development gap

What’s the link….?

THE DEVELOPMENT GAP

WAL: about the development gapYWBAT: explain what is meant by the ‘gap’, identify factors

that influence development

Hans Rosling : 200 countries in 200 years

• Hans Rosling's 200 Countries, 200 Years, 4 Minutes

While you watch, consider:• What is the pattern? How has the world

changed? What caused the changes?

• Self (1min) – Pair (2min) – Share

How can development be measured?

GAPMINDER CASINOPut yourself to the test – how will development change?

How confident are you?

Can you…- Happily identify more and less developed countries?- Explain what development means?

Where do you think this is? How developed is it?

Justify.

How about here?

Wha

t’s th

e m

essa

ge?

Do you agree?

What caused the gap?

Why is there a gap between developed and developing? North

and South? Rich and poor?

Factors that caused the development

gap

HISTORY & CULTURE

POLITICS & GOVERNMENT

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

(CLIMATE & HAZARDS)

DEBT

INDUSTRY

ACCESS TO RESOURCES

Think….share….develop

• Table groups• Mindmap one factor• Be prepared to share

Review: factors that influence the gap

THE ART OF ‘DOTOCRACY’

Which factor is most

important?

HISTORY

POLITICS & GOVERNMENT

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

(CLIMATE & HAZARDS)

DEBT

INDUSTRY

ACCESS TO RESOURCES

• The North-South divide based upon the BRANDT LINE

The Development Gap : a world of two halves?

The Brandt line

• Was suggested in 1970s• Based purely on economic data ($GDP)• Didn’t take into account how money was spent, HDI,

social indicators, etc., = therefore not very accurate today

Answer = RUSSIA. MEDC. Is this what you would expect?

Where do you think this is? MEDC / LEDC / NIC / LDC?

Comparing development

• Watch the clips URBAN EARTH : MUMBAIURBAN EARTH : LONDON

• Mindmap adjectives to describe the two areas (Mumbai & London)

• Task: Descriptive piece. Write a description comparing the two locations & their levels of development. Include adjectives & evidence to demonstrate how developed they each are.

Why is there a

development gap?

Physical - Landlocked countries

- Lack of natural resources- Natural hazards

- Lack of access to safe drinking water- Inhospitable climate: poor agriculture etc Economic Factors

• Unfair Trade – Subsidies• Over reliance on farming• Growth of Multi national

companies• Lack of technology /

resources• Debt owed to other

countries

Political Factors• Instability e.g. civil war (land

mines in Angola make land unusable)

• Power of West over others• Corrupt government e.g.

Zimbabwe

Cultural Factors• Some indigenous tribes CHOOSE

traditional way of life• Some societies e.g. Tibet don’t see

value in material goods

Historical Factors• Former colonies were

left in turmoil after given independence e.g. India

CASE STUDY EXAMPLES

Physical Factors – Bangladesh flooding• Regularly occurs due to monsoon season• Destroys buildings, infrastructure and

communications• Can damage destroy crops and animals• Contaminates drinking water

Economic Factors – Zimbabwe debt

• Massive international debt – owes 145% of its

total $GDP• No money to invest in industry / infrastructure

Political – Sudan’s Civil war - Arab vs non Arab communities

- Fighting over grazing rights & land- Burnt farmlands, schools, hospitals

- In 2004 approx 50’000 deaths mainly due to starvation, 200’000

refugees

Cultural Factors – Tibet society• Buddhist monk society• See no value in capitalism / money• Choose freedom from stress, simple

lifestyles

Historical – India colony- Former British colony

- Left in political confusion, after being dragged through war

- Introduced new diseases from UK