erelimlnary report on electromagnetic model studies f. c ... · the present curves show ' the...
Post on 22-Aug-2020
3 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
^r; -*»*
Erelimlnary report on electromagnetic model studies
F. C. Friachknecht and G. B. Mangan
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVET
Beleased to open files
This report and accompanying illustrations have not been edited or reviewed for con formity to Geological Survey standards or nomenclature.
Table of Contents
Page
Abstract^. . ............................................................. 5*
Introduction. ........................................................... k
Acknowledgment a . ............................................ f ........... li
no, ""'. VTneopy . *» * * » * * * * » * * . * * 5
Sllngrais and tmrani oetnods. * * \
and tecnnlo^ues. » . * «.» **«*«r« »* « o
» » « *
Results and conclusions. ........................................ % . ...... 10
Selected DiDlJLofprapny * * . .. » * »*. * 12
List of Illustrations
Page
Figure 1* Block diagram of equipment for slingram model experiments...... 8a
Figure, 2 to 6l. Slingram coils horizontal and co-planar..................
Figure 62 to 70. Slingram coils vertical and co-axial.................... o&& $£ £ Figure 73- to 72. Slingram coils vertical and co-planar................... .
'.-,-',-;,-.. -- ..- ". .;".';' '-,, *W
Figure 73. Slingram coils perpendicular.................................. .-g
Figure 7U- to 80. Turam coila horizontal.................. -v.............. %:*?
Preliminary report oa electromagnetic model studies
by
F. C. Frischknecht and G. B. Mangazx
Abstract .s.
More than. 70 response curves for various models have been, obtained
using the si Ingram and turam electromagnetic methods. Results show that for
the allngrfun method, horizontal co-planar coils are usually more sensitive than
vertical, co-axial or vertical, co-planar coils. The shape of the anomaly
usually is simpler for the vertical coils*
Introduction
Electromagnetic measurements furnish, a useful means of prospecting for
ore deposits and are becoming increasingly important for geologic mapping./
Results are usually interpreted by comparing the data with reference curves
established by previous experience or with curves obtained from model studies
in the laboratory, but few such curves have been published.
Since 1955, the U. S. Geological Survey has experimented with various\
types of electromagnetic methods in many areas. The present curves show '
the results of typical model studies undertaken for interpreting field
observations.
Some of the results were obtained by Friachknecht in the laboratories
of Geofysisk Malmleting, in Trondheim, Norway. The others were obtained*by
Frischknecht and Mangan in the Survey laboratories in Denver, Colorado.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank Geofysisk Malmleting, Trondheim, Norway for
the use of their model laboratory, and the staff of Geofysisk Malmleting
for their advice and assistance.
Theory
The conditions of electrodynamic similitude are veil known. (Sinclair,i
. If displacement currents can be neglected, as is usually permissible
in low-frequency prospecting, the only requirement for similitude is that2 the conductivity parameter, apai > shall have the same value in the model
and in the earth, that is,
< where:
or is the conductivity
[i is the magnetic permeability
co is the angular frequency
L is the length, of a- selected segment, and
index 1 refers to the field condition and '
index 2 refers to the model.
On the assumption that in both, cases, 1jhe magnetic permeability is the same
as that of free space, ( y.-^ » ̂ *2
l (0l *! * a 2
If the linear dimensions in the field are 1,000 times those in the model,
(L^ » 1,000 L2), then:
o 2 ̂ 2 * a 1 ̂ l ̂ "^
For a thin conducting sheet and low frequencies, the electromagnetic
response depends on the parameter at \i a>L (Wait, 1953 )i where t is the
thickness of the sheet and the other symbols have been defined. Within pro
per limits, a conducting sheet may be substituted for another if at is the
same for both.
For purely inductive electromagnetic methods where the primary field
is set-up non-galvanically, the effect of country rock and overburden is
often small. Most model studies, therefore, have been made using metallic
models placed in air. The conductivity of metallic ores covers a wide range
A reporesentative value -for sulphide ores might be taken as 100 mhos/meter t
(Parasnls, 1956). Tfce conductivity of aluminum, which is commonly used in
model experiments, is about 3. ̂ 5 x 10? mhos/meter or 3.^5 x Kr times that\
of ore. If the frequency used in the model studies is the same as that
used in the field, then the dimensions of an aluminum model should be ..i
l/(3.^5 x 105 )1' 2 or 1:590 that of the field situation. Scales of from
1:500 to 1:1,000 are convenient, and with the use of field frequencies in
the model studies some of the components used in the field can be utilized.
Sllngram and turam methods
The slingram method utilizes two, small, portable coils; one serves
as a transmitter and the other as a receiver (frrisithknecht, 1959) A refer
ence voltage is brought from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil
with a cable. The ratio of the mutual impedance between the two coils isv
the presence of the earth, to their mutual impedance in free space is measured
by finding the complex ratio between the1 voltage Induced in the receiving
coil anri the reference voltage. The coils are moved together at a fixed
separation which, in practice is usually between 100 and 300 feet. Commonly,
the coils are oriented so that they are co-planar and horizontal; however,
occasionally the coils are held in perpendicular, vertical, co-axial, or
co-planar positions. The field frequency ranges from 500 to 8,000 cycles
per second.
In the turam method, a long grounded wire or a large, horizontal, in
sulated loop is used as the transmitter (Frischknecht, 1959)- Tne field-... -
frequency ranges from 100 to 800 cycles per second. Measurements are made
along traverses at intervals of 25 to 100 feet using two small receiving
coils, the lagging coil being placed at the position previously occupied by
the leading coil. The complex ratio of the voltages induced in the two coils
is measured. The ratios measured in the field are normalized by dividing
by theoretical ratios calculated from free space considerations. When
significant anomalies occur in the ratios, the actual normalized fields are
calculated by beginning with a measured, or an assumed value, for the field
at a point near the cable, and successively multiplying this value by the
normalized ratios.
