design thinking and innovation course - day 2 - teams and innovation
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TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Day 2TEAMS & INNOVATION
TEK495
Ingo Rauth, Lisa Carlgren, Pamela NowellSeptember 7, 2015
A big thank you to previous course contributors: Maria Elmquist (2014), Karl Magnus Möller (2014).
TEK495 - Design & Innovation 2
Slide/Exercise Time Material Facilitator
PrepareRe-Arrange room to work group island mode
Print: wallet exercise sheetsBring: Prototyping material, adapter, backup sound, laptop, notebooks for students
All
Warm-up 10 min none all
Group reflection diary conversation
10 min none all
Team Intro 20 min Syllabus Printouts Ingo
Coffee break 15 min none
What makes great teams 55 min marker, whiteboard Lisa leadIngo sidekick
Coffee break 15 min
Managing Conflicts in teams 50 min Prototyping material, print outs Pamela
Coffee Break 15 min
Project 2 & Team pitch 30 min Ingo
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
WARM-UPImage Source: Wikimedia
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Agenda
8:00-8.45 Introduction & reflectionBREAK
9:00-9.55 What makes great teams &team formation for project IIBREAK + get to know your team
10:10-11:00 Dealing with conflict BREAK
11:15-11:45 Your team’s pitch for project II
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Aim of today
▪ Know what a good team is▪ Get to know the roles you play in teams.▪ Be able to form a good team▪ Know the basics of how to deal with conflict in teams.
INTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Speed-Dating
- Best experience of teamwork- Worst experience of teamwork- 2x1 minutes per conversation
INTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
“A small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals and
approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable”
What is a team?
Katzenback & Smith (1993)
Image source: Deviantart.com team supreme
INTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Commitment & Common Purpose #1 INTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
Source:Dilbert.com (Scott Adams Inc, 2003)
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
P
Commitment & Common PurposeINTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
FunctionalGroups
Lightweight Project Team
Heavy weight Project Team
Autonomous Project Team
P
P
enhancementsmall changes
derivativebased on
existing but new market/product
platformbase for a new
direction
breakthroughentirely new
Adapted from Tidd & Bessant (2013) Fig. 10.1 & 10.2
independent interdependent
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
▪ clearly defined tasks and objectives
▪ effective team leadership
▪ good balance of team roles and match to individual behavior style
▪ effective conflict resolution mechanisms within the group
▪ continuing liaison with external stakeholdersSource: Tidd et al. (2001)
Prerequisites for successful teamsINTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
Image source: Wikimedia
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
References on teams and innovation
Tidd & Bessant (2013) Managing InnovationStamm (2008) Managing Innovation, Design and CreativityKatzenback & Smith (1993) The discipline of teams
INTRODUCTION TO TEAMS
Image source: Wikipedia
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
ExerciseBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Count how many things you have in common!
Image source: Flickr Ralph Aichinger
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
ExerciseBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Count how many things that differ between you!
Image source: Flickr Ralph Aichinger
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
“Innovation is primarily about combining different perspectives in solving a problem, and there is thus
much potential value in team working.”
Tidd & Bessant (2013)
Image source: Flickr, Dominic Alves
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Different aspects of diversity in innovation
Acquired diversity▪ Education ▪ Experience
Inherent diversity: ▪ gender ▪ ethnicity▪ sexual orientation
▪
BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Personality diversity▪ introvert/extrovert▪ exploring/executing▪ task/people orientation
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
T-shaped peopleBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Wide breadth of knowledge across discipline
Dee
p kn
owle
dge
in o
ne/ t
wo
spec
ific
area
s
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Innovation Profile TagBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
123
Image source: Flickr, Incase
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Learner
Anthropologist
Observe & Interact, Curioussee the new in everything
(Vuja De)Collect ideas & bugs
Experimenter
Curiosity & hard workExplore through prototypingFail often, succeed sooner
Cross Pollinator
Connect & AssociateBroadly interestestedrelate the unrelated
e.g. Frisbee & Hammer
We love to gather and learn to create a deeper understanding (insights)!
BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Collaborator
Team over the individualMultidisciplinary teams
More of a coach than a boss
Organizer BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Hurdler
Tireless problem-solver, Optimist, Quiet Determination,
Perseverance
Don’t just “do your job”Sees beyond initial failures
Director
Big picture thinkingBrings out the best in team
membersGive center stage to othersShoots for the moon and
wields a large toolbox
We love to create conditions for innovation by organizing time, people & resources!
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Experience Architect
Fend off the ordinary Facilitate positive
encounters (with products, services, organizations,
spaces, and events)
Set Designer
Liven up the workplacePromote energetic,
inspired culture
Caregiver
Empathy for individualsCreate relationships
Foundation of a good team
We love to take insights and resources and make things happen!
Storyteller
Capture imagination with a story (comics, narrative, animation)
Spark emotion & action
Builder
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Innovation Profile Tag : Field 1BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
I love to gather and learn to create adeeper understanding (insights)!
I love to take insights and resources and makethings happen!
I love to create conditions for innovation by organize
time, people & resources!
Builder
Organizer
Learner
1 min
1
2
3
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Discovery vs. Delivery drivenBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Source: Dyer, Gregersen, Christiansson (2008) The Innovator’s DNA
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Discovery vs. Delivery drivenBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
Source: Dyer, Gregersen, Christiansson (2008) The Innovator’s DNA
Divergen
t
Converg
ent
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Innovation Profile Tag : Field 2BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
I like quick, fast decision as they areessential for progress quick delivery.I’m frustrated by people who like todiscuss things again and again looking for a better solution.
I think discovery is at the heart of innovation.Hence I think it important to come up with new
ideasand alternative points of view. I’m frustrated bypeople who stress and rush decisions.
Converger
Diverger
1 min
1
2
3
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DiSC ModelBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
FirmDirectForcefulStrong-WilledResult-oriented
AnalyticalPrecise
SystematicReserved
High-SpiritedEnthusiasticOptimisticOutgoingLively
Even-TemperedAccomodating
PatientHumbleTactful
Dominance
InfluenceSteadiness
Compliance
TASK
PEOPLE
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Design Thinking Process#4 PROJECT 1, The Wallet Exercise
34
Source: Stanford University, d.school
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
DiSC Model & DesignThinkingBUILDING GREAT TEAMS
FirmDirectForcefulStrong-WilledResult-oriented
AnalyticalPrecise
SystematicReserved
High-SpiritedEnthusiasticOptimisticOutgoingLively
Even-TemperedAccomodating
PatientHumbleTactful
Dominance
InfluenceSteadiness
Compliance
TASK
PEOPLE
IDEATE
TEST DEFINE
EMPATHIZE
For situational leadership check: Beckman and Barry (2007) Innovation as a learning process, embedding design thinking
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
DiSC Model : Field 3BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
FirmDirectForcefulStrong-WilledResult-oriented
AnalyticalPrecise
SystematicReserved
High-SpiritedEnthusiasticOptimisticOutgoingLively
Even-TemperedAccomodating
PatientHumbleTactful
Dominance
InfluenceSteadiness
Compliance
TASK
PEOPLE
1 min
1
2
3
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Form the best possible team of 4
▪ Good balance of team roles and match to individual behavior style
▪ Try to build a diverse team.
▪ Try to be open to new people.▪ Trust your gut feeling.▪ Find people that you believe have the
right attitude.
Try to experience something new!10 min
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
References
Kelley & Littman (2010) Ten Faces of InnovationFast company article that gives an overview of 10 faces by Kelley & Littman
Dyer, Gregersen, Christiansson (2008) The Innovator’s DNADISC assessment - general info on wikipediaBeckman and Barry (2007) Innovation as a learning process, embedding design thinking
BUILDING GREAT TEAMS
TEK495 - Design & Innovation 41
That you become aware of:
● Why we have conflicts in teamwork
● The different types of conflicts that may arise
● Some tools that can help manage and resolve conflicts
GOAL#3 Managing conflicts in teams
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Diversity#3 Managing conflicts in teams
Image source: Flickr Rayela Art
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
#3 Managing conflicts in teamsT-shaped people
Wide breadth of knowledge across discipline
Dee
p kn
owle
dge
in o
ne/ t
wo
spec
ific
area
s
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Role play a conflict
Read the case and select a character (any character!)Role play the situation in your character - really try to act out the conflict!
