gender in global perspective

GLOBAL PERSEPCTIVE

ISRAELI KIBBUTZA kibbutz is a small Jewish community trying to form a utopic society based on principles of equality and hard work.

MARGARET MEAD’S RESEARCH

Mead found a different pattern of male and female behavior in each of the cultures she studied. It was conducted on three different civilizations, the Arapesh, Mundugumor and the Tchambuli.

GEORGE MURDOCK’S RESEARCH

Murdock (1937) noted that men generally were expected to complete tasks related to hunting and warfare. In contrast, women are given roles related to cooking and childcare.

Sociological Perspectives on Gender

STRUCTURAL - FUNCTIONALISM

Functionalist maintain that gender differentiation has contributed to overall social stability.Talcott Parsons and Robert Bales (1955) argued that to function, most-effectively, the family requires adults who specialize in particular roles.

EXPRESSIVEINSTRUMENTAL

Conflict theorists suggests that men, as the dominant gender, subordinate women in order to maintain power and privilege in society.In this case they would argue that division of labor is not necessarily beneficial to society, but has been maintained by those in power.

CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE

Feminist theory uses the conflict approach to examine the reinforcement of gender

roles and inequalities, highlighting the role of

patriarchy in maintaining the oppression of women.

Patriarchy—the dominance of males in social, economic, and political organization.

TYPES OF FEMINISM

LIBERAL FEMINISM

A form of feminism that argues that equality for women can be achieved through legal means and social reform.

SOCIALIST FEMINISM

A movement that calls for an end to capitalism through a socialist reformation of our economy.

RADICAL FEMINISM

They believe that men are the enemy and that they control, exploit and oppress women through the process of patriarchy in employment, family relations, sexual relations and status.

Gender Stratification may be functional for men who hold the power and privilege –

but it is hardly in the interests of women.

According to interactionists, gender stratification exists because people act toward each other on the basis of the meanings they have for each other, and that these meanings are derived from social interaction.

SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM

Studies show that men initiate up to 96% of all interruptions in cross-sex conversations.

Women, Men and Society 4th Edition 1999; Daniel J. Curran, Claire M. RenzettiSociology 13th Edition 2010 John J. Macionishttp://sociology.about.com/od/Disciplines/a/Sociology-Of-Gender.htmlhttp://www.people.vcu.edu/~jmahoney/gender101.htm#gendertheoryhttp://sociology.about.com/od/Sociological-Theory/a/Feminist-Theory.htmlhttp://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/gender-views-margaret-mead-george-murdock-and-global-views.html#transcript