florida department of children and families

Florida Department of Children and Families

Critical Thinking in Safety Decision-Making:Evaluating Information Sufficiency

Reconciling and Validating InformationApplying the Safety Threshold Criteria

Module Objective (1 of 2)

Safe?

Yes

No

KNOW THE

FAMILY

D1:Extent of

Maltreatment

D2: Surrounding

Circumstances

D3: Child

Functioning

D4: Adult

Functioning

D5:General

Parenting Practices

D6:Discipline or

Behavior Management

Module Objective (2 of 2)

When you have finished this module, you will be able to: List the criteria for

sufficient information Explain what reconciliation

and validation are in information gathering and analysis

Apply the safety threshold criteria

Review of Information Standards

Information standards

Six Information Domains

D1:Extent of

Maltreatment

D2: Surrounding

Circumstances

D3: Child

Functioning

D4: Adult

Functioning

D5:General

Parenting Practices

D6:Discipline or

Behavior Management KNOW

THE FAMILY

Safe or Unsafe?

Safe?

Unsafe?

or

D1:Extent of

Maltreatment

D2: Surrounding

Circumstances

D3: Child

Functioning

D4: Adult

Functioning

D5:General

Parenting Practices

D6:Discipline or

Behavior Management KNOW

THE FAMILY

When is it Enough?

?

Why is Sufficiency Important?

Judging Sufficiency of Information (1 of 5)

Five essential criteria:

1. Describes the domain (by definition) in full and acceptable ways, so that a picture of what has or is happening can be understood

Judging Sufficiency of Information (2 of 5)

Five essential criteria:

2. Is relevant to the domain only

D1:Extent of

MaltreatmentD2:

Surrounding Circumstances

D3: Child

Functioning

D4: Adult

Functioning

D5:General Parenting

Practices

D6:Disciplinary

Practices

Judging Sufficiency of Information (3 of 5)

Five essential criteria:

3. Is pertinent to gaining a full understanding of the domain

Judging Sufficiency of Information (4 of 5)

Five essential criteria:

4. Is adequate… enough information to have confidence about conclusions we reach

D

O T E C T I V E

D A N G E RVULNERABLE

C H I

P

PAC

TY

TH

EATS

U N S A F

SAF

C

Judging Sufficiency of Information (5 of 5)

Five essential criteria:

5. Covers the principal or core issues associated with the domain

Reconciling and Validating (1 of 2)

Qualitative Judgment About the Information

Process of Reconciling and Validating

Information collection with the child victim

Other siblings

Non-abusing parent

Alleged perpetrator

Reconciling and Validating (2 of 2)

Reconciling & Validating

Reconciling &

Validating

Reconciling & Validating

Reconciling & Validating

Reconciling & Validating

Reconciling &

Validating

D1:Extent of

Maltreatment

D2: Surrounding

Circumstances

D3: Child

Functioning

D4: Adult

Functioning

D5:General

Parenting Practices

D6:Discipline or

Behavior Management KNOW

THE FAMILY

Example: Adult Functioning

Goal of Reconciling and Validating

Present or impending danger threats +/- Child

vulnerability +/-Caregiver protective capacity

= Safe or Unsafe

Safety Threshold Criteria

Threshold Criteria: Out of Control Behaviors, Circumstances and Conditions

DANGER THREAT?

1. Immediacy 2. Severity 3. Out of Control 4. Vulnerable Child 5. Observable

Threshold Criteria #1: Immediacy?

Immediacy

WITHOUT DELAY

OCCURRING IN NEAR FUTURE

Threshold Criteria #2: Severity?

Immediacy

Severity

SERIOUS INJURY

DEBILITATING PHYSICAL HEALTH

SIGNIFICANT IMPAIRMENT/ACUTE SUFFERING

TERRORIZING/LIFE THREATENING

Threshold Criteria #3: Out of control?

Severity

Out of Control

Immediacy

NOT SUBJECT TO INTERNAL INFLUENCE

UNRESTRAINED/UNMANAGED

WITHOUT LIMITS

Threshold Criteria #4: Vulnerable Child?

Out of Control

Severity

Vulnerability

Immediacy

DEPENDENT ON OTHERS FOR PROTECTION

INDIVIDUAL CHILD FACTORS (AGE, PHYSICAL ABILITY, COGNITIVE ABILITY,

DEVELOPMENTAL STATUS AND MORE . . .)

ALL CHILDREN IN HOME

Threshold Criteria #5: Observable?