1
Equipment and techniques
The studies were made using a frequency of 500 cycles per second.
The ratiometer and amplifier (fig. l) were made by Geofysisk Malmleting
Figure 1. Block diagram of equipment for slingram model experiments.
for turam field measurements. The alingram and the turam receiving coils
had several hundred turns of copper wire wound on plastic fbrms about 1 cm
in diameter. The reference coil was wound on the same form as the trans
mitting coil. Because the coils had a Q of only 2 at the selected frequency,
they were not tuned. It was not necessary to use electrostatic shielding
around the coils, as would be required at higher frequencies or with larger
coils. For the turam measurements, the transmitting loop was a single turn
of wire in a 100 cm x 1JO cm rectangle.
Under good conditions, the ratiometer could be read to 0.1 percent but
interference from the ninth harmonic of the power line frequency usually
prevented reading closer than 0.2 percent. The drift of the instruments
was small and could usually be eliminated by resetting the zero before
each run. If the drift was not negligible, it was assumed to be linear
during the run and the readings were .adjusted accordingly. The greatest
instrumental error in the measurement is probably less than 0.5 percent,
with either aign, although larger errors may occur for large anomalies be
cause of errors in determining the positions of the models.
8
RATIOMETER
AMPLIFIER
OSCILLOSCOPE
REFERENCE COIL
RECEIVING COIL
OSCILLATOR
POWER AMPLIFIER
TRANSMITTING COIL
MODEL
Figure I. Block diagram of equipment for slingram model experiments
8a
Data
Some of the curves presented in this report represent a systematic attempt
to study horizontal sheets of various dimensions. Others represent attempts*
to reproduce conditions found in field measurements. Frequently, dimensions
were selected according to the materials at hand.
Most of the curves were obtained for the slingram method, but a few
were obtained for the turam. method. The turam. curves correspond to normalized
field curves. Most of the slingram curves are for horizontal, co-planar
coil arrangements and all of the turam curves were for horizontal coils.
Profiles were observed for at least three heights above most of the models.
Most of the profiles were made along traverses which pass over the midpoint
and are perpendicular to the longest dimensions of the model. For all of
the profiles taken in this fashion, an end view of the model is shown. For
profiles where the traverse did not pass over the midpoint or was not per
pendicular to the longest dimension of the model, a plan view of the model
and the position of the traverse are shown.
Thin sheets are described in terms of their two largest dimensions and
the product, at, which has the dimensions of mhos and which was actually
measured in the laboratory. For the other models, all dimensions are speci
fied and no attempt was made to measure their conductivity.
47759
h-
Z
LJ OocCO
f-
ZLLfZ
O
CLsO
OuCOCL s
0
100
90
~- h = I c mh= I cm
-12
0
cmS
heet
ST
Om
ho
s IZ
O cm
x
30cm
Coil
separa
tion = 10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy
=5
00
c.p
.s.
100-10
UJ
OccUJ
CLCOUJ
z.OCL
^O
OIL) CO<Xa_LL OO
GU
20i r-; c
1510
010
30
2520
1510
0f53"*5**
*5Jt ??,
J^
|r^
/ , ^. s \ |!' fj
g %
^T*1^
v \? *O
R.IZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PLA
NA
R15
CM
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS^ IN PE.RCENT
CD
m
o o
o
ro ui
o
ro O
ro O
en
o
m o 5 2.
- c <*
Mo; oO =»O u
P O P o
ro oo 3
COsrCD CT>
O)~sl
O
3 :T oCO
O o 3
(X)o
<£> O
OO o o
enCD :
OO!O
Iro O
JL O
O ro O
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS. IN PERCENT
47759
6Q
4 sh
ee
ts, 67
0 m
hos 120 x 3
0cm
each plus
4 sh
ee
ts, 67
0 m
hos 5
0 x
30 cm
ea
ch
12
0 a
50cm
Coil
separa
tion = 10 cm
F
req
ue
ncy = 5
00 c.p
.s.
20-50
-60
JC
M
25 20
15 10
5
^E r
SL
ING
RA
M
010
1520
2015
1010
D C
O-P
LA
NA
R
15 C
M
o
en
en
O
o
no oo
Olo
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENTa> H GO us oo o o o o o o
ro O
O
en
O
O
01
o
POO o
s« 0
cn ^. O oO 3
9 1p Ow o
3
ia^ o
--4-^cn CD
o o oiro o
J. o
o o ro o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN -PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
4 01 CD
O
OUT -OF- PHASE COfvlPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
IN -PHASE
en
O
V
O
en
o
ro O °o
I
in
cn
ro O
o
01o o o O O
COMPONENTS ̂CD CO O O
IN PERCENTo o o
fN)o
04o
01 CD
a> o
cno o
104o
ro O o
o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
Coil
separa
tion-1
0 cm
F
requency = S
OO
c.p.s.
100cm
_
100 cm_
100 cm
sheet 7,0
00 m
hos, 100cm x 5
0 cm
sheet
7,0
00m
hos, 1
20cm
x50 cm
sheet 7,0
00m
hos, 120 cm
x50 cm
100cm
100cm100 cm
20 20
15 10
CO
-PL
AN
AR
IN - PHASE COMPONENTS PERCENT
o
cnCD
O O
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS. IN PERCENT
UJ
o£T U
Ja
no
2:oa. 100 ^
o
oUJ 9
0
X
Q_
L8
^ h
= 1cm
4 S
heets
580 m
hos
20cm
x
30cm
e
ach
Coil
separa
tion
= 10cm
F
req
ue
ncy =
500^c
.p.s
.
h-
10 ICC U
Ja.
