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Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additivefor waterborne systems
2
Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additivefor the transportation market
Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive is derived from natural and renewable cellulose, one of the most abundant, natural, and renewable biopolymers on earth.
1.A key challenge in the waterborne automotive (OEM &
refinish) coatings market is balancing and optimizing
performance and productivity without making critical
compromises in either area. As a multifunctional additive,
Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive is specifically
engineered to help return formulation freedom to its users
by bringing distinct value in both the performance and
productivity arenas.
Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive benefits
Performance
• Better redissolve/strike-in resistance
• Superior flow and leveling
• Improved atomization
• Optimal metallic-flake control
• Increased flexibility in Al flake selection
Productivity
• Reduced dry-to-touch time
• Improved wetting (fewer defects)
• Improved block resistance (early hardness)
• Fewer coats/thicker coats (increased sag resistance)
• Superior application consistency over wide range of
climatic conditions
Performance
When it comes to curb appeal, a smooth, bright-metallic
basecoat is unmatched in eye-catching power. Formulations
delivering this unmistakable presence require a finely tuned
coatings formulation that delivers optimal performance
and appearance without negatively impacting productivity
in paint lines. Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive
is a multifunctional performance additive specifically
engineered to meet these needs through optimal metallic-
flake control, increased flexibility in metallic-flake selection,
better redissolve/strike-in resistance, exceptional flow and
leveling, and improved atomization. These benefits not
only translate into superior-looking coatings, but can also
mean superior performance and productivity.
3
Table 1 Improved metallic-flake orientation and strike-in resistance
A key aspect in achieving the brightest, most attractive
basecoat is metallic-flake orientation. Because Eastman
Solus™ 3050 performance additive has the ability to
improve aluminum flake orientation, both our tests in
OEM and refinish basecoats containing Solus 3050 showed
much higher face brightness and flop index compared with
the control (both before and after applying clear coat).
After application of the clear coat, the face brightness and
flop index of the control decrease considerably as the
clear coat attaches to and disturbs the basecoat surface.
Comparatively, the basecoat containing Solus showed
less decrease in face brightness and flop index.
This indicates that Solus 3050 improved the clear
coat strike-in resistance of the basecoat (which is
especially vital for good layer separation in three
wet one-bake systems), enabling paint suppliers
to meet OEM appearance specifications and
increase their market share.
Basecoat onlyBasecoat
+ clear coat
Description
Additive level to total
formulation
Face brightness
L*15° Flop index
Face brightness
L*15°Flop
index L*15° change after clear coat
OEM basecoat (see Section 3 for formulation)
OEM control 0% 130.2 11.5 120.8 10.0 -7.3%
w/Eastman Solus™ 3050 0.9% 136.0 13.0 126.8 11.5 -6.8%
Refinish basecoat (see Section 3 for formulation)
Refinish control 0% 136.7 13.0 124.0 10.6 -9.3%
w/Eastman Solus™ 3050 1.35% 143.5 15.3 133.8 13.0 -6.8%
4
Superior flow and levelingThe topographs below illustrate the superior flow and
leveling in the early stages of drying a basecoat containing
Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive vs. the control.
The topographs were constructed using a non-contact surface
profilometer after basecoats were spray-applied to smooth
substrates. As illustrated, Solus 3050 can help minimize the
wrinkling and shrinking that normally occurs during drying
to help create a smoother dehydrated film.
The graph on page 5 shows the change in surface roughness
as a film containing Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive
and a film containing the control dries. Compared with the
control, Solus 3050 provided superior flow and leveling early
in the drying process and produced a smoother film after drying.
Figure 1
30 seconds
2 minutes
10 minutes
Control
8% Eastman Solus™ 3050
on resin solids – 2.0
–
– 0.0
–
– -2.0
–
– -4.0
–
– -6.0
–
– -8.0
–
– -10.0
–
– -12.0
–
– -14.0
–– -15.7
um
5
Graph 1 Surface roughness of drying waterborne coatings
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
RM
S (n
m)
Time (sec)
Control Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive
Ability to use lower-grade aluminum flake without sacrificing surface appearanceAluminum pigment is the single most expensive ingredient in
an automotive metallic basecoat formulation. Since Eastman
Solus™ 3050 performance additive can improve the aluminum
pigment orientation and greatly enhance the performance
of pigment, it is possible to utilize less expensive aluminum
pigment in combination with Solus 3050 to achieve the same
or superior appearance.
