guide: latin american approaches to extractive industry conflict
Post on 04-Apr-2018
223 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
1/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 6
GLLF Frgf: Gbmnmkab Cgxglmykgns
GLLF Segkg: Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc Bmnabs Kfnf`gkgns
@wacg
LFSAN FKG_ABFNFYY_MFBEGR SM GUS_FBSAXG
ANCWRS_Q BMNHLABSR
Seg rfyac guyfnamn m gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag an Lfsan Fkgrabf a
srfnmrkan` seg mbagsag fnc sgrrasmrag an peabe as a mbbwrran`.
Sea yegnmkgnmn ef yrmxmdgc mbafl fnc gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnabs,
gygbafllq anxmlxan` seg rwrfl fnc anca`gnmw bmkkwnasag sefs
frg kms akkgcafsglq fgbsgc. Emp frg Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag
ggdan` sm kasa`fsg fnc fxmac wbe bmnlabs= Sea @wacg rgxagp
seg wncgrlqan` bfwg fnc fbsmr anxmlxgc an gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag
bmnlabs, segn fnflqg Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag rgymng fnc
ymlabag an rgbgns qgfr. As flm fgg seg bmnsguswfl fnc msegrfbsmr sefs efxg gnfolgc segg ymlabag sm og akylgkgnsgc fnc
crfp mws seg kfan lgmn sm og bmnacgrgc an msegr rg`amn.
RWKKF_Q
Seg anbrgfg an mbafl fnc gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnabs
f f rgwls mh seg cgkfnc hmr gusrfbsan` nfswrflrgmwrbg ef yrggc Lfsan Fkgrabf sm
lmmd hmr ngp rgymng sm fccrg segg
bmnabs, `gngrfsan` ansgrgsan`
lgmn lgfrngc hmr msegr rg`amn.
BMKKMN Y_MOLGK FNC _GLGXFNBG
Seg guyfnamn m gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq fbsaxasag an seg lmofl mwse ef sra``grgc
f kqrafc m mbafl fnc gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnabs. An Frabf, segrg frg bmnabs mxgr
ymllwsamn, wbe f mxgr mal bmnsfkanfsamn an seg Na`gr _axgr Cglsf fnc kfll+bflg
kanan` bmnsfkanfsamn an Sfnzfnaf. Kmrgmxgr, segrg frg bmnlabs rglfsgc sm lmbfllaxglaemmc cg`rfcfsamn mr mrbgc caylfbgkgns, wbe f an Omspfnf, @efnf, Nfkaoaf
fnc Sfnzfnaf. Faf a emkg sm mbam+gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnabs an gxgrfl gusrfbsaxg
asg, wbe f an Ancmngaf, Yfywf Ngp @wangf, seg Yealayyang fnc Sefalfnc, fnc gxgn
srfnnfsamnfl frkgc bmnabs, f mr gufkylg an Ancaf, frmwnc mlc kanan`.6
An Lfsan Fkgrabf, bmnabs fmbafsgc pase gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq cgxglmykgns frg flm
pacgyrgfc, an yfrsabwlfr an gusrfbsaxg asg pegrg lmbfl ymywlfsamn efxg rgmrsgc sm
bmnrmnsfsamn pase seg sfsg mr yraxfsg bmrymrfsamn mxgr lfnc wg, gnxarmnkgnsfl
bmnsfkanfsamn fnc casraowsamn m rgmwrbg rgxgnwg. Emp sm wncgrsfnc, yrgxgns,
fnc kfnf`g bmnabs bgnfram an seg rgflk m gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq guyfnamn a f
bmkylgu fnc bmnsgus+ygbab awg Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag frg srqan` sm fccrg.
