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ELAGSE6RL3 Describe how a particular story’s or drama’s plot unfolds
in a series of episodes as well as how the characters respond to change as the plot moves toward a resolution
Essential Question How do readers determine if literature
is a narrative work?
What is a narrator ?
A narrator tells the story, or narrates.
A narrative is the actual story.
Word Family
Word Families / Latin Prefixes & Suffixes
• - or (person or thing that)
• inventor
• educator
•narrator
Listen to this story.
What are some characteristics of narratives?
• Setting
• Fiction (unless a biography)
• Characters (people or animals)
• Plot & conflict
• Explores an insight into life (Theme)
PLOT – the sequence of events in a story
exposition
climax
resolution
CONFLICT
• Exposition –introduction of the (1) setting, (2) the characters, and (3) the basic situation
• Rising Action – events that introduce a conflict or struggle and increase the tension
• Climax – the story’s turning point; WHAT HAVE WE BEEN WAITING FOR?
• Falling Action - events that follow the climax
• Resolution – WHAT IS THE RESULT OF THE CLIMAX?
Look for these elements in a story’s plot.
Conflict • What does it mean to be in conflict?
– A struggle between 2 opposing forces
• For example: The 3 Little Pigs
• External vs. Internal
• -ex (exit, extract, exhale)
– outside
– Man vs. Man; Man vs. Society; Man vs. Nature
• -in (inhale, incubate)
– Inside/into
– Man vs. Himself
Conflict
• Man vs. Man (External)
• Man vs. The World (External)
• Man vs. Himself (Internal)
CONFLICT
INTERNAL (3)
MAN VS. HIMSELF
EXTERNAL (3)
MAN VS. MAN, SOCIETY, NATURE
Nika vs. Herself – thinking about
what to do about her
relationship with Anthony
Ms. Ussin vs. herself– spider
moving too quickly for Ms. Ussin
to kill; can’t sleep until she
knows it’s dead
YOUR EXAMPLE HERE
Nika vs. Anthony – the
spraying and kicking at Sonic to
end relationship
Ms. Ussin vs. spider – spider
moving too quickly for Ms.
Ussin to kill; it moves and she
chases it with her shoe
YOUR EXAMPLE HERE
Pablo and the Market Job
Pablo hurried to put on his best clothes. He was finally old enough to work at the outdoor market in his
small Mexican town this summer, and today he would apply for the job of apprentice to the fruit dealer. Pablo
rushed through the narrow dirt streets to the town square where the outdoor market dealers set up their small
booths. He saw his friend, Manny, already talking to the fruit dealer, Mr. Gonzales.
“Yes, sir, Mr. Gonzales, I know how to judge if a fruit is ripe or not,” said Manny to the dealer, “since I
have picked them in the orchards many times.”
Pablo frowned because he had never known Manny to work in the orchards, or anywhere else. Of all the
boys in the town, Manny was known to be the laziest.
Pablo finally got his chance to interview with Mr. Gonzales and told him about his own work
experience in the orchards. The fruit dealer told both boys that they could work for him today, and by the end
of the day he would pick one of them to help him all summer.
Both boys started out the day as hard workers when they thought Mr. Gonzales was watching, but soon
Manny began sitting more than he worked. Unknown to the boys, Mr. Gonzales closely watched both of them
all day.
At the end of the day, Manny tried to act as if he, too, had worked hard, but Mr. Gonzales knew better.
“I told you both that I would choose a worker at the end of today, and I choose Pablo.”
Manny trudged home disappointed, but Pablo was all smiles because he knew his income would be a
welcome addition to the small wages brought in by his older brothers.
“You were the best worker today, Pablo, and I know that you will work hard for me all summer,” said
Mr. Gonzales.
- Georgia CRCT Coach Book, GPS Edition, Grade 8, 2006
a. plot b. - or c. exposition d. rising action e. climax f. falling action g. resolution
1. Events that take place after the climax
2. Introduces setting, characters and situation
3. Person or thing that 4. Events that develop the story and
introduce conflict 5. Conclusion; result of conflict 6. The highest tension of story; turning
point; what readers have been waiting for
7. A short story’s series of events
WARM UP
Write the number, the letter, and the word that follows the letter.
Write the number, the letter, and the word that follows the letter.
a. plot b. - or c. exposition d. rising action e. climax f. falling action g. resolution
1. Events that take place after the climax
2. Introduces setting, characters and situation
3. Person or thing that 4. Events that develop the story and
introduce conflict 5. Conclusion; result of conflict 6. The highest tension of story; turning
point; what readers have been waiting for
7. A short stories series of events
In the following narrative, identify the key elements of the plot and explain your identification.
