friday august 7, 2015 u.s. history/ mrs. bartlett
Post on 04-Jan-2016
216 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
FridayAugust 7, 2015
U.S. History/ Mrs. Bartlett
• Essential Question:–What powers are granted to the
national (FEDERAL) government in the Constitution?
Article I of the Constitution created the Legislative Branch (Congress)
Congress has “expressed powers” to make lawsmake laws, levy taxeslevy taxes, coin moneycoin money,
regulate traderegulate trade, declare wardeclare war, admit new states to the Unionadmit new states to the Union
The “Elastic Clause” allows Congress to
create laws that are “necessary and proper”
Congress is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate
The House of Representatives is based on state population size
Representatives serve two year terms and must be 25 years old
All revenue bills must originate in the
House of Representatives
Congress is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate
Each state has two Senators Senators serve six year
terms and must be at least 30 years old
The Senate has the power to approve treaties and
presidential appointments
Article II of the Constitution created the Executive Branch which is made up of the President, Vice-President, and bureaucracy
The role of the President is to enforce the lawenforce the law, , conduct foreign policyconduct foreign policy, , serve as commander-in-chief serve as commander-in-chief
of the militaryof the military, , appoint judges and ambassadorsappoint judges and ambassadors, , provide leadership for the nationprovide leadership for the nation
The President is aided by numerous federal agencies and 15 executive departments each with a
secretary who serves on the President’s cabinet
The President is elected to a four year term and must be a native-born American
at least 35 years old
The President is not elected directly by the
people, but by an Electoral College
Article III of the Constitution created the Judicial Branch which is made up of
Supreme Court and other federal courts The role of the judicial
branch is to interpret the law and promote justice
There are no specific qualifications to be a federal judge; Judges serve for life
The Supreme Court has the power to declare laws unconstitutional (called judicial review)
Chief Justice of the United States
2013: $223,5002000: $181,400
Associate Justices of the Supreme Court
2013: $213,9002000: $173,600
The Supremacy Clause of Article V states that the Constitution is the “the supreme law of the land”
From May to September 1787, the delegates at the Constitutional Convention worked out a
framework for a new federal system of government
But, this plan for government had to be ratified by 9 states if it was to
replace the Articles of Confederation
Many Americans were concerned about the possibility of tyranny because the Constitution gave more power
to the national government over the states
Those who opposed the Constitution, feared a stronger
national gov’t , and wanted states to
remain power were called Anti-Federalists
The Anti-Federalists were led by
Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams
“Show me that age and country where the rights
and liberties of the people were placed on the sole
chance of their rulers being good men, without a
consequent loss of liberty?”Patrick Henry, speech in
opposition to the Constitution, 1788
Those who supported the new Constitution
and a stronger national gov’t were
called the Federalists
Federalist leaders James Madison,
Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay wrote a series of essays called the Federalist Papers
to counter the arguments of the Anti-Federalists
“Nothing is more certain than the indispensable
necessity of government… People must cede some of
their natural rights in order to vest it with requisite powers.”
(Federalist #2)
“[If the] federal gov’t is entrusted with the care of the common defense…that gov’t ought to be clothed with all the powers
requisite to complete execution of its trust.”
(Federalist #23)
“…the smaller the number of individuals composing a
majority, the more easily will they execute their plans of
oppression. Extend the sphere, and you take in a greater variety
of parties and interests; you make it less probable that a
majority of the whole will invade the rights of other citizens.”
(Federalist #10)
Some states ratified the Constitution quickly, but states with large majorities of Anti-Federalists
refused without a Bill of Rights to protect their liberty
New Hampshire was the 9th state to ratify the Constitution which went into effect in 1789, but the
Federalists wanted all 13 states to ratify the new gov’t In 1789, the Bill of Rights was introduced and the last two states ratified the Constitution by 1790
The Bill of Rights was approved in 1791
Today, the Constitution is the oldest existing written gov’t in the world and is a model for other nations
Closure Activity: Create a symbol or cartoon that describes the
main idea of each amendment
The first amendment of the Constitution deals primarily with
A. states’ rights
B. property rights
C. rights of the accused
D. rights of self-expression
Which headline best illustrates the system of checks and balances?A. "Senate Rejects Supreme Court Nominee"
B. "State Legislature Fails To Adopt Budget on Time"
C. "Congress Votes To Reduce Income Taxes"
D. "United States Peacekeeping Troops Sent to Bosnia"
top related