for protecting miners at small surface m/nm mines (crushed stone, sand & gravel, etc.) rocky...
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FOR PROTECTING MINERS AT SMALL SURFACE
M/NM MINES(Crushed Stone, Sand & Gravel, etc.)
Rocky Mountain DistrictDenver, CO
AIR QUALITYAIR QUALITY30 CFR § 56.5002
“EXPOSURE MONITORING”
•Dust, gas, mist and fume surveys shall be conducted as frequently as necessary to determine the adequacy of control measures.
• Airborne Contaminants
Airborne Contaminants ?• What are they at your mine?
– Mineral Dust ?• Silica/Quartz (Respirable)• Nuisance Particulate• ????Fibers
– Fumes?• Welding• Solvents
– Gases and Mists?• CO (shops, enclosed workplaces, cabs,
booths)• Cleaning (atomizing)
– Others………..?
What Are Dusts?
• Solid particles suspended in air
• Generated by blasting, drilling, crushing, grinding, etc.
The Body Defends Against Dust By:
• Trapping larger particles in the nasal passages, throat, trachea, larynx
• Trapping particles in mucous and carrying them up the airways where they are coughed out or swallowed (mucociliary escalator)
Silica dust may be a hazard, if
• it is in the respirable range: small enough to get into the air sacs (alveoli) ----basically less than 10 microns in size
• it is present in high enough concentrations
bronchiole
alveoli
How Does Silica Affect The Body?
• Silica particles build up in the lungs leading to a type of dust disease (pneumoconiosis) called silicosis
• Makes affected workers more susceptible to TB
• Causes cancer
Silicosis : Severity of Disease
Dust Concentration
Percent of free silica
Duration of exposure
Size of particles (respirable??)
Development of Silicosis is:
• More Likely With:
• Inadequate dust control measures
• Inadequate respiratory protection
• Lack of medical screening
• Lack of air monitoring
NUISANCE PARTICULATES(Total Dust)
• TLV: 10mg/M3
• IRRATANT– Respiratory system– Sinus membranes– Mucous tract– Skin– Eyes
Some Nuisance Particulate*
• Alundum• Calcium Carbonate• Cellulose (paper fiber)
• Portland Cement• Corundum• Emery• Glass, fibrous or
dust• Glycerin Mist• Vegetable oil mists
(some exceptions)
• Kaolin• *Sio2 less than 1%
• Limestone• Magnesite• Marble• Pentaerythritol• Plaster of Paris• Rouge• Silicon Carbide• Starch• Sucrose• Tin Oxide• Titanium Dioxide
Evaluate Worker Exposures By:
•Doing work area inspections
•Sampling, monitoring workers
•Observing work practices
REDUCE Dust Exposures:
• Assess potential for exposure• Use engineering controls, such as:Dust CollectorsEnvironmental cabs and boothsWater SpraysHEPA Filters and Vacuum (Don’t
cleanup with brooms/shovels)
M62.11062.110MMust establish: SYSTEM OF MONITORING
MPerformance based.
MSystem sufficient to determine compliance with rule.
MAssess miner’s noise exposure over full work shift.
Noise MonitoringMSpecific requirements for determining
miner’s noise dose.
MUse appropriate integration range: M80-130 for AL M90-140 for PEL and DHPL
andM 90 dBA criterion levelM 5 dB exchange rateM A-weighting & slow response
Cannot adjust for hearing protector worn.Cannot adjust for hearing protector worn.
Noise Monitoring
MNotify miner of exposure at or above AL, and above the PEL and DHPL.
MMust be in writing and given to miner within 15 days of determination.
MCopy must be kept as long as miner exposed at or above AL, plus 6 months.
MMiners and their representative have right to observe monitoring. (no pay required)
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
ROTATE WORKERS / WORK SCHEDULES
ESTABLISH REGULATED AREAS
PUT UP WARNING SIGNS & BARRICADES
ELIMINATE THE JOB
IMPROVE EDUCATION & TRAINING
CONTROL AT POINT OF WORKER
JOB ROTATION
ENCLOSURE
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
TRAINING & EDUCATION
PERSONAL MONITORING
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
MINERS:
OBSERVE RULES -� work practices, cleanup, hygiene
NOTIFY SUPERVISORS OF HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND PROBLEMS WITH CONTROL MEASURES
MAINTENANCE USE REQUIRED PPE
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