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good, clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. - Exposition One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. Rising Action - One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. - Climax At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. Falling Action - At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
So what’s the resolution?
ALWAYS look to the CLIMAX to answer that question
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. - Climax At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
How did the author foreshadow?
An author’s hint of what’s to come in the story
I always knew Kirsten would graduate from high school and go to
college because she always worked really hard in school and stayed away from the wrong crowd so she wouldn’t be distracted. All through our four years of high school, she made the honor roll, and she was always getting an award for something. I wished she would’ve gotten the opportunity to make it. One weekend we went to a party. We made sure we didn’t drink because we knew we’d be driving. We danced all night and had a good, clean time. She even talked to Michael all night just like she’d hoped. When we were driving home, talking and laughing about everything that happened that night, a drunk driver, some other student from the same party, didn’t stop at a red light and smashed into our car. It hit the driver’s side and sent Kirsten flying right from the driver’s seat to a nearby parking lot. At her funeral, I cried uncontrollably! I didn’t go to school for a week because I couldn’t stand to be there without her. It’s still taking time for me to heal. I miss her so much.
What is the external conflict in the story?
Who/What vs. Who/What
What is the internal conflict in the story?
Who/What vs. Who/What
What kind of character is it? How does the character feel?
ELAGSE6RL3 Describe how a particular story’s or drama’s plot unfolds
in a series of episodes as well as how the characters respond to change as the plot moves toward a
resolution
When analyzing a character…
1. Look at the character’s traits
2. Look at the character’s actions
3. Look at the character’s reactions
4. Listen for the character’s words and/or thoughts
• Direct Characterization – The author TELLS the reader who the character is
• Indirect Characterization – The author SHOWS the reader who the character is
Louis hurried to get ready for school because band tryouts were going to be held this morning, and he didn’t want to be late. His stomach felt queasy, so he took only two bites of his toast before rushing out the door. He tapped a nervous finger on his trumpet case continuously during the entire bus ride to school. The score he made at tryouts this morning would determine his report card grade in band, and if he made another C, he would be grounded for a whole month.
Is Louis…
A. worried
B. happy
C. mad
D. sad
Louis hurried to get ready for school because band tryouts were going to be held this morning, and he didn’t want to be late. His stomach felt queasy, so he took only two bites of his toast before rushing out the door. He tapped a nervous finger on his trumpet case continuously during the entire bus ride to school. The score he made at tryouts this morning would determine his report card grade in band, and if he made another C, he would be grounded for a whole month.
stomps feet on floor, yells, slams books on table
• happy
• scared
• sad
• mad
smiles broadly, hums to herself
• happy
• scared
• sad
• mad
frowns, cries easily, wrings hands, walks with a slump
• happy
• scared
• sad
• mad
Good writers SHOW. They don’t tell.
Static vs. Dynamic Character
• Usually main character
• Undergoes change throughout the story
• Central Character (could be main character too)
• Does not go through change
• Think of STATIC on your clothes… it sticks
ELAGSE6RL2 Determine a theme and/or central idea of a text and how
it is conveyed through particular details; provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions and
judgements
Essential Question What is theme?
How do authors create theme?
Theme
An overall lesson that the author wants readers to learn; usually stated
in a phrase
Topic
An overall subject of the story; usually stated in one word
For example:
Topic: Success
Theme: In order to be successful, one must work hard.
Topic: Friendship
Theme: True friendship is marked by the ones who stick around even through the tough times.
Topic: Separation
Theme: Distance makes the heart grow fonder.
# 1 What would be an appropriate topic and theme for this story?
Karen watched the other girls play in the championship game while she sat on the bench. She hadn’t been to enough practices to play, and Coach Jones was serious about “No Practice, No Play”. She begged and begged, but Coach didn’t let up. When the girls won the game, she was excited, but she wished she had an opportunity to take part in the win.
# 2 What would be an appropriate topic and theme for this story?
I didn’t understand why I was so happy today. I just felt good! Everything was going well, and I determined within myself that I wouldn’t let anything get me down.
There was a meeting after lunch, and everyone was upset about the pay cut we all had to take. They were all fussing and complaining, but I decided to sit in a lounge chair on the wall to keep away from it all. My boss walked in after a few minutes and saw everyone fussing and talking about everything. He looked at me and asked, “Why aren’t you in on the dog fight over there?”
“It’s just not worth it,” I said. “We all have to take the cut, so what’s arguing going to do to change that?”
“This is why I KNEW you deserved the one promotion we have in the building! I love your outlook on things. Congratulations! Your promotion to Site Manager is effective immediately!”
Determine a theme for these topics.
• Patience
• Obedience
• Trust
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