geo tools for first responders - sotm us 2014 - full version

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Geo Tools for First Responders - including the slides i skipped at SOTM US 2014

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Geo Tools for First

Responders

Richard WeltySOTM-US 2014

1Sunday, April 13, 14

Relevant Typesof Geo Data

• Enhanced 911 Addressing for GPS

• Hydrant data (location)

• Hydrants on water systems (capacity)

• Dry Hydrants (lift, seasonal issues)

• Ponds, Streams

• Landing Zones for Medical Evacuation

• Hazmat

• PrePlan data

2Sunday, April 13, 14

CAMEOfm

• from the EPA• PC based• need a laptop in the field• lots of interesting capabilities for

Hazmat in an aging format

3Sunday, April 13, 14

Alternatives

• “Data Terminals”• Princeton Project• Active911.com• CAMEOfm• Others

4Sunday, April 13, 14

Existing Data Terminals

• Fire Department terminals derived from long standing Police models

• Many functions require radio link to Dispatch

• GPS from commercial map data• Expensive

5Sunday, April 13, 14

iPad/iPhone apps

• One from Princeton for iPad (student project)• Data in Cloud, needs Cell Service

• Active911 - Commercial App• Started as messaging app• GPS capabilities from Google Maps

6Sunday, April 13, 14

How to Deliver

• The data is usually already “somewhere”

• County, City GIS departments• Often unwieldy

• One Capital District department used a rolodex in each truck for hydrant data

• Albany NY hydrant data on paper maps

7Sunday, April 13, 14

OpenStreetMap Changes Things

• Project to build a free map of the world• Open Data project• A Wikipedia of maps, if you will

8Sunday, April 13, 14

Project Inception

• Considering potential for Emergency Services Application since 2009

• Summer 2012 - realized the near term potential for a usable GPS map of Albany

• Digital Maps of US have common problems

• Urban Street grids have issues too

9Sunday, April 13, 14

Common problem: old TIGER

Street Grids in Old Cities

Cortland Street Not Cortland Street

10Sunday, April 13, 14

Commercial GPS Issues

• All digital maps of the US derived from Census Bureau TIGER data

• Lots of errors (much better recently)• Commercial map vendors fix lots of

errors, but not all of them

11Sunday, April 13, 14

Commercial GPS Issues

• TIGER errors not fixed in less populated places

• Long delays in updates• Release schedules typically quarterly• Limited motivation to deal with issues

in less populated areas

12Sunday, April 13, 14

Rensselaer bridge over RR tracks

OSM GPS Maps

• Potentially way better• Continuous updates• Apps usually offer opportunities for

consumers to pull/build current maps• Wiki - Errors can be fixed by users

13Sunday, April 13, 14

OpenFireMap

14Sunday, April 13, 14

Geo Data Assistant

• WiFi only Android Tablet (Nexus 7)• OsmAnd GPS application• Plugin to support Emergency response

specific features• Additional data may come from

elsewhere

15Sunday, April 13, 14

Advantages To Approach

• Commodity Hardware • 32G Nexus 7 is $300 pretty much

everywhere• OsmAnd is Open Source• OpenStreetMap for base database• No major IT infrastructure

requirements

16Sunday, April 13, 14

Internet/Cell Access not a requirement

• Poor to non-existent service in many rural areas

• Good tablets have more than enough storage to support application & data

17Sunday, April 13, 14

Mutual Aid

• Primary use case (at least initially) is Mutual Aid

• Departments/Engine companies responding outside of their normal operational area

• Firefighters experience many problems responding out of area

18Sunday, April 13, 14

addressing in large apartment complexeslack of knowledge about neighborhoodswater system issues - private hydrants, no way to determine capacity of hydrants

Out of Area Response

• Do not know neighborhoods• Do not know water system• Apartment Complexes• Private Hydrant systems

19Sunday, April 13, 14

Extreme Mutual Aid

• 9/11• Hurricane Sandy

20Sunday, April 13, 14

Hydrant Gallery

21Sunday, April 13, 14

dry barrel - discuss featuresSteamer vs hose connectionscolor schemes contain no real information

Hydrant Gallery

• Wet Barrel• West coast• UCLA colors

22Sunday, April 13, 14

Hydrant Gallery

• Wynantskill, NY

• AWWA color scheme

• Blue Caps & Bonnet

• Class AA Hydrant

• > 1500 GPM

23Sunday, April 13, 14

capacity helpful, but you don’t know the capacity until you see the hydrant

AWWA Classification

Class Flow (@ 20PSI) Cap & Bonnet Color

AA More than 1500 GPM Blue

A Between 1500 GPM and 1000 GPM Green

B Between 1000 GPM and 500 GPM Yellow

C Less than 500 GPM Red

24Sunday, April 13, 14

distinguish between static (head) pressure and pressure while operating hydrant

Capacity

• Why is capacity important?• Big fire, need lots of capacity• Drawdown of water in main can

damage appliances in residences (notably hot water heaters)

• Risk of main collapse

25Sunday, April 13, 14

Hydrant Gallery

• Bethlehem, NY• Green = large main• Orange = medium

main• Red = small main

26Sunday, April 13, 14

Hydrant Gallery

• Tag on Steamer connection instead of paint for flow capacity

27Sunday, April 13, 14

problem with painters

Hydrant Gallery

28Sunday, April 13, 14

no Steamer connection on left, only steamer connection on right

Snow

• “If I have to dig one out of the snow it better be a good one”

29Sunday, April 13, 14

Out of Service

• Not all Hydrants are operational

30Sunday, April 13, 14

Out of Service

31Sunday, April 13, 14

can’t see out of service condition until you see the hydrant

Out of service(But it’s a secret)

• NYC “Stubby” hydrant

• High pressure system operated from ca 1905 through 1979

• Stubby hydrants still around in NYC

32Sunday, April 13, 14

reference extreme mutual aid

Is this a hydrant?