Vulnerability

Out of Control

Severity

Immediacy

Observable

CAN BE SEEN AND DESCRIBED

HAS BEEN OBSERVED BY FAMILY AND OTHERSPERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

FEELINGS OR PERCEPTIONS EVIDENCED BY SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS, SITUATIONS

OR VERBAL STATEMENTS

Summary

Critical thinking Five criteria for evaluating information sufficiency Importance and process of reconciling and validating

information Safety threshold criteria

Discussion Guide and Quiz

Q1: Sufficient information is:

a. Information that gives us a full pictureb. Is relevant to the particular information domainc. Is pertinent to the information domaind. Is adequate and gives us confidence about conclusionse. All of the above

Q1: Sufficient information is:

a. Information that gives us a full pictureb. Is relevant to the particular information domainc. Is pertinent to the information domaind. Is adequate and gives us confidence about conclusionse. ALL OF THE ABOVE

The correct answer is (e) all of the above. Information sufficiency is dependent upon these four standards and a fifth one – being able to describe principal or core issues associated with each domain - being met which ensures you that you have all the necessary information you need to make the appropriate safety decision.

Q2: Which is the typical sequence followed in the information collection protocol:

a. Other children in the home, victim, non-abusing parent, alleged perpetrator

b. Alleged perpetrator, victim, other children in the home, non-abusing parent

c. Victim, other children in the home, non-abusing parent, alleged perpetrator

d. Victim, non-abusing parent, other children in the home, alleged perpetrator

Q2: Which is the typical sequence followed in the information collection protocol:

a. Other children in the home, victim, non-abusing parent, alleged perpetrator

b. Alleged perpetrator, victim, other children in the home, non-abusing parent

c. VICTIM, OTHER CHILDREN IN THE HOME, NON-ABUSING PARENT, ALLEGED PERPETRATOR

d. Victim, non-abusing parent, other children in the home, alleged perpetrator

The correct answer is (c). Because of a combination of factors - safety concerns, children generally being more open and honest, or at least easier to recognize when they are being deceptive, we almost always interview all children in the home prior to the adults. And, the last adult we want to interview is the alleged perpetrator so we can be as prepared as we can with the most information available to us at the time of that interview.

Q3: Reconciling information means:

a. Quoting exactly what the parents said

b. Knowing only what maltreatment occurred

c. Determining the evidence that is necessary for prosecution

d. Settling or resolving differences in information in order to have a true understanding of each information domain

e. None of the above

Q3: Reconciling information means:

a. Quoting exactly what the parents said

b. Knowing only what maltreatment occurred

c. Determining the evidence that is necessary for prosecution

d. SETTLING OR RESOLVING DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION IN ORDER TO HAVE A TRUE UNDERSTANDING OF EACH INFORMATION DOMAIN

e. None of the above

The correct answer is (d): settling or resolving differences in information in order to have a true understanding of each information domain. Remember, the foundation for all quality decision making is the accuracy of the information upon which the decision is based so it is essential for you to resolve all critical discrepancies in what has occurred regarding the maltreatment and in what you know about the family in terms of their day to day functioning which reveals impending danger.

Q4: Which of the following is not one of the safety threshold criteria:

a. Immediate

b. Potentially Severe

c. Out Of Control

d. Protective Capacity

e. Observable

Q4: Which of the following is not one of the safety threshold criteria:

a. Immediate

b. Potentially Severe

c. Out Of Control

d. PROTECTIVE CAPACITY

e. Observable

The correct answer is (d) protective capacity. The other four choices, along with vulnerable child, are the five safety threshold criteria. Protective capacity, on the other hand, has to do with an adult caregiver’s ability to protect a child from an identified danger threat in the household in which the caregiver and child reside. It is a key component in the determination of safe or unsafe but is not one of the safety threshold criteria in identifying whether a present or impending danger threat exists or not.

Q5: The threshold criteria “observable” means you have personally witnessed the action or behavior:

a. Trueb. False

Q5: The threshold criteria “observable” means you have personally witnessed the action or behavior:

a. Trueb. FALSE

The correct answer is (b) false. In terms of the safety threshold criteria “observable” simply means someone in the family or any second party observer, neighbor, teacher, or any collateral contact has personally seen the action, behavior or circumstance being described. Skilled investigators and case managers try to validate this information from another source whenever possible.

Congratulations!Module Three: Critical Thinking in Safety

Decision Making

Critical Thinking Course Registration

To receive credit for this course, you will need to:1. Log into FSFN.2. Click Create > Worker Training > Individual Training Plan.3. Click Search within the Assigned Training in Progress group box.4. Enter E-Learning 3: Critical Thinking (or simply enter “E“ followed

by *) and then click search.5. Click Select next to the course when it appears.6. Click Continue at the bottom of the page.7. When the selected course title is displayed on your Individual Worker screen,

indicate that the status is “Completed” and record the completion date.8. Click Save.

This should then be displayed in your “Individual Training History”.