0 f:h-OG
,
-20
-30
-40
UJ
COu_ OO
CM
25 20
15
FIG
UR
E
1010
5 0
SL
ING
RA
10 15
15 10
010
15 20
25 CM
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
AN
D
CO
-PLA
NA
R
HZ
UJ
Oa.
z00
zZ
QH
o
~LQ
_
10
100
o
oUJ
COXa.12
80
70-
;__
60
cm
! S
he
et
7000 m
hos
!5cm
x
50
cm
Sh
ee
t 7
00
0rT
iho
s !2
0crn
xS
Ocm
1
60
cm
>
10.3 cm
J.
60cm
60cm
Co
il se
pa
ratio
n
=IO
cm
Fre
qu
en
cy
=500
c.p.s.
10
h-
0
LiJo<rU
Ja.
-10-ztoH
-
-20
-30
\ /CL
OUJ
CO
-40
u_OiHO
Q
-60
CM
15
100
1015
20
2520
1510
010
FIG
UR
E
// S
LC
OIL
S
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
A20
CM
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o 2
co o
o o o
ro o
c ;o rn
V
(/) 01r~
o
op* oO)
o
Npg
I PO I 01
>O o
o o Ol
01
Ol
ro oo
n o « o
TJ
n01Ooo
TJ O o3
o> oo3
CD O o3
o3
cn o oB
o '<jjo3
CO rr
O O O3ITo
ro oo 3
01 O o3
COrr
-siO O O
3 rr o
O o3X
01 O o 3
<*,
enCD
OJ O o o
o o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN
O
PERCENT
CMO
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
o o o
"T| 3=~* ro
ro
o
Nl _O <*z:H> 5
01
O O
rj 13 o o
tn
o
O
CO
-si
O O O
3 ir o
ro oo3
01 O o3
O o3
cr> O oB
oo3
oo 3
pOJ o 3
CO zr CD(D
O OO
Brr o
o B
en oo B
OJ
rr iio 3
CD
OO o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN- PHASE COMPONENTS. IN PERCENT
o
m
5L
O
ynttaftilr
o
C/)
H
o c? o
I
o
ro oo
-n o-n O<o ~
JD«= «»<t> »=3 XJ
5 Sn O
01 ITO oO =3
l/> °o3
a> o o
o o o o
o
o 3
HCD O o 3
rr a>CD
O O
i\i o
o
Od"
Oo3
O o3
oo3
O O O3zr O in
o 3
01 O o 3
orr
4OT
OJo ro
o o oOJo
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
to o
o o o
m
'As
6
o
o
o
COrr
oc
O
o3
o o3
No z:H
>«,
Oo
o o
I 01
r
4£~-~ 'y'
OJ o3
m o-< o
O CD 3 X> O Q *< -i
OII _
O _
"0 O
cnCD
o oo o
OUT-QF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o o o
T|rocn
m
C-.
r~
O Or~CO
o
ooi
O
cn
O
O
O
o wEErsi a o z:H 6
Ol
JD C
o o
O) <D
O
2 5n O
cn :r.o oo =>
ito
o « 3
en O
O o3
CD O o3
COrrCD
O Oa
if
oo 3
O o3
O o3
O o3
p OJ- o3
cn o3
O o3o> o orr
OJ
OU
o o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN - PH A SE COMPONENTS o
IN PERCENT
ro O
O
O
en
r~CO 6
en
| o
>[-
O «
OI
O 5r > *ry _«£~- en
>ro o
ro en
o
C CD
o *<
O O
t/i
"O
O
n Oen -* O o O => p n pin
O3
O
O o3
CO IT<t> <0
S ° 3 o
3 or o
v ro O o3Xen
O o3
oo3
oO4 o3
enoo3
C£!
roo
oo o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
UJ
oCC U
Ja.DO '
5
UJOo
oUJ
oo
110
too
0-t z.
T~
2.9
cm
2.4
cm4-
5.8 cm
60cm
50cm
50
cm
i S
heet
670rn
hos
120cm
x 3
0cm
60cm
>
-s --
60cm
^S
heets
6
70
mhos
50
cm
x
30cm
each
50cm
--->
.««;-____-_
50
cm
S
heets
67
0m
ho
s
100cm
x
30cm
e
ach
50cm
*
-«_
.-_
50
cm
- 60cm
i Sheet
70
00
mhos
120cm x3
0cm
4
*
60cm
*
- 60 cm
= 1 cm
60cm
*-
50 cm
~
**
50cm
-*
60cm -
Coil
se
pa
ratio
n
= 10cm
F
req
ue
ncy
= 500
c.p.s.
100
LJ
O
CC U
J G
L
COh- ;zU
J^oQL ^OuLJ
Xa. iu_ o
CM 2
20
,15
100
10
FIG
UR
EIL
-
15 15
10 5
0
OR
IZO
NT
AL
AN
D5
10 15
CO
-PLA
NA
R2
02
5
CM
.
47759
2!
LJo(X
120
noL
U2:OOL1100oU
Jc/>I
9° o.!
2.9cm
2.4
cm
5.8 cm
- 60 cm
50cm
50cm
Sh
ee
t 6
70
mh
os
12
0cm
x 3
0cm
i
60
cm - >
<-
.4S
he
ets
670m
hos
50
crn
x
30cm
e
ach
50cm
- >
50 cm
- =
-
I S
he
et
TO
OO
mh
os
120cm
x 5
0cm
60cm
50cm
-
5
0cm
-
60
cm6
0cm
----
' - 60cm
= icm
60cm50cm
50 cm
60cm
--- >
Co
il se p
ara
tion
= 10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy = 5
00
c.p
.s.
2010
0iO
H- zU
Ju
a:U
Jo.H- zLU ~ZL
O
CL
2O
UUJ
XCLtu_oID
O
CM 25
20 15
10 5
FIG
UR
E
/? S
LIN
G0
5 10
15 15
10 5
05
10
15 20
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
A
ND
C
O-P
LA
NA
R25
CM
i i i r
(f)I ^U
Jo
MO
o
o100
UJ
to '
<xCL
60cm
-* 60 cm
2 S
heets
670m
hos
120cm x
30cm
each
60cm
>
60
cm60 cm
4 S
heets
67
0m
ho
s 50cm
x 30cm
e
ach6
0c
-50
cm
1 5
0cm
*
'= S
0cra
*
L
Sheet
670m
hos
120cm
x 30cm
60 cm
- 60 cm
60
cm
-
I Sheet
70
00
mhos
120 cm
x 50cm
Coi I
se
pa
ratio
n
= 10 cm
Fre
quency = 5
00
c.p
.s.
