dna structure/function. recall … 4 classes of macromolecules –carbohydrates –lipids...
Post on 02-Jan-2016
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DNA
Structure/Function
RECALL…
4 classes of macromolecules– Carbohydrates– Lipids– Proteins
–NUCLEIC ACIDS!!!–Subunit: NUCLEOTIDES
Nucleic Acid Examples
• DNA – deoxyriboNUCLEIC ACID(de – without, oxy – oxygen, ribo – ribose sugar)
• Store and pass genetic information• Code for proteins
• RNA – riboNUCLEIC ACID• Protein synthesis
• Subunits of DNA/RNA: nucleotides
DNA
• Very longVery long thin molecule made up of linked nucleotides
• Double stranded helix– Twisted ladder
• Determines traits of EVERY LIVING ORGANISM
Nucleotide Structure
• 3 parts– Sugar (deoxyribose or ribose)– Phosphate (P with oxygens attached)– Nitrogen base
• Adenine• Thymine• Guanine• Cytosine
Nucleotide Structure• 2 classes of nucleotides
– Purines
• Adenine
• Guanine
– Pyrimidines
• Thymine
• Cytosine
Purines are PURE – like
AnGels
Pyrimidines –
Y like Thymine
and Cytosine
Nitrogen Base Pairing
Adenine Thymine
4-evaGuanine Cytosine
Nitrogen Base Pairing
Adenine Thymine
Guanine Cytosine
= Hydrogen Bond
Nitrogen Base Pairing
Adenine ThymineCytosine GuanineThymine AdenineCytosine GuanineCytosine GuanineAdenine Thymine
Guanine Cytosine
= Hydrogen Bond
Nitrogen Base Pairing
Adenine ThymineCytosine GuanineThymine AdenineCytosine GuanineCytosine GuanineAdenine Thymine
Guanine CytosineSugar + Phosphate backbone
• Compl-e-ment – complement– To complete, finish, or fill something up
NOT this kind…
• Compl-i-ment - compliment– “My students are the best in the school!”
What is the COMPLEMENTARY DNA STRAND?EXAMPLE 13’ end 5’ end
ATTGACCATTGATAGCCGAATATAACTGGTAACTATCGGCTTAT
EXAMPLE 25’ end 3’ end
TCTTCGGAACATTAGTCGAGGCAGAAGCCTTGTAATCAGCTCCG
Now you try!
Find the complementary DNA strand!
1. TAG ACC CAG CCC
2. CCG CAC CTG TTA AAA
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