eq: how does the nervous and endocrine systems help regulate conditions in the body?

EQ: How does the nervous and endocrine systems help regulate

conditions in the body?

Nervous and Endocrine Systems

The Body’s communication systems help maintain homeostasis.A stimulus causes a response

Responses can be chemical, cellular, or behavioral

The nervous and endocrine systems respond to stimuli

How Organ systems Communicate

The nervous system controls thought, movement, and emotion

The endocrine system controls growth , development and digestion.

Organ Communications

StructureBrain, spinal cord,

sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons

FunctionRegulates body’s

response to changes in internal and external environment, processes information

Nervous System

Neurons are highly specialized cellsThree parts

1. Cell body – has nucleus and organelles2. Dendrites – receive impulses3. Axon – carries impulses

Neurons

cell body

Three types of neurons Sensory neurons –

receive informationInterneurons –

relay information from sensory to motor neurons

Motor neurons – conduct impulses from the brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands

Neurons

An action potential is a moving electrical impulse but also has a chemical component.The electrical impulse moves along the axon till

it reaches a synapseA neurotransmitter is released in the synapse

where it then stimulates the next cellNeurotransmitter is a chemical signal between

nerve cells.

Nerve Impulse

neurotransmitter

Structure:Hypothalamus,

pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, testes.

Function:Influences growth,

development metabolism; helps maintain homeostasis

Endocrine System

The endocrine system produces hormones:Hormones influence a cell’s activities by

entering the cell or binding to its membraneHormones travel though circulatory systemTwo types –

Steroid hormones enter the cellNonsteroid hormones do not enter the cell

Hormones

The hypothalamus interacts with the nervous and endocrine systems.The hypothalamus is a gland found in the brainProduces releasing hormones sent to pituitary gland.

The pituitary gland is found below the hypothalamus in the brain.

Controls growth and water levels in blood; produces hormones sent throughout the body.

Feed-back Loops

Releasing hormones stimulate other glands to produce hormones.Allow glands to

communicate with one another

Are used in temperature regulation

Feed-back Loops

1. What is homeostasis?2. How does the skin help provide protection?3. How does the skin help maintain homeostasis?4. What are the functions of the:

IntegumentarySkeletalMuscularRespiratoryCirculatoryNervousEndocrine

5. What are the three types of muscle tissue and what are the characteristics of each?

Test Study Guide

6. What is the difference between ligaments and tendons?

7. How do the Respiratory and Circulatory system work together to help maintain homeostasis?

8. What are alveoli?9. How is breathing regulated?10.What are the 3 types of blood vessels and

what are their characteristics?11.What are the 3 types of neurons?12.How do neurons transfer information?13.What are hormones and what do they

influence?14. How do the hypothalamus and pituitary

gland regulate body temperature?