20
i- zzLU Oo:U
Ja.COU
JiO
2!
O
CL
0 10
o
oo_I
L-
o4t-
-=>
c
CM
2
520
1510
010
1515
100
1015
20
FIG
UR
ES
LIN
GR
A25
CM
CO
IL
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PLA
NA
R
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
T|ro en
O
c
m
CO o
O o3
ien O o 3
O
o
N O
H
en
o
en
O
o
o o
o
zJ>
ro o
01
o s:
CD O r>3
CO rr
O Oo3 rr o
no O o 3X
01 O o 3
O)oo3
O
Cft) </)
O n
" 001 ^. O oO 3
n pP 6{/> O
3
cr> oo 3
ooB
C/)-y,
rt> <* ^ rr, <*O ^ . Ul _».
o> O
£! ° en 3 CD 3 ->i~>i o BIT O W
cn O o B
OI 3I =rI oI w
y _ ro O o 3
O o3
inCD
r>
O o
OUT- OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o c:t>mvV
o o
C/)
o
> 3D
o s
O)
o
O) 0.
r;Z
01
o
o
01
o2
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS^ IN PERCENT
09 (jD 5 O O O O
CO rr
O 00
o3
O o 3 xCMoo 3
cnCD
ZJ O
o o
M O
Ol -,o oo *_ I!
U)O o 3
ro o o
o o
OUT-OF- PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT»<x
ID SCD
O
O
O
o
o
> _... o
o
o
Ul
o
o
p ~b coCO ^r (DO *
3X >
ao 3
O o 3
in o 5 2.
JQ
C
rt>O
8§
o 3
IN - PH ASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
Ol CD
irv> o O o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
47759
2
LJ 0o:bJCL
0
iOO
CO
z:LUz
90
oQ_
OOId 00<X
Q_
70
h = i cm
Sh
ee
t A
I. .08! cm
x
30
cm
x
20cm
30
Coil
separa
tion = 10 cm
F
req
ue
ncy = 5
00 c.p.s.
H
ZLU Oo:
10 LU o.
0-10
-20
LU
ZOa.oUJenCL u_
oh- 13 o
CM
J5
10
FIG
UR
E5
05
SLIN
GR
A10
15 20
20 15
10 5
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
A
ND
C
O-P
LA
NA
R10
15 CM
o
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENTj
O
CD O
CDO
O O O
V
|J*3tt«(*
o
O
O«p&*3k.
°ro3
o ooo 3
o
O
O o3
oo 3
cnCO
en
O
O
n o-i o
o
II
C71Ooo _ -b Oc/> 2. .j
n
01
o
O O Oo o o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENTj
IN- PHASE
o S
en
O
COMPONENTS MMCO CO Oo o o
PERCENT
o
o
o
en
en o3
o00 o 3
O o 3
O o 3
-n o « o
=> T> O Q
° 2o 3o Jl-b O
en
o£'OJo
ro o o
o o no O
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN - PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
CD O O
Oo o
V̂<?
CO
d.p,a**»
O
O
O
O
_
O 00
o 3
oo
N O 2H >
O o3xOJ O o 3'
Oo
I "D
r
3J o
en
en
o
5
p T>
O o 3
cnCD
ro O o
o o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS^ IN PERCENT
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENTO)o
C£> O
O O O
O cSc33mV
O O««m»«**»
CO
o EENO N)
O
ZHf-
o
8sI
>2)6
O
01
O
Olo3
JL.
roO) rr o>
O 00
o3
O o3
OJ O o3
-n o ^ o<D
a w o ^~
'« aCJl -* o 5' o =>o it
t 5O
3
-si
en o>
O OO o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN
O
PERCENT
47759
UJ"n
oU
J D
.
00
UJ
§9
0
So
o£8
0h= I cm
h=l cm
2010
0
UJ
UJ
Q_
COi-2UJ ^
Oa. s
o
ox
a.iu_ 20 o13
O
5cm
3 S
heets A
l. .0
81cm
x
10cm
x 30cm
Goil
separa
tion = 10cm
F
requency = 5
00
c.p.s.
CM
15
F10
0
SLIN
GR
A5
10 15
CO
ILS
20 15
10
AN
D
CO
-PLA
NA
Ro
1015
CM
~n 2*n««w
O ,__ 01
e^3rn
CO
o
Oo
N
oO i
;o
o
o
en
O
-n o-« o.a c
O)
o-no
o
II01 ?O gO o -b Oc/> o 3
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN
CO
O 00
O3
oo3X
OJ O o3
o00o O
CJ1CD
Oro o o
o o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
Z!G> ui
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o00o o
o o o
O
o
Orr CD
o00
o 3
O o 3
OJoo 3
-P*
enCD
o*<iit* OopT>
o
10
TOo-*
o
o
O o3
OJo
ro o o o
OUT-PHASE COMPONENTS IN
O
PERCENT
I J
vJ
t-z:UJ
oUJ
0.
12010
100
^
90
h-2UJ
2
Oo- 80
5
O
oLJ
oo<X
CL
5
6050
2cm
cm
Sh
ee
t A
l.
0.0
81
cm
x 2
0cm
x
74.8
cm
Co
il se
pa
ratio
n = 10 cm
F
req
ue
ncy
=5
00c.p
,s.
2!
