ecological backpack
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The ecological backpack: versatile indicator for
sustainable consumption
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
Satu Lähteenoja, Michael Lettenmeier, Marja Salo
ConAccount conference 2008, Prague
This presentation is about
• Confusion faced with different indicators• MIPS and ecological backpack• One case project on how it can be used
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
• One case project on how it can be used• How to compare the indicators• Does backpack bring something new to
the discussion?• Conclusions and further questions
Sustainable consumption – target for ecological cities?
Sustainable consumption is understood as “the use of goodsand services that respond to basic needs and bring a betterquality of life, while minimizing the use of naturalresources, toxic materials and emissions of waste and
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
resources, toxic materials and emissions of waste andpollutants over the life cycle, so as not to jeopardize theneeds of future generations” (The Norwegian Ministry ofEnvironment 1994).
You can’t manage what you can’t measure...
Ecological footprint
CO2-equivalents
Carbon footprint
Water footprint
A jungle of indicators
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
QuickTime™ jaTIFF (pakkaamaton) pakkauksen purkuohjelma
tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.
Carbon footprintMIPS
Ecological backpack
Total Material RequirementToxics
Best known: ecological footprint
QuickTime™ jaTIFF (pakkaamaton) pakkauksen purkuohjelma
Sustainablelevel
FinlandThe people in
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
Source: Happy Planet Index
TIFF (pakkaamaton) pakkauksen purkuohjelmatarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.
these countrieshave the same
level of happiness
Earth overshoot day
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
The day that we begin livingbeyond our ecological means
CO2-emissions vrs.Carbon footprint?
QuickTime™ jaTIFF (pakkaamaton) pakkauksen purkuohjelma
tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.
Carbon footprint is nowadays used justto tell how many tonnes of CO2 isconsumed=> it’s not telling about
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
=> it’s not telling aboutarea
Source: footprintnetwork.org, Yahoo green
Water footprint?
The water footprint is an indicator of water use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer. The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of
QuickTime™ jaTIFF (pakkaamaton) pakkauksen purkuohjelma
tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
business is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business. Water use is measured in terms of water volumes consumed (evaporated) and/or polluted per unit of time.
Source: waterfootprint.org
Why is it called footprint?
Area of water needed? Can not be measured as an area...
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
Source:waterfootprint.org
material input
= life-cycle-wideresource consumption
MIPS (Material Input Per Service)
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
service unit
= total benefit obtained
Ecological backpack
= resource consumption(non-renewable and renewable resources and
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
renewable resources and erosion)
of a commodity over its whole life cycle(g, kg, tonnes)
Not just one backpack
Abiotic resource backpack
Biotic resource backpack
TMR
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
Soil backpack
Water backpack
Air backpackCO2 backpack?
What do different backpacks tell?”Average EU consumer”
TMR backpack of household, EU average
(Total 28 tonnes per person in a year)
9 %
12 %
40 %
26 %
9 %4 %
Housing
Energy use at home
Mobility
Food and beverages
Household goods
Waste management
Air backpack of household, EU average
(Total 5 tonnes per person in a year)
52 %
30 %
15 %
2 %
0 % 1 %
Housing
Energy use at home
Mobility
Food and beverages
Household goods
Waste management
TMR backpack Air backpack
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
40 %
"One did it" backpack of household, EU
average (Total 33 tonnes per person in a
year)
18 %
37 %
25 %
8 %
4 %
8 %
Housing
Energy use at home
Mobility
Food and beverages
Household goods
Waste management
Also possible:- CO2 backpack- Water backpack- Non-renewable backpack- Renewable backpack- Waste backpack
”One did it” backpack
Case: FIN-MIPS Household research project 2006-2008
1. MIPS studies covering different aspects• pre-study on existing data
• 6 master’s theses
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
• 6 master’s theses
2. Application of the MIPS data to households• 27 different households monitoring their consumption
• piloting and assessing the use(fulness) of MIPS
3. Illustration and conclusions• suggestions and conclusions: How to reach factor-targets?
The natural resource backpack of Finnish households
TMR by consumption sectors, average
9,900 9,800 9,400
4,4006,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
kg/p
erso
n/y
ear
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
4,400
2,900 2,400
200 200
2,000
4,000
6,000
Mob
ility
Touris
m
Housin
g
Foods
tuffs
Leisu
re tim
e ac
tivitie
s
Goods
and
app
lianc
es
Packa
ging
Was
te m
anag
emen
t
kg/p
erso
n/y
ear
Summary of the households TMR
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
P G S R E V B O H F W C N Q Y D L J T
Housing Foodstuffs Packaging Waste management
Mobility Goods and appliances Tourism Leisure time activities
One did it -ecological social network
www.onedidit.com
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
Easy tips for everyday actions
Test your ecological backpack
Community to compare the resultsof improved eco-efficiency
One did it -ecological social network
www.onedidit.com
The best is yet to come...
By the end of year 2008The onedidit.com site will freshen up totally withcool new features!
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
Conclusions - what do different indicators tell?
• CO2 => energy
• Ecological footprint => energy and agriculture
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
=> energy and agriculture• Water consumption
=> agriculture• Abiotic resource backpack
=> infrastructure and non-renewable materials
Conclusions
• MIPS is rough but easy, still less used and perhaps underestimated
• With one method, it is possible to study
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
• With one method, it is possible to study different aspects of resource consumption by different backpacks
=> Good experiences from Finland
Conclusions
• Footprint is clearly understandable, when used to describe area needed
• However, it lacks with taking infrastructure into account
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
• However, it lacks with taking infrastructure into account
• It confuses when the term footprint is used to tell about CO2 emissions (kilogramms) or water (cubic meters / tonnes)
We need many indicators, but...
• Let’s not spoil the great success of footprint by mixing it with everything (e.g. ”mobility footprint”)
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
(e.g. ”mobility footprint”)• Instead, we could talk e.g. about CO2
backpack and water backpack to indicate the amout of these resources used in kilograms, when not indicating it to the needed land.
Thank you for your attention!
Waiting for your comments!
www.mips-online.fi
12.09.08 ConAccount Conference 2008, Prague
Lähteenoja, Lettenmeier, Salo
www.mips-online.fisatu.lahteenoja_at_sll.fi
michael.lettenmeier_at_wupperinst.orgmarja.salo_at_onedidit.com
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