuildingblocksofHabonim.Zionism,asitisusuallyportrayedtoday,andleftwingpolitics,canmakeforunhappybedfellows.PerhapsthataccountsforwhyHabonimisnowasmallerorganisation.In2007,itmovedoutofitslargeheadquartersbuildingonLondon'sFinchleyRoadandmembershipnationwidestandsatabout600withgroupsinManchester,GlasgowandLeedsaswellasLondon.

WhilecommunityworkisundertakenoutsidetheJewishcommunity,italsoremainstruetoitscommitmenttobeaJewishorganisation.YetthathasnevermeantanarrowreligiousdefinitionofwhoisJewish.IvorBaddielrecallsthatinhisday"afewmemberswouldwearskullcapsandadherencetokosherlawswasnominal".Atcurrentcamps,JemSteinreports,thereissometimesareligiouselement,butonlywhenitfitsinwithwhatelseishappeningthere.

TheessentiallynonreligiousnatureofHabonimis,potentially,thefinalfactorthatexplainsitssuccess,overandaboveotherJewishyouthorganisations,innurturingcreativefolkwiththeemphasislatterlyoncomedians.Thedevoutdonot,afterall,havemuchofatrackrecordinlaughingatthemselves,ormakingotherpeoplelaugh.Habonim,IvorBaddielsuggests,standsoutinitsfieldbecause"alltheothersarestraighterorstricter".Andinpracticalterms,hesays,pastmembershipcancertainlyhelpwhenyouarestrugglingtomakeyourmark.

"Earlyoninmycareer,likemanyotherhopefulwriters,IusedtoturnupattheopencommissioningmeetingsfortheRadio4comedyshow,WeekEnding,tryingtogetoneofmyjokesincludedinthescript.DanPattersonwasproducingatthetime,andIrememberattheendofthemeeting,whenhewantedeveryonetogo,hesaid'betorim'.Itwasthewordfor'dismissed'weusedattheendoftheparadeatHabonim.IthinkIwastheonlyoneintheroomwhoknewthat,andwasabletomakethatconnection!"

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