UJ
Occ 10
£
0-20
-30
UJ
2: o
a.s
o
uUJ
x
a.u.o
CM
40
30
20
00
1020
FIG
UR
Ei%
ia \
l
i -J
/% r°\
i\ ^ j
;*s 'W /\ »
ll
30
40
40
30
20
10
0
10 20
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D ' C
O - P
LA
NA
R
30
40
C
M
IN-PHASE COMPONENT, IN PERCENT
~n «. .
CD C
mu>
C/)
CD
O Or~
X
oHr~
u
o
OJ
O
O
a
o
ro o
OJo
o
o
ro o
O oO-b r °> 2:> o
ro L..,.
O
O
-n o-» o
C fl)
O0>
Q
8i
o3
Ob
o3
OO
3
00 o3
en o
-j o
CO O
COO
Oo o
ro o
tCM O o o
o o
01CD
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENT^ IN PERCENT
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS. IN PERCENT
o T| 2
O o^
33TO
u-1:
</>JM»,**«a»
o
Ol
o
On
o
tW*JB
o
o o
I "O
o 2
en O
0) O O
00 O O
Oo o
rr o> o>
Ogoo 3
O o3
OJoo3
"TJ O-» oCO ^3
c wCt> ....
II
OJo oo
o -iQ
O O
3
OCMo
Iroo
oo o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
o
jenCO
ro o o - o
OUT-OF- PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT/
47759
,_ 120
|
2LUoo:a
110
I-
IZ
OO.
5OOLU07
I00~
"
90
SO
70
cm
i S
heet
Al. 0
.081 cm
x 20cm
x 4
0 cm
dip
pin
g
ve
rtica
lly
Tra
verse
rave
rse
Co
il se
pa
ratio
n
= 10cm
Fre
quency r 5
00 c.p.s.
100
£2LU
2,
OCL
s
oO
-20
CM
20
1510
010
1520
20
1510
010
152
0
CM
FIG
UR
ES
LisNG
RA
CO
ILS
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
47759
UJ
o
crUJ
Q.
2UJ 2
O
Q.
2
O
OLJ
CO<xQ.
1200
00
90
80
70
I S
heet A
l. 0
.08
! cm
x
20
cm
x
74
.8cm
d
ipp
ing
vertic
ally
Tra
verse
Tra
verse
Coil
separa
tion
= 10 cm
Fre
quency = 5
00 c.p
.s.
10010
-20
z:UJ
oa:UJ
Q_
h-z:UJ
z:oQ_
2
O
OXCLiu_
OID
O
CM
40
3020
100
102
030
40
40
30
2010
010
2030
40
C
M
FIG
UR
E
3? S
LC
OIL
S
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
1*7759
I S
he
et
A I.
0.0
81
cm
x 20 cm
x
40cm
d
ipp
ing
vertic
ally
Tra
vers
e
\ cm
Tra
verse
00-10
Co
il se
para
tion = 10 cm
F
requency = 5
00
c.p.s.
CM
2
015
100
1015
2020
1510
O10
20
CM
FIG
UR
E
28 SL
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
AN
D
CO
-PLA
NA
R
1 S
he
et
A I.
0.0
81cm
x 2
0cm
x70.8
cm
dip
pin
g
vertic
ally
Coil
sep
ara
tion
=
10 cm
Fre
quency =
50
0 c.p
.s.
010
2030
40
CM
CM
4
0
FIG
UR
ELS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
AN
D
CO
-PLA
NA
R
IN - PHASE COMPONENT^, IN PERCENT
o2
Jfr O
o
O
O
Q
01O o o
CD o o
o o o
o
roo
r 8
o13
X o
o 2N °o
OJo
O
3> o ^J
OJo
o
o
JQ
'
oO
O §O 3o 1-p O</) r>
Oi CD
i O4O
1fo O
I
oo o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENT^IN PERCENT
47759
2 no
zUJ
2
oCL2
O
OUJ
00
90
0_, 8
04
Sh
ee
ts A
I. 0.0
81cm
x
20
cm
x
64
.1cm
dip
pin
g ve
rtica
lly
Tra
verse
Coil
sep
ara
tion
=10 cm
Frequency =
50
0 c.p.s.
2UJ
OcrUJ
a.
10020
LJ
2S! O
C
L
O
OUJ
00
X
CL
O Ih-
15 O
CM
4
03
020
100
102
03
040
40
3020
100
1020
304
0
CM
FIG
UR
E
*/ S
LIN
GR
AM
C
OIL
S
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
47759
2LU OocUa-
120
2LJ
LU
CO<cTa! >2
oh-
o
a,58 !°o9
0
cm3 cm
4 S
he
ets
AS. 0.0
81
cm x
20
cm
x 64.1
cmdip
pin
g
vertic
ally
Tra
verse
Coil
separa
tion =10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy =5
00
c.p,s.
100-10
CM
40
30
2010
010
20
30
40
40
3020
100
1020
30
40
CM
;.?-LS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
A
ND
C
O-P
LA
NA
R
47759
z:UJ
ocrUJ
CL
UJ
z:oo
oUJ
en <xG
.
14
0
30
200
00
90
cm
I cm
3020
h-
10
0
-10
4 S
he
ets
Ai.
0.0
81
cm x 2
0cm
x 64.1
cm
dip
pin
g
ve
rtica
lly
Tra
vers
eT
rave
rse
Co
il separa
tion «
10 cm
Fre
quency = 5
00 c.p
.s.
CM
40
30
20
100
1020
30
40
40
3020
100
1020
30
40
CM
FIG
UR
ES
i I a
I f* o
A
I
I i\l f-3 f*"c
£l
L- i I \
\J I \ rn
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
A
ND
C
O-P
LA
NA
R
i>77rti
«T
j I
V U
UJ o
ccUJ
Q.
zIdZ
O
Q.
2OOUJ
CO<Xa.
4
Sh
ee
ts A
l. 0.081 cm
x
20cm
x 64
.1cm
d
ipp
ing
vertic
ally
toil
separa
tion =
10 cm
Fre
quency =
SO
Oc.p.s.
