entry-level driver training
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Entry-level driver Entry-level driver trainingtraining
Areas of trainingAreas of training
• Driver qualification
• Driver wellness• Hours of service• Whistleblower
protection
1a
General driver qualification General driver qualification
• At least 21 years old• Can read, write, and speak English• Have experience and/or training to
safely operate your vehicle• Pass required
physical exam
2a
General driver qualification General driver qualification
• Have valid motor vehicle operator’s license
• Provide employer with list of violations over past 12 months
• Are not disqualified to drive a CMV• Passed a road test
2b
General driver qualification General driver qualification
• Can determine whether cargo is properly loaded, distributed, and secured
• Are familiar with methods and procedures for securing cargo (both goods and passengers)
2c
Physical qualifications Physical qualifications
• Must pass a physical exam• Must carry a certificate signed
by a medical examiner stating you are physically qualified
• Employer must keep a copy of certificate in driver qualification file
3a
Physical qualifications Physical qualifications
You are not qualified if you have:• Lost a foot, leg, hand, or arm • An impairment of a hand, finger,
arm, foot, or leg which interferes with your ability to perform normal tasks associated with driving a CMV
• Diabetes requiring insulin for control
3b
Physical qualifications Physical qualifications
You are not qualified if you have:• Heart disease, which causes you
chest pain, fainting, or shortness of breath
• Chest or breathing problems like chronic asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
• High blood pressure likely to interfere with driving
3c
Physical qualifications Physical qualifications
You are not qualified if you have:• Loss of movement or feeling in part of your
body• Any sickness which is likely to cause loss of
consciousness or any loss of ability to control a CMV
• Any mental problems likely to interfere with your ability to drive a CMV safely
3d
Physical qualifications Physical qualifications
You are not qualified if you have:• Poor vision that affects your ability
to see objects that are far away, objects to the side, or traffic signal colors
• Poor hearing
3e
Physical qualificationsPhysical qualifications
You are not qualified if you have:• Used certain drugs
(unless prescribed by a doctor who has advised you that use will not adversely affect your ability to safely operate a CMV)
• A current clinical diagnosis of alcoholism
3f
Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15)(§391.15)You are disqualified if convicted of any of the
following while operating a CMV:• Driving with an alcohol
concentration of 0.04 percent or more
• Driving under the influence of alcohol as prescribed by state law
• Refusing to undergo alcohol testing
4a
Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15)(§391.15)You are disqualified if convicted of any of the
following while operating a CMV:• Operating under the influence
of a controlled substance• Transporting, possessing,
or unlawfully using drugs• Leaving the scene of an
accident involving a CMV• Committing a felony
involving a CMV
4b
Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15)(§391.15)• Disqualification period ranges from 6
months to 3 years depending on severity of the offense
4c
Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15) (§391.15) • Violating an out-of-service order
disqualifies you for 90 days to 5 years
• Penalties are more severe for drivers of vehicles carrying passengers or hazardous materials
4d
Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§383.51) (§383.51) Drivers who hold a CDL can be
disqualified for certain offenses committed in anytype of vehicle
4e
General Wellness General Wellness
• Eat right• Exercise regularly• Get proper rest• Undergo periodic
physical exams
5a
Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • LDL = Bad cholesterol• HDL = Good cholesterol
6a
Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • Total cholesterol < 200• LDL< 130• HDL > 50
6b
Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • High blood pressure is dangerous• Can lead to heart and kidney disease
6c
Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • Blood pressure should
be < 140/90
6d
Weight and exercise Weight and exercise
• Being overweight contributes to many health problems
• Eating right and physical activity can help in maintaining a healthy weight
7a
Weight and exercise Weight and exercise
Eating right includes:• At least 5 servings of
fruits and vegetables• Watching fat
consumption• Moderating sugar
and salt intake• Limiting
alcohol use
7b
Weight and exercise Weight and exercise
Moderate physical activity for 30 minutes daily can improve well being
7c
Weight and exercise Weight and exercise
Moderate physical activity includes:• Walking briskly• Conditioning• General
calisthenics
7d
Weight and exercise Weight and exercise
Consult with your physician before starting any program
7e
Alcohol and drug abuse Alcohol and drug abuse
• Reduces coordination• Slows reaction rates• Dulls mental processes
8a
Stress Stress
• A physical or mental response to pressures of an event or factors of living in general
• Can be positive or negative
• Causes the body to get into survival mode
9a
StressStress
Prolonged stress can cause:• High blood pressure• Pain• Breathing trouble• Digestive disorders• Insomnia• Fatigue
9b
Stress Stress
Prolonged stress can cause:• Frustration• Irritability• Anger• Impatience• Worry• Lack of self
confidence9c
Stress Stress
Prolonged stress can lead to:• Accidents• Loss of priorities• Rushing• Inappropriate
behavior
9d
StressStress
Stress-reduction techniques include:• Breaks• Exercise• Proper rest and diet• Deep breathing/yoga• Having fun• Talking to a friend
9e
Fatigue Fatigue
• Ranges from sleepy to exhausted• Can cause involuntary brain
shutdown• Most adults
need 7-8 hours of sleep
10a
Fatigue Fatigue
Sleep loss of as little as 2 hours can affect:
• Judgment• Reaction time• Coordination• Attitude/mood
10b
Fatigue Fatigue
• Circadian rhythm = Body’s internal clock
• Most people’s clocks run on a 24-hour basis with high and low points
• Disruption of the clock can lead to fatigue
10c
Fatigue Fatigue
Signs of fatigue:• Drowsiness• Yawning• Lack of alertness• Fighting to keep
