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FME SUCCESS - perspectives on safe and effective storage of CO2

Arvid Nøttvedt

Christian Michelsen Research

TCCS9

Trondheim, June 2017

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2050: Global CCS 8200 Mt CO2

Sleipner CCS project 1 Mt CO2

2017: Global CCS 40 Mt CO2

What is the problem?

• CCS has been demonstrated

• CCS has been industrialized and proven safe

But, it is not currently economic…..

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THE CLIMATE CHALLENGE

OECD/IEA 2014: The entire global CO2 budget to 2100 is used up by 2040.

The world needs to store about 8 Gt CO2 /yr by 2050 in the 20 scenario (IEA). Likely, Europe will have to take responsibility for at least 1,5 Gt/yr. Potential future CO2 – quotaes, taxation or risk penalty on petroleum production, makes decarbonisation of emissions from combustion of oil & gas a political/ commercial issue.

The politicians awaits the market, the market awaits the politicians CCS requires coherent decision making, decision process is fragmented CCS can only be solved through international collaboration, but some nations need to take the lead

THE POLITICAL CHALLENGE

What can we do?

• Await rise in carbon pricing (ETS), implementation of cap-and-trade system

• Pick some low-hanging fruit

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FME SUCCESS

• Value chain approach • Conformance

• Containment

• Contingency

• Reliable methods for Measurement, Monitoring and Verification (MMV)

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Sleipner

FME SUCCESS vision and objectives • To provide a sound scientific base for CO2 injection,

storage and monitoring

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Conformance Contingency Containment

High economic and scientific leverage

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High scientific output and quality:

* Scientific papers: 139

* Articles in anthologies: 37

* Reports/ presentations: 358

* Popular science publications/ media: 84

Total project value: 160/ >350 MNOK

13 associated CLIMIT projects

FME-SUCCESS – making our research accessible

Reports Timeline final reporting

2016 T3 2017 T1 2017 T2 2017 T3 2018 T1

RCN -final report

Scientific reports

Field pilot reports

New case Studies

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• Final reporting to NFR

• 4 scientific reports

1. Storage capability

2. Seal integrity and leakage risk

3. Monitoring systems

4. Injectivity

• 2 reports on field pilots Sleipner and Snøhvit

• 2 reports on new case studies Skade and Smeaheia

Accountable research community

• Norwegian research community on CCS • FME SUCCESS, FME BIGCCS, IRIS, TelTek, NORSAR

=> Large-scale storage of CO2 on the Norwegian shelf

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It is no longer a question of research, but a matter of industrialization and scaling!

How do we assure safe and effective storage of CO2? • Maximizing storage capacity

• Geological heterogeneities included in up-scaled reservoir models

• Pressure maintenance to utilize maximum reservoir pore volume

• Large-scale storage, to secure least areal extent and less area of conflict

• Optimizing storage efficiency • Application of dynamic fluid flow

simulations to better screen locations and decide injection strategy

• Sweep efficiency, rel perm, drainage, imbibition, viscocity ratio, density ratio

• Plume control strategies • Controlling flow directions and sweep

through setting of water production wells • Pressure management

• Cost-effective monitoring and early warning systems

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Uddin et al., 2013

Gridding and properties

Advanced injection schemes

(Wilson & Monea, 2004)

Picking the low-hanging fruit

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We need something that is rapidly scalable!

REINVENTING THE OIL & GAS BUSINESS MODEL • Climate obligation

• Norwegian domestic emissions (2013) = 44 Mt CO2

9 t CO2/ capita • Emissions from

Norwegian oil and gas production (2013) = 500 Mt CO2

110 t CO2/ capita

• Value at risk: securing asset resource base

• Business opportunity

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Neutralising CO2 footprint from Norwegian oil & gas production requires storage of ca. 500 Mton CO2/yr

If future carbon pricing =30€\tonn CO2 =6000 bill.NOK

Produced 4685 mill. tons oe. =14 Gt CO2 =7000 bill.NOK

Future production 8000 mill tons oe. = 23 Gt CO2

Status pr 2013

REAPPRAISING THE OIL AND GAS ECONOMY

(with contributions from S. Eggen)

(in collaboration with S. Eggen)

Large-scale CO2 storage

CH4 CO2

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CCS | EUROPE AN INTEGRATED INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND COMMERCIAL PROJECT

NG and excess wind power converted to H2 CH4 + H2 to gas power plant CO2 return Natural gas infrastructure CO2 pipeline system

- Secure offtake of gas - Operation of large-scale

storage - Enabling CO2-EOR - Stable «green» gas power

for baseload and peak - Use gas infrastructure for

distribution of surplus power = less need for investments in El-grid

- CO2 grid enabling industrial CCS

- No onshore storage of CO2 - => Value creation for all

parties

Moving forward requires political – industry, public – private, national – European collaboration and partnership.

Thank you!