6Yealayyang Kagrgmr Yfrsngreay, Anb. 29 Fyral ?96?.Yealayyang: Kanan`, Bmnabs Fnc Cgfse M Anca`gnmw Ygmylg An Sfkyfdfn. Glgbsrmnabywolabfsamn4 Ngk Ran`e, J. 1 Jfnwfrq ?96?. Seg _gmwrbg Bwrg: @mxgrnan` Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag an seg @lmofl Rmwse. G+Ansgrnfsamnfl _glfsamn,glgbsrmnab kf`fzang4 Bemyrf, D. ?999.GnxarmnkgnsflAwg an Rmwse Faf: Segmrq, Ymlabq fnc Ansaswsamn mr @mxgrnfnbg. AG@ Pmrdan` Yfygr ?98.Ansaswsg m Gbmnmkab @rmpse, Cglea.
LGRRMNR LGF_NGC
DGQ
Yfrsabayfsmrq ymlabag fnc kgbefnak
hmr hmsgran` rwrfl cgxglmykgns ylfnnan`
frg dgq an bmnabs yrgxgnsamn.
Gsfolaean` f srfnyfrgns caflm`wg
fnc ng`msafsamn yrmbg a seg mnlq pfq
sm kfansfan bmnabs wncgr bmnsrml fnc
rgfbe mbafllq wsfanfolg f`rggkgns.
Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag yrmxg sefs
bmnabs srfnhmrkfsamn a ymaolg an
seg gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag.
http://www.e-ir.info/2012/01/09/the-myth-of-the-resource-curse-governing-extractive-industries-in-the-global-south/http://www.e-ir.info/2012/01/09/the-myth-of-the-resource-curse-governing-extractive-industries-in-the-global-south/http://indigenouspeoplesissues.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14821:philippines-mining-conflict-and-death-of-indigenous-peoples-in-tampakan&catid=32&Itemid=65http://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://iegindia.org/workpap/wp206.pdfhttp://www.e-ir.info/2012/01/09/the-myth-of-the-resource-curse-governing-extractive-industries-in-the-global-south/http://indigenouspeoplesissues.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14821:philippines-mining-conflict-and-death-of-indigenous-peoples-in-tampakan&catid=32&Itemid=65http://ella.practicalaction.org/ -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
2/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS ?
MXG_XAGP MH SEG LFSAN FKG_ABFN _GRYMNRG
An Lfsan Fkgrabf, seg gbmnmkab ommk rmk rgmwrbg
gusrfbsamn ef yrmcwbgc fn anbrgfg an seg nwkogr m mbaflfnc gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnlabs, yrakfralq ogspggn gusrfbsaxg
bmkyfnag fnc lmbfl bmkkwnasag, wbe f an Fr`gnsanf,
Omlaxaf, Bealg, Bmlmkoaf, Gbwfcmr fnc Ygrw. Seg Ygrwxafn
bfg a rgyrggnsfsaxg m kfnq bmwnsrag an seg rg`amn, pegrg
anbrgfan` kanan` yrmcwbsamn ef oggn kgs pase anbrgfan`
nwkogr m bmnabs, f seg befrs oglmp emp.
Mpn glfomrfsamn.Rmwrbg: Cfsf rmk seg Rmbagcfc Nfbamnfl cg Kangrf, Ygsrlgm q Gngr`f%Nfsamnfl Rmbagsq m Kanan`, Ygsrmlgwk fnc Gngr`q! fnc seg YgrwxafnMkowckfn.