5040
LU30
?
20100
CM
40
30
20
10 0
FIG
UR
E
1020
3040
40
30
20
10
L
AN
D
0
10 20
30
CO
-PLA
NA
R
40
CM
47759
UJ
ocrUJ
a.2
160
!50
140
2
LJ
1
130
OoUJ
CO2
00
SOO
SO'
4
Sh
ee
ts A
I. 0
.08
1
cm
x 2
0cm
x
64
.1
cm
dip
pin
g
ve
rtica
lly
Tra
verse
90'
Tra
verse
6050
40
h-2!
UJ
OccUJ
CL
iz.UJ
30
£
5O
O
20
£XQ_i
io b-
IU o}-
o
3cm
Coil
separa
tion
= 10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy = 500
c.p.s.
CM
4
030
20
100
1020
30
40
40
3020
100
1020
30
40
CM
F1
GU
RF
CO
ILS
. HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
47759
LUO
QL5OuUJXCL
7060
Sheet
Al.
0.0
8!
cm
x 20cm
x
74.8
cm
dip
pin
g45°
Tra
ve
rse
Co
il separa
tion -
10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy =
50
0c.p
.s.
10 gCCU
Ja.
0
UU
-io 2
20
*-^
30
O
OxGuID
O
CM
4
0
30
20
FIG
UR
E
^ *10
010
2030
40
40
30
2010
010
20
30
40
CM
ZO
NT
AL
A
ND
C
O-P
LA
NA
R
47759
70
Tra
verse
I S
he
et
Al.
0,0
8! cm
x
20cm
x
74
.8cm
dip
pin
g
45
°
Tra
verse
Co
il se
pa
ratio
n
= 10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy =5
00
c.p
,s.
h- zU
J Ocr
20
^
^u
o_
100-10
UJ
-z.Oa. sO
OU
J
Xa.u. -2
0
?Z)
O
CM
4
030
2010
010
203
04
04
03
020
100
1020
304
0
CM
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
47759
OcrUJ
CL
0
S
100
2
OOuCO
90
80
cm
Tra
verse
I S
heet A
l. 0.0
81cm
x
20cm
x
74
.8cm
dip
pin
g
45
°
Tra
verse
Co
il se
pa
ratio
n = 10cm
Fre
qu
en
cy = 50
0 c.p. s.
20100-10
h-zUJ
Ua:UJ
CL2UJ
z:oCL
OoUJ
C/)
XCLiu_
-20
oID
O
20
100
102
0
30
CO
ILS
40
40
30
20
10
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D0
10 20
30
CO
-PL
AN
AR
40
C
M
IN - PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
o
OJo
O
O
O
O
ro o
OJo
H
o
o
o
ro o
o
o
o
OJo
o o
cn CD
ro O
J. O
O o ro o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
H7759
1200
Z
UJ
UJ
90
!
*£.Oo,
80
OoLUCO<X
QL-
60
50
cm
t B
ar
Ai.
3.81 cm
x 10.2 cm
x
104.2 cm
Coil
sep
ara
tion
= 10cm
Fre
qu
en
cy3 5
00 c.p
.s.
10 £
0
CM
20
150
010
1520
20
1510
010
1520
CM
FlfiU
RF
SLIN
GR
AM
C
OILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
47759
a. 701
o
otu en<X
O
.
50
4030
I B
ar A
l. 3.8cm
x 10.3cm
x 104.2cm
dipping
vertically
Traverse
1cm
Tra
verse
Coil
separatio
n
= 10cm
Frequency = 5
00
c.p.s.
UJ
o
ccyj
D_
0-10
-20
ua zoa. SO
OU
J
xa.iu_ Oo
CM
2015
100
1015
20
20
1510
010
20
CM
r\rn
ns
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
IN - PHASE COMPONENTS PERCENT
enOD
o
OUT - OF - PHASE COMPONENT*, IN PERCENT
47759 .
o
1005
cm
2 cm
5cm
3cm
2cm
cm
3 cm
\ cm
1 Bar
Al. 3.8 cm
x
10.3 cm
x 104.2 cm
dip
pin
g
ve
rtica
lly
i Tra
ve
rse
Coil
separatio
n =10 cm
F
requency = 500 c p.s.
100-10
-20
o
ccUJ
a,H
2UJ
"Z.oCu5OoU
J 00<X£Liu, OID O
CM
60
200
20
40
60
80
80
6040
20
020
40
60
CM
r~ i f** \ i n cr
r I (iIJ
Rr
I7O
NT
AI
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
IN-PHASE COMPONENT^, IN PERCENT
m
eoMul
o
o o br~
o
o
O
ro o
O
ro o
o
o
o o o
roo o O
m
CO o
O
N O
> O> Or~
ro o
ro o
o
o o
-n o~* o.Q C05 <A
O "O
O o ° -^ O
o 3
o 3
S ro r. o
UD
O)
H ^ 03 o
- 3
o 3
ro o3
H o
OJ o 3
ro o 3
cn CD
5 o
OUT -OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
477 5 9
h-
2UJ
OcrUJ
a.2
UJ
2OQ_
2
O
OUJ
00
4030
200
00
I cm
2cm
3 cm
/"5cm
crn
2cm
3cm
5cm
100
iOH
t2
cm
Tra
verse
i B
ar
A!.
3.8
cm x
10.3 crn x
104.2 cm
dip
pin
g
vertic
ally
Co
il separa
tion =10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy =500 c.p
.s.
10
tu_ oiH
Z> O
CM
60
40
20
02
04
06
080
80
60
40
200
204
060
CM
FIG
UR
E
sf
SL
i B
lock
lead
5.1 cm
x
10.2 cm x
20.3
Coi,l
separa
tion=
lO cm
F
requency = 5
00 c.p.s.
