educated in the united states. leads of the pan-african congress. linked educated groups of africans...
Post on 31-Mar-2015
213 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
PAN-AFRICIANISM and National Identity in Africa
Educated in the United States.
leads of the Pan-African Congress. Linked educated
groups of Africans together. (activists, writers, artists) to fight for Independence in Africa.
1947 creates the Convention People’s Party.
Kwame Nkrumah and Ghana
Pan-Africanism common goals = the unity of Africanselimination of
colonialism and white supremacy from the continent.
However, the meaning of leadership, kinds of government, and regional interests differed
Independence 1958Nkrumah was made president by the British.
He then declares The Gold Coast colony independent in 1958.Renames it GHANA (refers back to ancient African
Kingdom).
First Conference of Independent African States, in Ghana.“United States of Africa.” model for the rest of African Independence
movements. Non-Alignment Movement1960 declares Ghana a Republic.
Nkrumah’s choices:“African Socialism”
Combination of modern growth and traditional values.
Seven Year Plan.Government controls
all economic markets monopolies on
crops.rural based
economies to industrialization.
How did Nkrumah help
create a new national
identity for Ghanaians?
Kwame Nkrumah’s Downfall1964 declares himself President for Life ->
dictatorship!While Nkrumah visits North Korea his military
stages a coup de tat forces Nkrumah into exile.
Dies in exile but buried in Ghana.Constitution written in 1993. Democracy
today.
The Very Confusing and Very Violent Story of Independence in the Congo
Patrice Lumumba
Born into a small and non- important tribe.
WAS NOT educated in the West.
Leads the Congolese National Movement Party.
Takes part in All-African People's Conference in Accra, Ghana. Buddies with Nkrumah.
June 23, 1960 Independence from the Belgians.
WAR!Three days after
independence part of the army rebels.
Lumumba is killed.Lots of war.the country renamed
Zaire.Lots of ethnic wars.Renamed Democratic
Republic of Congo2005: Constitution is
written.
HOW DO YOU THINK THE VAST NUMBER OF ETHNIC GROUPS IN THE CONGO AFFECTS THE FORMATION OF A NATIONAL IDENTITY?
Nelson Mandela and South Africa
Union of South Africa 1910Union of South Africa
1910.Self-governing part of
the British Empire.Made up of 4 British
Colonies.Constitution= power
to the Whites.
African National Congress 1912.Get rid of practices
based on race.Blacks want
representation in South African Parliament
1960s, the ANC and Pan-African Congress (PAC) were banned.
vs.
Apartheid: “separateness”
Independence =1961 Republic of South Africa.Continue to use
racist policies.Protest in
SharpevilleNelson Mandela
arrested and thrown in jail.
HOW DOES THIS SEPARATENESS EFFECT THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN SOUTH AFRICA?
http://youtu.be/Y9WB5nOnHIY
Apartheid
Propaganda against Apartheid in 1988.
Educated Tribal Elitejoined the African
National Congress. = Non-Violent Protests
Later proposes a violent branch of the ANC.Arrested in thrown into
prison for 27 years.
Nelson Mandela
1991 Apartheid is officially abolished.ANC allowed back.Mandela released from prison.
1993 Constitution written.Nelson Mandala is elected President.
nonracial elections were held on April, 19941997 New Constitution
dedicated to reforming the nation.Mandela steps down from power.
End of Apartheid…
parliamentary democracy constitutional power is shared between the
president and the Parliament.
South Africa Today
top related