eyes open
10d
Fatigue Fatigue
Signs of fatigue:• Head drooping• Sore/stiff neck
muscles• Reduced
reaction time
10e
Fatigue Fatigue
Signs of fatigue:• Erratic shifting• Intermittent
braking• Following vehicles
too closely• Bad driving decisions• Lane deviations/weaving
10f
Fatigue Fatigue
Ways to fight fatigue:• Get a solid 8 hours of sleep• Establish a regular sleep routine• Avoid driving
during body’s “down time”
• Exercise regularly• Eat properly• Take a nap
10g
FatigueFatigue
Good sleeping habits• Sleep in a quiet, dark room• Keep sleeping area comfortable• Have a bedtime
routine
10h
Fatigue Fatigue
Sleep apnea • Brief interruptions in breathing• Wakes person so briefly
he/she doesn’t know it happened
• Can repeat up to 600 times a night causing increased fatigue
10i
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying)carrying)11-hour driving rule• All time behind the wheel is driving
time• Must have 10 consecutive hours of
rest after 11 hours of driving time
11a
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) 14-hour rule • May not drive after the 14th
consecutive hour after coming on duty• Must have 10
consecutive hours of rest
11b
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying)carrying)60-hour/7-day and 70-hour/8-day limit • A driver cannot drive
after having been on duty for 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive days
11c
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying)carrying)• A driver may do non-driving work after
reaching the 60/70 hour limit, but the hours must be added to the total
11d
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) 34-hour restart• Any period of 7/8 days may end with
the start of a 34-hour off-duty period• Can only be used if 60/70-hour limit
has not been exceeded
11d
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Graph grid with a remarks section• Date• Total miles
driven today• Truck or
tractor and trailer number
11e
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Carrier’s name• 24-hour period
starting time• Driver’s signature/
certification• Main office address
11f
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Co-driver’s name
(if applicable)• Total hours in
each duty status
11g
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Shipping document number(s) or
shipper name and commodity
11h
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Log keeping responsibilities • Entries must be current • Entries must be
legible/in driver’s own handwriting
11i
Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record retention • Original record of duty
status must be submitted to the carrier within 13 days
• Keep a copy of each recordfor the previous 7consecutive days in your possession and available for inspection while on duty
• Carrier must keep records of duty status and all supporting documents for 6 months
11j
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) 10-hour driving rule • All time behind the wheel is driving
time• Must have 8
consecutive hours of rest after 10 hours driving time
12a
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) 15-hour on-duty rule • May not drive after being on duty 15
hours• Must have 8 consecutive hours of rest
12b
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) 60-hour/7-day and 70-hour/8-day limit • A driver cannot drive after having been on
duty for 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive days
• A driver may do non-driving work after reaching the limit, but the hours must be added to the total
12c
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Graph grid with a
remarks section• Date• Total miles driven
today• Truck or tractor
and trailer number
12d
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Carrier’s name• 24-hour period
starting time• Driver’s signature/
certification• Main office address
12e
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Co-driver’s name
(if applicable)• Total hours in each
duty status
12f
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Shipping document number(s) or
shipper name and commodity
12g
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Log keeping responsibilities • Entries must be current • Entries must be
legible/in driver’s own handwriting
12h
Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record retention • Original record of duty status must be
submitted to the carrier within 13 days • Keep a copy of each record
for the previous 7 consecutive days in your possession and availablefor inspection while on duty
• Carrier must keep records of duty status and all supporting documents for 6 months
12i
Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection
Protect you from retaliation if you :• Report a CMV safety
violation to FMCSA• Testify before FMCSA• Refuse to operate
an unsafe vehicle• Refuse to drive in
conditions that may cause injury or violate law
13a
Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection
• Prohibits your employer from discharging, disciplining, or discriminating in regard to pay, terms or privileges for taking any one of the following actions
13b
Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection
1. Filing a complaint related to the violation of a CMV safety regulation
2. Starting a proceeding related to a violation of a CMV regulation
3. Having testified in or testifying in the future in a proceeding related to a CMV safety violation
13c
Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection 4. Refusing to operate a CMV due to one
of the following reasons:• You would have violated a federal safety or
health regulation.• You believe you would have
seriously injured yourself or someone else had you operated an unsafe vehicle. You asked your employer to correct the unsafe condition, but your employer refused.
13d
Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection
If you make a CMV safety complaint and it results in any form of discrimination (termination, loss of seniority, undesirable reassignment, etc.) you can file a complaint with OSHA
13e
Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection
• OSHA will gather data and give your employer 20 days to respond
• Then, if OSHA believes the violation is valid they will continue to pursue the case until the situation is resolved
13f
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