Three basecoats were prepared and tested to illustrate
this benefit. The first basecoat (A) contained a high-end
automotive grade pigment (Stapa Hydrolan® 8154 from Eckart
GmbH). The second basecoat (B) was prepared using a less
expensive industrial-grade aluminum pigment (Stapa
Hydrolan® 501). The third basecoat (C) was the same as
the second with the addition of 8% Eastman Solus™ 3050
performance additive. As shown in Table 2 below, basecoat
A with the more expensive flake has higher brightness at
greater cost than basecoat B. The addition of Solus 3050 to
the basecoat containing the less expensive flake produces
basecoat C with a much higher brightness than basecoat A
at less cost. An added benefit of including Solus 3050 in the
formulation is the reduction in mottling.
Description
Face brightness
(L*15°)Flop
index
Formulation cost
($/gal)
Color uniformity (mottling)
A Control with
Stapa Hydrolan® 8154 133.9 12.43 23.41 Mottling
BControl with
Stapa Hydrolan® 501130.1 11.53 21.30 Mottling
C
8% Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive
with Stapa Hydrolan® 501 141.6 14.54 22.75 No mottling
Table 2 Face brightness, flop index, and formulation cost
Benefit analysis of Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive vs. alternative offeringsTable 3 compares Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive
with other offerings in terms of aluminum flake alignment
(brightness and flop index) and strike-in resistance (change
in brightness and flop index after applying the clear coat).
Some of the comparisons were done in an OEM formulation
which uses an acrylic swellable thickener and a clay thickener,
and some were done using a refinish formulation which uses
a rheology modified resin to impart aluminum flake alignment
and strike-in resistance. Brightness and flop were measured
and a number was assigned on a scale of 1 (did not deliver)
to 5 (delivered the best) for each additive in terms of how
well the benefits of aluminum flake alignment and strike-in
resistance were delivered in the formulation. As shown in the
table, Solus 3050 delivers the best performance.
Product Al flake
alignment Strike-in
resistance Use level
Potential issues
Eastman Solus™ 3050 5 5 0.5-1.5%
Solution must be prepared
Acrylic swellable thickener 2 2 6%
Tends to hold water & causes
drying issues
Clay type thickener 2 3 1%
Water sensitive; viscosity unstable
Wax #1 1 1 8-30% Reduces gloss
Wax #2 2 2 1-6% Reduces gloss
Wax #3 4 3 5-10%Reduces gloss; hurts adhesion
Rheology modified
resin 3 2
Up to 80% of
resin solids
Expensive — 4 times more than other resin at min.
15% level
Table 3 Performance of Eastman Solus™ 3050 compared with other offerings
7
Improving productivity
Achieving the highest performance and appearance in
automotive coatings is of little value if it drives down the
productivity of an OEM paint line or a refinish shop.
Utilizing Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive as a
multifunctional additive for delivering both performance
and productivity can help establish a new standard in
coatings solutions. Specifically, Solus 3050 can drive
improved productivity through shorter dry-to-touch
times, superior application consistency over a wide range
of climatic conditions, and improved wetting. These
functional benefits translate into superior coatings that
can dramatically reduce rework and boost throughput.
Steel panels with e-coat were equally contaminated with
a low surface tension liquid, BYK-088 defoamer. When a
basecoat containing Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance
additive was spray-applied to a contaminated panel, the
contaminated areas were gradually wetted and covered
by the basecoat. Under the same conditions, the control
basecoat failed to wet or cover the contaminated areas.
With an improvement in wetting on contaminated surfaces,
reapplication can be minimized, shortening application
time and lowering material costs.
2.
Figure 2 Improved wetting
Control waterborne basecoat
Waterborne basecoat with 6% Eastman Solus™ 3050
performance additive
8
Variations in climatic application conditions such as
humidity and temperature can dramatically impact the
overall performance of a coating. Eastman Solus™ 3050
performance additive can help reduce the impact of these
varying conditions to maximize performance — saving
time, energy, and material. To illustrate this, Eastman
prepared waterborne metallic basecoats and applied them,
using Eastman’s multimillion-dollar robotic spray booth, to
e-coated steel panels. The paint was applied with an
electrostatic bell over different temperature/humidity
conditions. These conditions include wet, dry, and
intermediate or standard conditions. The basecoat containing
Solus 3050 not only gave higher face brightness at any given
booth condition, it also provided a relatively stable color over
a variety of application conditions ranging from wet to dry.
