fundamentals of intelligent compaction

FHWA Intelligent Compaction National Workshop

May 3, 2012 Minneapolis, MN

Session No. 3 Fundamentals of

Intelligent Compaction

By George Chang Transtec Group

Outlines

• IC Definition • IC Roller Systems • Correlation Tests • GPS • IC Data Maps

Intelligent Compaction

Continuous Measurement System

Global Positioning

System (GPS)

Onboard Report System

Courtesy of Bomag

Single Drum IC Rollers

Bomag

Caterpillar Ammann-Case

Dynapac Sakai

HAMM-Wirtgen

Retrofit Single Drum IC Roller Volvo with Trimble Retrofit

Double Drum IC Rollers Bomag

Caterpillar Sakai

HAMM-Wirtgen

Retrofit Double Drum IC Roller Conventional Roller with Trimble Retrofit

Printer

Control Box GNSS Receiver

Temperature Sensor

Temperature Sensor

Courtesy of Trimble

Caterpillar Soils IC System GPS

Receiver Radio

Slope Sensor Accelerometer

Controllers

Display

Courtesy of Caterpillar

Sakai Double Drum IC System

Temperature Sensor

GPS Radio/Receiver

Control Panel

Accelerometer CIS Display

HAMM Double Drum IC System

Accelerometer

GPS Receiver

HCQ GPS Navigator

Temperature Sensors Control Panel

Caterpillar CMV, MDP

Dynapac CMV

Bomag EVIB

Sakai CCV

Ammann kb

Roller Measurement Values

HAMM/Wirtgen HMV

Compaction Meter Value CMV

modified from Thurner and Sandström 1980

Ω

Ω⋅=AA

C CMV 2

Compaction Control Value CCV

Courtesy of Sakai

Roller Integrated Stiffness Kb

zd

csks

mf

ksuspcsusp

fe(t)

zf

Equivalent frame weight

Suspension stiffnessand damping

Drum weightand dynamicforce generated

Soil stiffnessand damping

md

Fs

Courtesy of Ammann

Vibration Modulus Evib

Courtesy of Bomag

De-Coupled - Layer Moduli

Courtesy of Bomag

Machine Drive Power MDP

)MDP(37.1150MDP80 −=

)MDP(75.2150MDP40 −=

Scaled Values

Ammann Auto-Feedback

Courtesy of Ammann

Bomag Auto-Feedback

Courtesy of Bomag

Correlation with In-Situ Testing

Courtesy of David White

In-Situ Tests for Soils/Subbase LWD

FWD

DCP NDG

PLT DSPA BCD

Soils Density vs. Modulus

Courtesy of Prof. Briaud

In-Situ Tests for HMA NG

PSPA

NNG

LWD-a

100 % Coverage

1 / 1,000,000

Courtesy of Trimble/Caterpillar

Sampling Coverage

ICMV vs LWD Sakai CCV

LWD

GPS Measurements

GPS location: 37o 23.323’ N

122o 02.162’ W

Space Segment

Control Segment

User Segment Courtesy of Trimble

GPS Precisions • Autonomous:10 -15m • DGPS: 0.5 - 5m • Float : 1 m • Fixed :1-3 cm

Courtesy of Trimble

Not to scale

GPS Accuracy for IC

Unspecified Source

1 2 3 4

IC Pass

Counts

Poor GPS Good GPS

GPS Planning - DOP

Courtesy of Trimble

GPS Plane Projection

• From Curved Earth Surface to Flat Maps

Longitude Latitudes

Easting Northing Elevation

Courtesy of Franson/CoordTrans

US UTM Zones

State Plane Coordinate System

Courtesy of PennState U.

RTK GPS

Connected by Radio Link

GPS Base Station GPS Rover

Roller GPS Radio/Receiver

Virtual Base Station System

OmniSTAR HP Subscription

GPS Onsite Verification

GPS Rovers for Point Tests

TopCon OmniSTAR Trimble

Point Tests and IC Data

Caterpillar Soils IC System

Courtesy of Caterpillar

HAMM Asphalt HCQ System

Courtesy of HAMM/Wirtgen

For More Info on IC…

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info@IntelligentCompaction.com

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