european exploration of the americas spain claims an empire european competition in north america...

European Explorationof the Americas

Spain Claims an EmpireEuropean Competition in North America

The Spanish & Native AmericansBeginnings of Slavery in the Americas

Spain Claims an EmpireMarco Polo’s tales

Overland route costly & dangerous

Portugal takes the lead

Henry the Navigator Began a school of navigation

Water route to Asia Bartolomeu Dias

Sailed to Cape of Good Hope Vasco da Gama

Sailed all the way to India

Spain Claims an EmpireChristopher Columbus - 1492

Believed in a faster routeKing Ferdinand & Queen Isabella’s supportSailed with 3 ships

Nina, Pinta, Santa MariaSan Salvador – October 12, 1492

Believed he had reached Asia

Treaty of TordesillasDivided new lands between Spain & Portugal

Spain Claims an EmpireConquistidors

Gold (mercantilism) Glory God (missionaries)

Amerigo Vespucci Realized land was not Asia, but a whole NEW WORLD German mapmaker labeled new land - AMERICA

Vasco Nunez de Balboa Pacific Ocean

Ferdinand Magellen Expedition sailed around the globe 5 ships & 270 men 3years 1 ship w/ 19 men

Spain Claims an EmpireHernando Cortes – 1519-1521

Conquered AztecsDona Marina

508 men & several horsesMontezuma

Aztec leader

Francisco Pizarro - 1531Conquered IncasAtahualapa

Inca Emperor

European Competitionin North America

John Cabot (England) Newfoundland

Giovanni da Verrazzano (France) Northeast coast of United States

Jacques Cartier (France) St. Lawrence seaway to present day Montreal

Samuel de Champlain (France) Founded fur trading post at Quebec (1608)

Oldest permanent French settlement in new world

Henry Hudson (Dutch) Explored New York harbor area

The Spanish & Native Americans

Not as much gold as Spain had hoped

Encomiendas Grant allowing forced native American labor

Haciendas Large farms or plantations

Missions Settlements intended to convert natives to Christianity

(Catholic)

Bartolome’ de Las Casas “Protector of the Indians”

The Spanish & Native Americans

Columbian ExchangeExchange of plants, animals, diseases, & culture

from Europe to the Americas & backEurope had never seen:

Pumpkins, turkeys, squash, pineapple, tobacco, sweet potato, peppers, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, or vanilla

America had never seen:Coffee, peaches, pears, citrus fruits, bananas, sugar

cane, honey bees, onions, wheat, rice, cows, sheep, pigs, horses, grapes, olives, or diseases like – measles, smallpox, malaria, common cold

Beginnings of Slaveryin the Americas

SlaveryOne person owned by another

Growth of plantations led to a need for workersCaptured slaves escaped Began trading slaves from Americas to Africa

Slave trade developsDutch set up MIDDLE Passage

Triangular TradeMolasses to Rum to Slaves