Befrs 6: Gusrfbsaxg Anxgskgns fnc _gymrsgc Bmnabs an Ygrw?997+?969
3,799
3,999
2,799
2,999
?,799
?,999
6,999
6,799
799
9?997
9
?9
39
89
59
699
6?9
639
?998 ?990 ?995 ?991 ?969
Anxgskgns Bmnabs
WR#Kallamn
Nwkogrmbmnhabs
Gusrfbsaxg Anxgskgns fnc rgymrsgc bmnhabs an Ygrw ?997+?969
WNCG_RSFNCAN@ SEG BFWRGR MH GUS_FBSAXG
RGBSM_ BMNHLABSR AN LFSAN FKG_ABF
Sm ogssgr wncgrsfnc Lfsan Fkgrabf gmrs sm kfnf`g as
bmnlabs, ars pg yrggns fn fgkgns m seg mwr kfan
bfwg m wbe bmnlabs. Seg ars a seg bmnmlacfsamn m
f yrakfrq guymrs kmcgl sefs ef sra``grgc f ngp bqblg m
`gm`rfyeab guyfnamn m gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs an seg rg`amn. Sea
guyfnamn ef oggn lgc oq f efncwl m gusrfbsaxg bmrymrfsamn,
kfanlq yraxfsg+gbsmr an kanan`, fnc ywolab+yraxfsg kau mr
sfsg+mpngc an mal fnc f. Seg rmpse an gusrfbsaxg fbsaxasag
an swrn ef anbrgfgc yrgwrg mn lmbfl, rwrfl fnc anca`gnmw
bmkkwnasag rgmwrbg. Bwrrgnslq, bmnbgamn mr gusrfbsaxg
yrmjgbs bmxgr xfs frgf m rwrfl lfnc, anblwcan` anca`gnmw
sgrrasmrag fnc frgf gs facg mr nfswrfl yrggrxfsamn.
Lfsan Fkgrabf a befrfbsgragc oq f bmnsangns+pacg ywe sm
mygn ngp rmnsagr mr gusrfbsamn.? Seg Fncgfn bmwnsrag +
Omlaxaf, Bmlmkoaf, Gbwfcmr, Ygrw fnc Xgngzwglf + frg f `mmc
gufkylg m seg f``rgaxg guyfnamn m gusrfbsaxg fbsaxasag.
An Ygrw, 83 eqcrmbfromn olmbd bmxgr kmrg sefn 09' m seg
bmwnsrq Fkfzmnafn sgrrasmrq, pase 66 olmbd mxgrlfqan`
yrmsgbsgc frgf fnc 75 mxgrlfyyan` anca`gnmw+saslgc
bmkkwnasag. An Gbwfcmr, spm+ searc m seg Fkfzmn a zmngc mr
eqcrmbfromn guyfnamn. An Omlaxaf, 77' m seg nfsamnfl sgrrasmrqa bmnacgrgc sm og zmng mr ymsgnsafl eqcrmbfromn guylmasfsamn
sefs ef oggn fa`ngc sm Omlaxaf sfsg+mpngc mal bmkyfnq
QYHO mr guylmrfsamn, mxgrlfyyan` nfswrfl yrmsgbsgc frgf fnc
anca`gnmw sgrrasmrag.2
Rgbmnc, seg rg`amn ef lmplq ggn seg gnc m mbafl cgfl an
peabe rgmwrbg wg fnc bmnsfkanfsamn pgrg ggn f m+gs
oq seg ymasaxg akyfbs m kfaxg lmbfl gkylmqkgns an mkg
gusrfbsaxg asg.3 Kmcgrn, lfr`g+bflg gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs nmp
nggc mnlq f rglfsaxglq kfll fnc ea`elq vwflagc lfomwr mrbg,
m gusrfbsaxg bmkyfnag nm lmn`gr mgr seg fkg lgxgl
m lmbfl gkylmqkgns. An seg bfg m mygn+yas kang, peabe
rgvwarg f lfr`gr fkmwns m lmbfl nfswrfl rgmwrbg wbe f
pfsgr fnc lfnc, cwg sm segar bflg m yrmcwbsamn,7 pefs bfn
gusrfbsaxg bmkyfnag mgr an gubefn`g mr lmbfl rgmwrbg
wg= Rmkgsakg bmkyfnag mgr cgxglmykgns asgl, ows sea
a f rfsegr fkoa`wmw fnc efrc sm wll rgpfrc sefs bfn segn
ogbmkg fnmsegr mwrbg m sgnamn fnc ymsgnsafl bmnabs.