10
z:UJ
o
a:UJ
CLh-
0
kJz: oQ
_
O/ "N
UJ
01
-20
iu- oO
CM
20
SO0
FIG
UR
ES
i I M
O
LlN
b
5 10
15 20
20 15
10 5
0 5
10
1 C
OILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
A
ND
C
O-P
LA
NA
R15
20
CM
IN- PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
O
O
O
ro O
ro O
> zO o
o
O
Os
i
x
proo3
ro pOJ
o3
CD
o
CO
-n o
Cn> n o O
(Jl -
8!o o ° ow 3
CDa O
Oo o
cn CD
O
i
Oo o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN- PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
,»»»*< '
en
O
O
ro o
N O
Hro o
f Ol
o _o
o o
« en"0r~>o
-no-i O<t> *jQ "~
C fl> «»z, «>
en
O ? 3
J cnCD
OO
O
OUT-OF- PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
2UJ
oCL
22UJ
2
OoLJ
C/5
CL
10
0
30
47753
Coil
seporo
tion = IO
cm
Fre
quency = 5
00 c.p
.s.
10.5 cmI
Tru
nca
ted
cone A
l
8.5 cm
CM
2015
100
1015
20
20
1510
010
1520
CM
FIG
UR
ES
LIN
GR
AM
C
OIL
S
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
oc
CO
CD < »
Oen
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENTJ
roen 4^ o 3
O OOO O
a
OJ o 3
CJ1 CD
OO 5
TJ r a.
3> o
O
-n o-n O
-I <»
Sin D
ifp -o ^
IOJ
Oo o
OUT-OF PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
17759
r-Jj 120
crLJ00
LJOC_
O
OX
G-
10-
100
9080
I R
ecta
ngula
r lo
op ^
12
Cu, w
ire
30cm
x
20cm
Coi I
se
pa
rati on
= 10 cm
Fre
quency =
50
0
c.p.s.
30
H-z
uiOcr
20 S!
}0 2LUOCL2
O
OL
J
-10 <xQ
-
0-20Oh
- Z
) O
CM
2
015
100
1015
20
2015
FIG
UR
E
*/ S
LC
OILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
10 5
0
5 10
AN
D
CO
-PL
AN
AR
1520
47759
!2Qi-
2!
Ui
**~ it
r\ O
''U
O
OUJ
<LOiO
O
CL12
h=
2
4-
4
she
ets, 6
70 m
hos
S20
x 30
cm
ea
ch
-
120 cm-
120cm
Coil
separa
tion = 10 cm
F
req
ue
ncy-
50
0 c.p
.s.
UJ
OCL
2!
20
LU
iOg2
O
O
0co0
_
U.
oo
CM
25
20 15
FIG
UR
E ^
SL
100
5 10
15 20
25 20
15 10
CO
-AX
IAL
o10
CM
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS, It-4 PERCENT
o
en
roO
o
o
U1
o 8
ro O
-n o
OO
O n 3
O
O2
ro o
01 on3
to
O> ->l O3IT O
oX
OJ O o 3
o o rr o^
c
o> fl>w
01->J O
3
? wC71
O o 3> 5-
O o3
o o o
ro O o
00
onCD
i
Oo o o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN
o PERCENT
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
-si
en CD
OUT-Of- PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
47759
190
80
170H
- Z
uJ o£
16
0Q
L
150COzU
J
o 140
CLooLUX
30
120
iSO
h
100
90
210
20
0
190
i S
heet
Al.
.08
1cm
x2
0cm
x3
0cm
Coil
se
pa
ratio
n
= IOcm
F
req
ue
ncy
* 5
00
c.p
.s,
50
4030
20
h-
zUJUJ
a.GO
o
a.2
O
uUJ
CO
10 QL tu. o1
o ^ o
r M
100
iO15
2025
2520
1510
010
15 CM
FIG
UR
ES
LIN
GR
AC
OIL
S
VE
RT
ICA
L
AN
D
CO
-AX
IAL
47759
2
UJ
OcrUJ
z
110
H-
Oi
o
oCO<X£L
iOO90h
I S
he
et
A!
.081 cm
x 30 cm
x
20
cm
30
Coil
separa
tion = !0
cm
Fre
quency * 5
00 c.p s.
100-10
h-
2
UJ
oQl
UJ
a.coLU2
O
CLS
OoUl
Xa.\u_ O
t
H
=)
O
CM
15
100
1015
20
FIG
UR
ES
LIN
GR
AM
C
OIL
S
VE
RT
ICA
L20
15
CO
-AX
IAL
10o
1015
CM
47753
50
uJH' 140
zv- 130
zUJ
oO
O
20
UJ
oo n
o
-
100
n
cmI S
heet
Al,
0.0
81
cm
x
20 cm
x
74.8
cm
30°
3 cm
Coil
separa
tion = 10 cm
Fre
qu
en
cy r 500
cp.s.
Z
UJ
o4°
£o.
30H
-
ZLJ
20 a.o
o
10 uj
0
XQ-sU,
Oo
CM
40
3020
iO0
iO20
304
04
0
3020
100
1020
30
40
CM
FIG
UR
E
17 S
LLS
V
ER
TIC
AL
A
ND
C
O-A
.XIA
L
47759
r^
20100-10
I B
lock
lead
5.1 cm
x 10.2
cm
x 20.3
cm
Coil
separa
tion
2 10 cm
Fre
quency = 5
00 c.p
.s.