2 min read & 5 min role play5 min discussion in your team▪ What did you feel?▪ Why do you think you felt that way?
#3 Managing conflicts in teams
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Types of Conflict
Cognitive Conflict (task-related)
Disagreement on content of a task being performedExample: Logo design
Image from factrange.com
#3 Managing conflicts in teams
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Types of Conflict
Process(procedural-related)
Disagreement about the way work is done (who should do what, in what order, roles and responsibilities, etc.)
Example: Sue thinks everyone should sit and brainstorm around the logo together, Jack thinks they should divide up the work and take on roles.
#3 Managing conflicts in teams
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Types of Conflict
Affective Conflict(relational, often emotional)
Interpersonal, relational, and personal incompatibilities
Example: Sue thinks Jack is lazy and doesn’t really want to work, Jack thinks Sue is controlling
#3 Managing conflicts in teams
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Role play a conflict
Use the conflict resolution tool provided and replay your conflict scenario
▪ 1 min look over the tool▪ 5 min role play
#3 Managing conflicts in teams
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Conflict resolution & management
Tools to help become aware of your differences
▪ Thomas Kilmann index (conflict handling style) Faces of Innovation
▪ DiSC▪ Norms: motivations,
expectations, values, goals, etc.
#3 Managing conflicts in teams
Image source: pixabay
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Ass
ertiv
e
50
One style is not necessarily better than
another – it is situational.#3 Managing conflicts in teams / Conflict resolutionKilman Index
COMPETE(win/lose)
COLLABORATE(win/win)
AVOID(lose/lose)
ACCOMODATE(lose/win)
high
highlow
low
COMPROMISE(win a bit / lose a bit)
Cooperative
TEST YOURSELF: http://www.buildingpeace.org
TEK495 - Design & Innovation 51
CUDSA model
Confront the conflictUnderstand the other’s positionDefine the problemSearch for and evaluate alternative solutionsAgree upon, implement & evaluate the best solution
#3 Managing conflicts in teams / Conflict resolution
TEK495 - Design & Innovation 52
Non-violent communication
A. What I observeB. How I feelC. What needs I haveD. My concrete and
positive wishes
“When you do not let me finish
my sentence (A) I feel frustrated
& angry, and I go into defense
mode (B). I need to be able to
finish my sentences without
being interrupted (C). I wish you
would do avoid interrupting me
when I speak (D)”.
Giraffe language: based on taking responsibility for one’s emotions – in contrast to “wolf-language” that is purely emotion-based.
#3 Managing conflicts in teams / Conflict resolution
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
“We were sufficiently similar to understand each other easily and sufficiently different to surprise each other”
Kahneman (2011)
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
References
• Jehn (1997) A Qualitative Analysis of Conflict Types and Dimensions in Organizational Groups; Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Sep., 1997)
• Disc Profile• Kudsa Model• Kilman Index overview article
On Wikipedia• Giraffe Language• Non-violent Communication • Conflict Management• Kilman Index
54
#3 Managing conflicts in teams / Conflict resolution
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
The masterstudent thesisexperienceProject 2
How to improve the:
Image source: pixabay
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Pitch your team
Why are you the perfect hirefor project 2?
Include:▪ team name▪ team competences▪ conflict resolution styles▪ backgrounds and experiences
2x5 min
#4 Your Team’s pitch for project II
Image source: wikimedia.org
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Play by your rules
What are the guidelines andrules your team would like toplay by?
10 min
#4 Your Team’s pitch for project II
TEK495 - Design & Innovation
Tasks till next session
▪ Reflect about this session, using your diary.▪ Watch video: https://vimeo.com/102508380▪ Make a list of your individual goals and ambitions.▪ Meet in the team, present them and come up with a set
of common goal/ambition for this project. ▪ Describe what unites you as a team (the glue).▪ Describe what competencies / elements you might
LACK in your team, and how you could compensate for this
Project II▪ Do some desk research.
Homework
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