gadis@limnologi.lipi.go - unesco office in jakarta · 1 seminar hari air dunia & hari bumi 2014...

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Seminar Hari Air Dunia & Hari Bumi 2014KNIU – Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Jakarta, 24 April 2014

gadis@limnologi.lipi.go.id

2(Source: USGS, Shiklomanov 1993)World Water Day - Earth Day, 24 April 2014

Total water: 2,019 km3 /year1,973 km3/year, is in surface water,457.4 km3/year, is in groundwater.5,146 km3/year in precipitationMuch of this runs off into theoceans or is evaporated

water resource per capita : 8,332,000L/person/year. Plenty of water if it all was clean anddistributed equally- Water in Indonesia surface water(lakes and rivers 95.66 km3/year),groundwater 17.61 km3/year).

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13.85 millions ha of rivers, lakesand ponds

12.0millions ha

of riversand flood

plains

1.8millions haof natural

lakes

0.05millions

ha ofdams

5,590 major riverswith 65,017tributaries

Totallength of

majorrivers are

94,573 km

1,512,466km2

watershedareas

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840 lakes, 735 ponds and 162 dams

Lake Toba asthe largest

(110,260 ha)

Lake Matanoas the deepest

(600 m)

Lake Sentarum (West Kalimantan) uniquewetland (10 months wet and 2 months dry)

covering126,000 ha

volume 13billions m3

266 fishspecies

18 endemicspecies

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No LakeArea(km2)

Max Depth(m)

Volume(billion m3)

Category volume

1 Batur 15,9 88 820 Medium2 Bratan 3,85 22 49 Small3 Buyan 3,9 87 160 Medium4 Kerinci 46 97 1600 Medium5 Limboto 56 2,5 159.566 Large6 Maninjau 97,9 169 10.400 Large7 Matano 164,1 590 55.015 Large8 Ranau 125,9 229 21.950 Large

9 Rawa Pening 25 14 52 Small

10 Singkarak 107,8 268 16.100 Large11 Tamblingan 1,9 90 27 Small12 Toba 1.130 529 240.000 Very large

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Drinking water Fishery (catch&fish farming) Hydropower

Ecosystem, fauna and flora

Cultural, tourism Agriculture

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10Rawa Pening

Tondano

ManinjauTempe

SingkarakKerinci

MatanoPoso Toba

Potential capacity (MW)

Actual capacity (MW)

World Water Day - Earth Day, 24 April 2014

Limnological Society of Indonesia 11

Chilaterina

Glossolepis

Pseudomugil

Sclerophages jardini

Iriatherina werneri

Melanotaenia

Botia striata

Arwana Super Red

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Majority of water consumed :• Agriculture92.76 km3/year,• Industry24.65 km3/year,• Domestic13.99 km3/year

Majority of water consumed :• Agriculture92.76 km3/year,• Industry24.65 km3/year,• Domestic13.99 km3/year

World Water Day - Earth Day, 24 April 2014

738 x 109 m3

18.400 m3/cap/yr187 x 109 m3

1.600 m3/cap/yr60 x 109 m3

5.500 m3/cap/yr

1.008 x 109 m3

98.800 m3/cap/yr247 x 109 m3

18.300 m3/cap/yr981 x 109 m3

251.500 m3/cap/yr

Global average1.200 m3/cap/yr

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No. Islands Water Supply(106 m 3/year)

Water Demand(106 m 3/year)

Demand/Supplyratio (%)

1 Jawa & Madura 47.263 89.476 189

2 Sumatra 172.990 32.484 19

3 Kalimantan 186.255 5.720 3

4 Sulawesi 31.370 13.694 44

5 Bali 1.420 1.603 113

6 NTB 2.020 1.867 92

7 NTT 2.390 1.746 73

8 Maluku 21.790 1.049 5

9 Papua 188.840 923 0,5

Indonesia 645.830 148.922 23Sumber : Dirjen Pengairan, Dep. PU

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now

?

2005

62

1992

39

1984

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62 of 470 watersheds in Indonesia are in criticalcondition62 of 470 watersheds in Indonesia are in criticalcondition

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more flood, drought, erosion and sedimentation

12 watersheds 26 watersheds 4 watersheds

10 watersheds 10 watersheds4 watersheds

2 watersheds

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Decreasingbearingcapacity

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From exploitation to sustainable useFrom exploitation to sustainable use• determined by the carrying capacity

From centralization to decentralizationFrom centralization to decentralization• Local people and government play a major role in the

resource beneficiation

From government driven to public participationFrom government driven to public participation• Public participation is becoming a more dominant factor

Integrated, multi-sectoral approachesIntegrated, multi-sectoral approaches• Integrated, multi- sectoral approaches to sustaining

aquatic environment

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Integrated management goes beyond the water bodies of the lake/reservoir, but also intothe sub-catchment in upstream as well as downstream. It refers also to the management

pattern in River Regions approach which is transbounder in its nature or at national scale.

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9 line ministries (Environment, Public Works, Agriculture, Forestry,Marine & Fisheries, Home Affairs, Energy & Mineral resources, Tourism& Creative Economy, Research & Technology) agree to have asustainable lake management

Implementation- Focus on 15 priority lakes- Grand Design & Action Plan on saving the Indonesian LakeEcosystem

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