family its role functions and responsibilities
Post on 12-Apr-2017
1.950 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
1
The Family(Types, Function and Role of Family in
Health and Disease)
ByDr. Utpal Sharma
Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Community Medicine, SMIMS
2
Introduction The family is primary unit of all society ‘Family’ is derived from the Roman word ‘famulus’ which means
‘servant’
Defination Family is a group of persons united by the ties of marriage, blood or
adoption and living together & eating from a common kitchen.
The term household is different from family
Different aspect of family As a biological unit ---- share a pool of genes As a social units ---- common physical and social environment As cultural unit ---- it reflects the culture of the wider society
It is also an epidemiological unit ---- for providing social services and medical care
3
Family life cycle Families are not a constant They are ever changing Having six phase
4
Types of family On the basis of structure: Nuclear, Joint & 3-generation
On the basis of authority: Patriarchal & Matriarchal
On the basis of residence: Patrilocal & Matrilocal
On the basis of marriage:Monogamous, polygamous & polyandrous
On the basis of ancestry: Matrilineal & patrilineal
5
Types of Family
Three generation family
Joint Family
Nuclear family
6
Nuclear family Also known as “Elementary family”
Universal in all human societies
Definition It consists of a married couple and their children when they are
still regarded as dependent
They tend to occupy the same dwelling place
The husband usually plays the dominant role in the household
Absence of relatives like grand parents, uncles, aunts and other.
7
Cont…
There is a greater burden on nuclear family in terms of responsibilities for rearing children
The husband – wife relationship is likely to be more intimate
New families This term is used for the nuclear families less
than 10 years old
The concept is important in view of studies relating to family planning
8
Joint family Also called “Extended family”
It is kind of family grouping very common India, Africa, Far East and Middle East
More common in agriculture areas ( rural areas)
Now a days there are losing of joint family
Definition It consist of numbers of married couples and their children who live
together in the same house hold
All the man are related by blood and the women of the household are their wives, unmarried girls and widows of the family kinsmen
9
Cont….
Characteristics of a joint family All the property is held in common
There is common family purse --- all income goes and expenditures met
All the authority is vested in senior male member of family
He is most dominant member and control all internal and external affairs of family
The familial relations are enjoy primacy over marital relations
Early and arranged marriage is advocated to ward off any threat from marital relationship
10
Cont…
Advantages/ merits of joint family It is based on the motto “Union is
Strength”
There is sharing of responsibility
It gives family greater income and social security
It provide economic and social security to the old, unemployed
Pooling of income makes rearing of children, arranging marriages, caring for the old easy job
11
Three generation family
It is fairly common in west
There are representative of three generations in the same family
Definition It occurs usually when young couples are unable to find
separate accommodation and continue to live with their parents and have their own children
They are related to each other by direct descent live together
12
Functions of FamilyResidence To provide clean and descent home to its member
In west when men marries he separate with his parents and sets up his own home
In India (Hindus) married couple should resides in the house of the parent
Two types of residency: Patrilocal residency Matrilocal residency
Division of labour The male had the sloe duty to earn a living and support the family
The female had total responsibility for day to day care of children and running of household
13
Cont….. Now a days there are less difference between function of
men and women ---- the coming together and sharing responsibility
Reproduction and bringing up of children This is very important function The mother take absolute care of infant and children
during certain age The father provides for education and teaches the social
tradition and customs
Socialization: The family is bridge between generations and between
father and son The cultural pattern relating to eating, cleanliness, dress,
speech, language, behavior and attitude transmitted through the family
14
Cont…
Economic function: The family hold the properties and ownership like farms,
shop, dwelling are handed down to the children
Social care: The family provides social care by….
Giving status in society Protecting its member from insult Regulating marital activities of its members Regulating to a certain extent political, religion and general
social activities Regulating sex relations through incest-taboos
15
Role of family in health and disease The family is ultimately the unit with which one has to
deal if concerned with medicine or public health There are certain function which are related with health
and health behavior
Child rearing: One of the important function Physical care of dependent young ---- survive to
adulthood The child rearing may differ from society to society and
from time to time It is important to note the pattern of child care (feeding,
nutrition, hygiene, sleep, clothing, habit training) Passing from one generation to another
16
Cont…Socialization It refer to process by whereby individuals develop
qualities essential for functioning effectively in the society……it is a latent function
Teaching the young, the values of the society and transmitting information, culture, belief, conducts by citing examples
Introduction of young in to adult society In some societies the young are given freedom to
develop into individuals ---- to take initiative
Personality formation The capacity of individual to withstand stress and strain The way he interact with other people Family acts as the “placenta” to filter off ill influences
17
Cont…
Care of dependent adults: Care of sick and injured: So adult become dependent either through injury, illness or
because of biological limitation
In some society there is great deal of harshness in respect to those who are sufferer
Some times individual are excluded from full range of benefits
The kind of illness is important ---- attitude of society
The family acts like the cushion and gives the front-line care for such individuals
18
Cont….
Care of women during Pregnancy
In term of financial help, maternity leave, diet and nutrition supplement and decrease workload to the women
Stabilization of adult personality: The family is like “shock absorber” --- stress and strain of life The stress could be injury, illness, birth, death, tension,
worry, anxiety etc The family provide opportunity to release tension -----
individual --- mental equilibrium Alcoholics and narcotics are reflection of this trend Stress disease --- peptic ulcer, colitis, high B.P.
19
Cont…
Familial susceptibility to disease: The member of family share a pool of genes, common environment
---- decide their susceptibility of disease Certain disease such as haemophilia, colour blindness, D.M.,
mental illness known to run through families Could be a playground for communicable disease viz. TB, measles
etc Broken family Where the parents are separated or where death of one or both
parents Importantly, the victims of the broken family in younger years were
found to be displaying psychopathic behavior, immature personality etc.
They may drift to anti social activities like prostitution, gambling, crime and vagrancy
20
Cont….
Problem family: Those families who lag behind the rest of the community The standard of the life are far below the accepted minimum and
parents are unable to meet physical and emotional need of their children
The underlying factors are backwardness, poverty, illness, mental and emotional instability, character defects and marital disharmony
The problem families found in all social class but more common in LSEC
The children reared in such environment ----- crime, prostitution and vagrancy
“The secret of national health lies in the homes of the people”
21
top related