CM
2
0
15 10
5
FIG
UR
E
&*
SL
010
1520
20
1510
010
152
0
CM
CO
ILS
VE
RT
ICA
L
AN
D
CO
-AX
IAL
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
"TJ o
^-^ roCD o C
rn
o
CO
o
OoI C/)
m 33 I ro _; o
or-8
o
o o
X>o MM**
en
en
ro Oo
oo o o
no o
04o
Jf*o
en O
o
6.9cm
o
rt)
II Q
en o °°^p _"O O
Crt O
1"T
o 3
1
CD
O O
en
o3
enCD
OO O
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS SN PERCENT
"TJ
c
mM <5
COr~
o
^
o or~ co
o
01
o
01
o
o
o o
1 5
>
X
>o
o
o s
~n o"« o o> .
cCD (ft
O "O
» Ien IT.O oO ^p «
~ Oin o
3
O
CL
CD
°
o 3
x ro
o 3
ro
O
3
IN- PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT(£» O
CD
OO o
OUT-OF- PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN- HASE COM RON E NTS !N PERCFT N T
m
GO
o
en
o
Cn
O
O
Ul
ro O
01 O o 3
or~ ro
O
o o
I
TJ
> oz:
en
o 2
~n o -* o
en oo =>o 0 o
"P o
c/> 3
-si
en cr>
o o ro o
OUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN-PHASE: COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
oO O O o
m
fttMUM*
O
*H«MM
o
o
o
Oi
r 6,9 cm ~H
"Nl
o 3
~T
OJ o 3
o o yc
cn^ o3
O> r~
o
OO o
I
TJ
z
01
ct>-Q C
o «<
II
o o
Q »
D
O OO ^
rip __ O O
</> O
00
onCD
ro
OJ
OJ
o
en
O2
oo o
OUT-OF- PHASE COMPONENTS^ IN PERCENT
IN-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
o
roUl
ro O
0
o
o
ro oo 3
CO rr
O 3IT O CO
oo 3
ro o
ro O
CJ1
o
oi
O
O O
</> <t> <t>=» -o5.5
It Om =r. ooo =!
p oo 3
OJoo 3
o> o o or
rooo 3
C71CD
oi wo ° b 6 oOUT-OF-PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
ro o
01 o
47759
50
107
58
085
I S
heet
A I. .0
81cm
x
20
cm
x
30
cm
,/ri^T
ran
sm
itti ng lo
op
Tra
ve
rse
Fre
quency =
50
0c.p
,s.
30
2010o
ocrUJ
a.
-20
2
O
Q.
58COLL. O
-30o
-40
M
50 55
60
65
FIG
UR
E
74 T
70
75
8
0
85
9
0
95
100
70
7
5
DIS
TA
NC
E
FR
OM
E
DG
E
OF
T
RA
NS
MIT
TIN
G
LO
OP
80
85
90
95
CO
ILS
H
OR
IZO
NT
AL
100 C
M
17759
LU O
CC LiJC
_10
f-2
UJ
2OCL5
90
OoCL
80
70
h = IcmSh
ee
t A
l. ,0
70
cm
x
10
cm
x3
0cm
h= I cm
100cm
h-
ieoO
h-
i
itting
loop
Tro
ve
rs e
Fre
quency =
50
0c.p
.s,
20«00
H
2UJ
LU
CL
-20
h-2
UJ
2O
CL
SOo
-30
oJo
CM
253
03
540
45
FIG
UR
ET
50
55
60
20
25
30
DIS
TA
NC
E
FR
OM
E
DG
E
OF
T
RA
NS
MIT
TIN
G
LOO
P
VI C
OIL
S
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
35
40
45
50
55
C
M
47759
h-
2
LU O
*vU
JCL
no
u
;zlO
Goo
oLU
0.
90;
h= i cm
' 2L
J O
£T
U
J 10
CL
0-10
2UJ
2T Oa. s
oU1xCL
45
'
Sheet
Al.
.070cm
x
I0cm
x30cm
I 100cm
k-
TE
oO
'Tra
nsm
itting
loo
p
Tra
vers
e
Fre
qu
en
cy = 5
00
c.p.s.
CM
25
3035
40
50
55
60
DIS
TA
NC
E
FR
O20
25 3
0E
DG
E
OF
T
RA
NS
MIT
TIN
G
LO
OP
35
40
45
55 CM
! 77r9
0
g
1005o
ouj 90
iz:
Sheet
AL
.0
70
cm
x
10
cm
x
30
cm
5 Ic m
T6
oOh-
I
100 cm
Tra
nsm
itting
loo
p
Tra
v e rse
Fre
quency =
500c.p
.s.
HOIT
lil Q
.
10 err
z: LU2
o |O
HO
UJa. $U
L Oh-
Z? O
CM
5
1020
FIG
UR
E
17 T
I
30
35
10 D
IST
AN
CE
F
RO
M
ED
GE
O
F
TR
AN
SM
ITT
ING
LO
OP
! C
OIL
S
HO
RIZ
ON
TA
L
20
25
30
35
C
M
IN- PHASE COMPONENTS, IN PERCENT
en
133 g
. T OJN/ en
O
en
en ooCO
o m
O 2
m o
m
oeno -
H ^ OJ COO>
r i
ro OA"DO
Oi O
O
cnen
o*u, !
6COo O
o o o o
170 cm
O->i oo3
O o 3x
w oo3
Tl I
rt> O
c *f
O»<
I!
en o Op -p
0)
n>
._...
cn CD
O o
OUT-OF- PHASE
Oo o ro
O
COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN - PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
oCO O o
o o o
~n
o c33mXJ ^-o
Vaaw*w*
mahr^A
ooC/) H
Om
en
O
en
en O
en en
oQ
O m cn O
o~n en
O^ -ZL *H C/V*
s>^r~ sO
O O
O
cn
01 O
cn
O
CD
012
170cm
-n H-i ^/n O
n
en O O p
T3
oaCrt
3
o o -Q
oo3
OJoo3
4=-
Ol CD
N)O
oo o
OUT-OF- COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
IN-PHASf COMPONENTS. IN PERCENT
O
O
ooo roH O
fWhtfUUi
Om
roen H
Msgsw ^3D
JL o.
xU rn
Oo
HH
>
COs:
O4o
OJen
r 01 o o o
roo3
roo 3
JD C O
o o
CDO
Oo o
o
K rt> o -» -
cnCD
a.
*
3T
cro x
O o
O Oo o
IN -PHASE COMPONENTS IN PERCENT
top related