engineering geology: introduction

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY- is the application of the geological sciences to engineering study for the purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding the location, design, construction, operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for.

St. Francis DamLos Angeles County, California, United States

(February 1927)

General Manager and Chief Engineer: William Mulholland

FAILURE OF ST. FRANCIS DAMAt two and a half minutes before midnight on March 12, 1928, the dam catastrophically failed, and the resulting flood took the lives of as many as 431 people.

Standing section with fragments from east side of dam

LEANING TOWER OF

PISATuscany, Italy

Architect Bonanno Pisano

Groundbreaking 1173Completed 1372

Height (max) 55.86 metres (183.3 ft)Materials marble stone

IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

1.Engineering geology can aid in locating natural resources.2.It can help us with flood control and other natural disasters.3.study of geology gives us clue of people lived many year ago.4.it let us know how the environment has evolved and adapted to the world around us.5.it is showing its importance in its application i.e. in study about soil profile and character about the soil and strength of soil.

6. It gives us knowledge of hydrological cycle, climatic conditions, living and non-living things on the particular site.

7. It gives us knowledge of origin's of earth, it's structure.

8. It plays an important role in interpretation of landforms and earth's process to identify potential geologic and related man made hazards that may impact civil structures and human development.

IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

SCOPE, DIVISIONS AND SUBDIVISIONS

• residential,commercial and industrial developments.

• governmental and military installations.• public works such as power plant, wind

turbines, transmission lines, sewage treatment plant, water treatment plant, pipeline works, tunnels, tenchless construction , canal, dams, reservoir building, railroad, transit, highways, bridges, seismic retrofits, airports and parks.

• mining works such as tunneling, excavations.• wetland and habitat restoration programs.• coastal engineering, sand replenishment, bluff

or sea cliff stability, harbor pier and waterfront development.

• offshore outfall, drilling platform and sub-sea pipeline, sub-sea cable and other type of facilities.

SCOPE, DIVISIONS AND SUBDIVISIONS

• Geological Hazard• Geotehnical• Material Properties• Landslide and Slope stability• Erosion• Flooding• Dewatering• Seismic studies etc.

SCOPE, DIVISIONS AND SUBDIVISIONS

ROLES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING• To recognize potential difficult ground

conditions prior to detailed design and construction

• It helps to identify areas susceptible to failure due to geological hazards

• To establish design specifications• To have the best selection of site for

engineering purposes• To have the best selection of engineering

materials for construction

GEOLOGICAL TRAINING

• Geological field mapping of geological structures, formations, soil units and hazards.

• Review of geological literatures, maps, geotechnical reports, engineering plans, environmental reports, aerial photographic studies, remote sensing data, topographical map, etc.

• The surface and subsurface investigations as the excavation, sampling and logging of earth/rock materials in drilled borings, back hoe test pits and trenches, fault trenching and bulldozer pits, geomechanical test, hydrological tests, etc.

• Geophysical survey• Deformation monitoring of soil (Plate load test),

rock on surface & subsurface• Recommendation for safety measures

GEOLOGICAL TRAINING