factors affecting the climate

FACTORS AFFECTING THE CLIMATEPREPARED BY : JOHN REY SIGA-AN

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L IS FOR Lattitude

LATTITUDEthe angular distance north or south from the equator of a point on the earth's surface.

HOW DOES LATTITUDE AFFECTS THE CLIMATE?

• The farther the place from the equator, the colder the climate

becomes.

FROM WHICH LATITUDE ZONE WHERE THIS PICTURES TAKEN?

Rainforest

Tundra

Tropical Grasslands

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A IS FORAir Pressure

AIR PRESSURE-is the force exerted onto a surface by the weight of the air.-it is caused by the weight of all air in the atmosphere pressing down to earth.- The unequal heating of earth’s surface.

HOW DOES THE AIR PRESSURE AFFECTS THE CLIMATE?

• Air pressure in the weather system reflects the amount of water in the air, which affects the weather.

•LOW air pressure usually results in BAD weather: Stormy, cloudy overcast.

•HIGH air pressure tends to result in GOOD weather: CLEAR skies, no precipitation.

HOW DOES THE AIR PRESSURE AFFECTS THE CLIMATE?

• Low pressure is warm, moist air. It raises and forms clouds.• High pressure is cold, dry air. It sinks and

creates clear skies.

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M IS FORMountain Barriers

MOUNTAIN BARRIERS- This creates a phenomenon

called Orographic Effect or Rainshadow.

OROGRAPHIC EFFECT• Wind containing the moisture hits the windward side

of a mountain. The moisture full of clouds to make it over the mountain so precipitation occurs.

• After the rain the clouds have no moisture and are able to rise over the mountain. The side away from the mountain is the leeward side. The leeward side of the mountain arid, it’s in the rainshadowand is usually a desert.

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E IS FORElevation

ELEVATION-height above a given level, especially sea level.-also called the altitude.

EFFECTS OF ELEVATION TO CLIMATE

• As elevation increases, temperature decreases. • As well as, as the elevation decreases, the

temperature increase.

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C IS FORContinental Location

CONTINENTAL LOCATION- The position of a location on a continent relative to the ocean determine whether it is a marine or continental climate.

CONTINENTAL LOCATION• Large bodies of water are slower to heat and cool

than land. • As a result, water temperatures remains stable and

land temperature changes frequently.• Coastlines have stable temperatures.• Interior of the continent has extreme temperatures

(hotter and colder).

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O IS FOROcean Currents

OCEAN CURRENTS- Ocean currents are giant rivers of sea water flowing withing the oceans.

OCEAN CURRENTS

• Ocean currents flow in circular path:1.Warm currents carry water from low to high altitudes.

These make land nearby warmer.2.Cool currents carry water from high to low altitudes.

These make land nearby cooler.

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W IS FORWind Belts

WIND BELTS - Wind is the movement of the air from high pressure to low pressure.

TYPES OF WIND BELTS

• Trade Winds a wind blowing steadily toward the equator from the

northeast in the northern hemisphere or the southeast in the southern hemisphere, especially at sea. Two belts of trade winds encircle the earth, blowing from the tropical high-pressure belts to the low-pressure zone at the equator.

TYPES OF WIND BELTS

• Westerliesa wind blowing from the west.the belt of prevailing westerly winds in the mid-

latitudes of the northern and southern hemispheres.

TYPES OF WIND BELTS

• Polar Easterlies/Windsare the dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the

high-pressure areas of the polar highs at the North and South Poles towards low-pressure areas within the Westerlies at high latitudes.

Map of Wind Belts