Application consistency at varying climatic conditions
Graph 2 Face brightness (L*15°)
Graph 3 Face brightness loss after clear coat
-1 7
-1 6
-1 5
-1 4
-1 3
-1 2
-1 1
-1 0
-9
-8
-7
Face
bri
ghtn
ess
loss
aft
er c
lear
coa
t (L
*15°
)
Dry (28°C/50% relative humidity)
Standard (24°C/65% relative humidity)
Wet (20°C/80% relative humidity)
Eastman Solus™ 3050
Control no CE
130
132
134
136
138
140
142
144
146
148
150
Dry (28°C/50% relative humidity)
Standard (24°C/65% relative humidity)
Wet (20°C/80% relative humidity)
Eastman Solus™ 3050
Control no CE
Face
bri
ghtn
ess
(L*1
5°)
9
Raw materials Description Control
With 6%Eastman Solus™ 3050performance additive
Macrynal® VSM 6285 w/43WABDG Cytec acrylic emulsion 227.37 210.72
Maprenal® melamine 900/95 Ineos melamine crosslinker 43.77 43.86
Viacryl® VSC 6279 w/45WA Cytec styrene acrylic emulsion 47.95 44.44
Viscalex® HV30 solutiona BASF acrylic swellable thickener 61.87 57.34
Laponite® RD Rockwood synthetic clay 3.09 2.87
Tego® Foamex 825 Tego defoamer 0.62 0.57
N-methylpyrrolidone Solvent 8.10 8.60
Additol® XL 250 Cytec pigment wetting agent 4.05 4.30
20% Eastman Solus™ 3050 solution Performance additive 0.00 46.16
Stapa Hydrolan® 8154 AI pigment Eckart AI pigment 47.95 47.88
10% Dimethylethanolamine pH adjust 7.8 — 8.1 Neutralizing solution 24.75 28.67
DI water Water 473.92 471.62
Eastman™ EB (butyl glycol) Solvent 56.56 32.97
Total 1000.00 1000.00
Pigment/binder ratio 0.16 0.16
Percent of solids 20.10 20.10
Melamine/total resin ratio 0.26 0.26
VOC [g/l] 416 416
Experimental formulations
Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive was not
substituted in the OEM formulation for the other rheology
modifiers (Viscalex® & Laponite®). Solus 3050 is in addition
to the other rheology modifiers. Solus 3050, as well as most
wax-based additives, does not provide sufficient thixotropy
or thickening effect on its own to allow replacement of the
clays or thickeners.
The refinish formulation utilizes a rheology-modified
acrylic emulsion as the major binder, which serves as a
thickening agent as well. Simply adding Eastman Solus™
3050 performance additive to this formulation without
any other additional thickeners is appropriate.
3.
Table 4 OEM basecoat formulation
a10% Viscalex HV30 solution was made by mixing 64.2% of DI water, 2.5% of 10% dimethylethanolamine solution, and 33.3% of Viscalex HV30.
10
Raw materials Description Control
With 8%Eastman Solus™ 3050 performance additive
Setalux® 6803 AQ-24 Rheology-modified acrylic from Nuplex 489.5 453.5
Daotan® VTM 1262/35WA PUD from Cytec 143.5 133
Tego® Foamex 825 Tego defoamer 0.8 0.8
Stapa Hydrolan® 8154 AI pigment Eckart AI pigment 51.3 51.3
Additol® XL 250 Cytec pigment wetting agent 4.9 4.8
20% Eastman Solus™ 3050 solution Performance additive 0.000 62.1
10% dimethyl ethanolamine Neutralizing solution 18.1 16.8
Eastman™ EB (butyl glycol) Solvent 84 63.5
DI water Water 207.9 214.2
Total 1000.0 1000.0
Pigment/binder 0.165 0.165
Percent of solids 20.10 20.10
VOC [g/l] 420 420
Table 5 Refinish basecoat formulation
Call your Eastman representative today to learn more about the balancing and optimizing performance and productivity of Eastman Solus™ performance additive for your coatings application.
Eastman Chemical Company
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Telephone: (65) 6831-3100Fax: (65) 6732-4930
www.eastman.com
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that should be observed when handling and storing
Eastman products, are available online or by request.
You should obtain and review the available material safety
information before handling any of these products.
If any materials mentioned are not Eastman products,
appropriate industrial hygiene and other safety precautions
recommended by their manufacturers should be observed.
Neither Eastman Chemical Company nor its marketing affiliates
shall be responsible for the use of this information, or of any
product, method or apparatus mentioned, and you must make
your own determination of its suitability and completeness for
your own use, for the protection of the environment and for the
health and safety of your employees and purchasers of your
products. No warraNty is madE of thE mErChaNtability
or fitNEss of aNy produCt, aNd NothiNg hErEiN waivEs
aNy of thE sEllEr’s CoNditioNs of salE.
Eastman, Solus, and The results of insight are trademarks of Eastman Chemical Company.
The following are registered trademarks of each listed owner: Hydrolan—Eckart GmbH; Macrynal, Viacryl, Additol Daotan—Cytec Industries Inc.; Mapranel—INEOS Melamines GmbH; Visalex—BASF Corporation; Laponite—Rockwood Additives Limited; Setalux—Nuplex Resins B.V.; Tego—Evonik Industries AG.
All other brands are the property of their respective owners.
© Eastman Chemical Company, 2012.
M-567B 6/12
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