• Rural VFD, no pressurized water system

• Lawn Ornament

33Sunday, April 13, 14

Hydrant Gallery

34Sunday, April 13, 14

Sources: ponds, lakes, streamsseasonal issues, lift

Dry Hydrant, but...

35Sunday, April 13, 14

water source is higher than hydrant

Wrench Types

36Sunday, April 13, 14

also apparently triangular and conventional hex heads

Hydrant Display

37Sunday, April 13, 14

OsmAnd+ screenshot

Building Footprints

38Sunday, April 13, 14

Color Code extension

39Sunday, April 13, 14

color code for capacityUse case: observing hydrant capacity while riding in to the scene, stopping tostart laying hose on the way in

OSM Tagging

• Some current tags• emergency=fire_hydrant

• fire_hydrant:type={pillar,pond,underground}

• colour={red,yellow,green,blue,...}

• diameter=12 inches

40Sunday, April 13, 14

pillar - used in Germany, correct in US usage but not common. not used in UK.diameter - main diameterpressure - in bar (head pressure?), not relevant to US operating practicepond - inappropriate conflation

Tagging Issue

• fire_hydrant:type conflates physical type of hydrant and water source• pillar vs pond

41Sunday, April 13, 14

Tagging Issue

• Add new tag• fire_hydrant:water_source={pond,stream,main}

• evolve fire_hydrant:type values• retain pillar,underground

• deprecate pond

• add pipe, dry_barrel, wet_barrel

42Sunday, April 13, 14

Capacity Tags

• Proposed, not currently official• fire_hydrant:capacity=700 GPM

• fire_hydrant:class={AA,A,B,C}

• fire_hydrant:water_source={main,pond,stream}

• Capacity on streams?

43Sunday, April 13, 14

LPM for non-US jurisdictions

Additional Tags

• More proposed tags• color:reflective={white,blue,yellow}

• color:bonnet={red,blue,green,white,...}

• color:cap={red,blue,green,orange,white}

• color:cap=grey;yellow

• in_service={yes,no}

44Sunday, April 13, 14

Examples

emergency=fire_hydrantfire_hydrant:type=dry_barrelfire_hydrant:water_source=maincolour=yellowcolour:cap=bluecolour:bonnet=blue

emergency=fire_hydrantfire_hydrant:type=pipefire_hydrant:water_source=pondcolour=redcolour:reflective=white

45Sunday, April 13, 14

Other Properties

• Outlet sizes, threads• Wrench type and size

• triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal

46Sunday, April 13, 14

• Orientation

• Steamer valve perpendicular to curb vs 45 degree angle

Orientation probably not that important

Dry Hydrant Tags

• Dry hydrant conditions• weeds• low water levels (winter)• lift

47Sunday, April 13, 14

Landing Zones

• Landing Zones (Med Evac)• current tags that are relevant

• name• operator

• need to characterize additional information

48Sunday, April 13, 14

don’t want to use the existing aviation tagging, as that is for general purpose landing facilities, not for emergency LZs

Hazmat Data

• In the US, this actually information of public record

• Probably not be appropriate in OSM• Candidate for private data store

49Sunday, April 13, 14

Hazmat Use Cases

• Materials in building that’s on fire?• Materials in adjacent buildings• Plume direction/danger based on

prevailing winds• CAMEOfm capability that may be

easy to integrate• Potential interaction with GPS

50Sunday, April 13, 14

Other Considerations

• Policy on overriding One Way, Turn Restrictions

• Do we need different maps for different classes of emergency vehicles?

51Sunday, April 13, 14

Making It Happen

• Find a department or group of departments that wants to spend grant money on a pilot

• Need to control size, ambition of pilot

52Sunday, April 13, 14

Making It Happen

• Need to complete TIGER review for pilot area

• Import E911 addresses (and building footprints whenever available)

• OsmAnd needs improvements to handling of US addresses

• Test, Test, Test

53Sunday, April 13, 14

Test, Test, Test

• Select random addresses and verify that you arrive at the right place via a sensible route

• Replay actual calls from prior days• Simulate mutual aid by using prior calls

from different stations

54Sunday, April 13, 14

Requirements for the Department

• Desktop or laptop to extract and build maps. Mac vs PC not important

• Need to train a few department staffers on the system• Figure out who the map geeks are

and train them

55Sunday, April 13, 14

Private Data

• May need to support data that is not appropriate for OSM

• OsmAnd supports layers of data from elsewhere

• May want to extend in plugin• May need to provide a low cost support

service for departments

56Sunday, April 13, 14

Emergency Services Plugin

• Add features to OsmAnd that aren’t needed for the general public

• Special handling for POIs of interest to emergency responders

• Hazmat support• popup dialogs on emergency services

features with additional information

57Sunday, April 13, 14

Measure Success

• Response Times• How good is current response time

data?• How much data is enough to be valid?• Perception of users vs. hard data

58Sunday, April 13, 14

Data Integrity

• Vandalism & Mistakes (OSM is a wiki project after all)

• Monitor changes to map• Only extract new GPS maps after

validating changes• Not a burden if you just stay on top of it

59Sunday, April 13, 14

Indemnification

• OSM and its volunteers do not have resources to fight a lawsuit

• How do we protect them in a modern, lawsuit prone environment?

60Sunday, April 13, 14

Contact Info

• primary: rwelty@averillpark.net• secondary: nfgusedautoparts@gmail.com• OSM: nfgusedautoparts• Twitter: @nfgusedautopart

61Sunday, April 13, 14

Bonus Hydrant Image

• Dry Barrel• Valve at water main• Safety Flange

designed to fail• at grade level

62Sunday, April 13, 14

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