fruit and vegetable intake and risk of
Post on 05-Apr-2018
217 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
1/15
Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of
cardiovascular disease in US adults: thefirst National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey Epidemiologic
Follow-up Study
Carolina Agurto
Daniela Hernandez
Ignacio Quintana
Mnica Vargas
Guillermo Vsquez
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
2/15
Objective of this research
The objective was toexamine the relation
between fruit andvegetable intake andthe risk ofcardiovascular
disease.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
3/15
Kind of study
Study population: participants inthe first National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) aged 25-74 years.
Prospective cohort study
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
4/15
Methodology (1)
Study population : cohort of9608 participants (applying
exclusion criteria).
Baseline data:
Medical history
Standardized medical examination
Dietary assessment
Laboratory tests
Anthropometric measurements
Blood pressure , body weight
and height were obtainedwith the use of standard
protocols.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
5/15
Methodology (2)
Education level, physical activityand alcohol consumption were
obtained by Interviewer-
administered questionnaires.
Smoking status was obtained
by questions on lifetimesmoking history at follow-upinterviews in 1982 through
1984 or later.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
6/15
Methodology (3)
Food-frequency questionnaire
3 items referring to fruit and vegetable intake. Frequency of
consumption of fruit and vegetables was coded into categoriesranging from never to 8 times/day.
Frequency of consumption of meat, poultry and of fish andshellfish.
Total energy intakes were calculated for each participantby the National Center for Health Statistics.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
7/15
Observations to the methodology that
could affect the results and
conclusions of the study
They did not exclude overweight participants,
Frequency of consumption of junk food was
not included in the Food-frequency
questionnaire.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
8/15
While they consume less fruitand vegetable in their diet ,they
have more blood pressure
,hypertension (%), serum total
cholesterol, diabetes (%) and BMI
(Kg/m ^2).
We can see that: people with less
frequency in intake of fruit and
vegetable practice quantity low
physical activity. They show more
current cigarette smoking, etc
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
9/15
FIGURE 1. Age-adjusted cumulative mortality from stroke, ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular
disease, and all causes according to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake in 9608 participants in
the research.
We can see that : the intake
of fruit and vegetable is a
protect factor of ischemic
heart disease, stroke,cardiovascular disease.
The frequency of fruit
and vegetable in the
intake is directly
proportional to level ofprotection for these
diseases.
The connection between
frecuency and disease , is
more evident while more
age has the partcipant ofthe research.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
10/15
This study shows a correlation between consumption of
fruit and vegetables and the incidence of ischemic heart
disease?
This study shows that the intake of fruitand vegetables 3 times/d comparedwith < 1 time/d was associated with a
24% lower mortality from ischemic heartdisease.
Also, recent prospective studies reportedan inverse association between fruit and
vegetables intake and the risk ofischemic stroke and ischemic heart
disease.
Accordingly with the results this study,increased fruit and vegetables intakeshave been recommended to prevent
morbidity and mortality from
cardiovascular diseases.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
11/15
How do the articles authors try to explain in the
discussion the answer to the question above?
Although each of these nutrients may play a
protective role in the prevention of cardiovasculardisease, their effect in combination with those of
other components in whole foods may have agreater effect.
Fruit and vegetables have abundant individualnutrients, including potassium, antioxidants, andfolic acid may contribute to inverse association ofthe intake of these foods with the risk of stroke
and mortality from cardiovascular disease.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
12/15
What limitations do you find to the
conclusions of this study?
The most important limitation of this study is
the no contemplation of the environmental
factors and the quality of life of the people; it
includes depression and psychological factors,
because those factors are related to highest
levels of heart problems and heart disease.
Wh li i i d fi d h
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
13/15
What limitations do you find to the
conclusions of this study?
Other limitations that we found were theabsence of relations between some particular
vitamin or substance in the fruits or
vegetables or even some reaction betweenthis nutrients with the cause the results
presented. We didnt find in this study the
cause of the lower risk of cardiovascular
disease, it can be considered as a limitation.
Wh li i i d fi d h
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
14/15
What limitations do you find to the
conclusions of this study?
The last limitation that we found was the
absence of blood and urine exams, its
important because the researchers can
exclude to persona with drug abuse, renalfailure or some medical condition can disturb
this study. Other factor is the stress level of
the person of this study and use of medicationfor other disease that can affect the final
results.
-
7/31/2019 Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk Of
15/15
Which additional studies would you
make in order to complement the
material presented in this article? The most important complementary study would
be the blood analysis searching some component
responsible of results exposed in this study. Other complementary studies may include
regular blood pressure control in a close relationwith the intake of fruits and vegetables.
Analysis of the most important fruits andvegetables for the cardiovascular disease risk
top related