Sea ef kgfns sefs seg mbw m bmnlabs ef easgc rmk
lfomwr sm gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnbgrn. Pmrdgr wnamn efxg oggnrgylfbgc oq rwrfl mr anca`gnmw bmkkwnasag f yrmsf`mnas
m lmbfl bmnabs, anbg nmpfcfq bmkygsasamn a nms mr ogssgr
flfrag ows mr lmbfl lfnc fnc pfsgr rgmwrbg.8 F Ogooan`smn
fr`wg, seg gnxarmnkgns ef ogbmkg fn anbrgfan`lq akymrsfns
cmkfan m bmnsgnsamn fnc mbafl kmoalafsamn, ogbmkan` omse f
xgeablg fnc fn mojgbsaxg m bmnsgnsamw ymlasab, anwgnban` seg
pfq an peabe ymlasab a mr`fnagc fnc ygrmrkgc.0
?Ogooan`smn, F. ?991.Seg Ngp Gusrfbsamn: _gprasan` seg Ymlasabfl Gbmlm`q m seg Fncg. NFBLF _gymrs mn seg Fkgrabf3?%7! 6?+?9.2 Rgg kmrg anmrkfsamn an seg Guylmrfsamn Oaccan` _mwnc Omlaxafpgoasg. An ?96?, seg Omlaxafn mxgrnkgns yrmkmsgc fn guylmrfsamn oaccan` rmwnc
sm fg seg gnsarg eqcrmbfromn ymsgnsafl m seg bmwnsrq, an lang pase seg ylfnngc fbsamn m seg Eqcrmbfromn 2975 Lfp.3 Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws emp mbafl labgnbg pf fnc a nmp mosfangc an Lfsan Fkgrabf, gg seg GLLF Orag: Hrmk Guyrmyrafsamn sm Rmbafl Labgnbg:Fbbgan` Lfnc mr Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag.7 eWfllfbean, O., Kfssegp, _. 6118._gsrwbswran` m Yrakfrq Ancwsrag: Sgbenmlm`q, Lfomr, fnc Bmrymrfsg Rsrfsg`q fnc Bmnsrml an seg FrazmnfBmmygr Ancwsrq. Gbmnmkab @gm`rfyeq0?%?! 618+?67.8 Cfkmnsg, @. ?995. Seg Srfnnfsamnflazfsamn m seg Kanan` Ancwsrq an Ygrw fnc Omlaxaf. An: Cfkmnsg, @. Seg Bmnsaswsamn m Ymlasabfl Fbsmr: YgffnsBmkkwnasag, Kanan` fnc Kmoalazfsamn an Omlaxafn fnc Ygrwxafn Fncg. XCK Xgrlf`, Ogrlan.0Ogooan`smn, F., Ewkyergq Ogooan`smn, C., Owrq, J. ?969. Hgcgrfsan` fnc Cggncan`: Pfsgr, Sgrrasmrq fnc Gusrfbsamn an seg Fncg. An: Omglgn, _.,@gsbeg, C., @wgxfrf @al, F. %gc.! Seg Ymlasab m Pfsgr _a`es fnc Acgnsasq an seg Fncg. Gfrsebfn, Lmncmn.
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snmpe.org.pe%2Fportalhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensoria.gob.pe%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensoria.gob.pe%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ypfb.gob.bo%2Fhttp://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington_NACLAReport.pdfhttp://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington_NACLAReport.pdfhttp://www.boliviarondaexploracion.com/en/http://www.boliviarondaexploracion.com/en/http://www.boliviarondaexploracion.com/en/http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/990http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/990http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/990http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/144266?uid=3738800&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=21101027346703http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/144266?uid=3738800&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=21101027346703http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/144266?uid=3738800&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=21101027346703http://people.ucsc.edu/~jbury/Publications/Bebbington%20et%20al,%202010,%20Federating%20and%20Defending.pdfhttp://people.ucsc.edu/~jbury/Publications/Bebbington%20et%20al,%202010,%20Federating%20and%20Defending.pdfhttp://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/144266?uid=3738800&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=21101027346703http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/144266?uid=3738800&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=21101027346703http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/990http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/990http://www.boliviarondaexploracion.com/en/http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington_NACLAReport.pdfhttp://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ypfb.gob.bo%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensoria.gob.pe%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensoria.gob.pe%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snmpe.org.pe%2Fportal -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
3/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 2
Omu 6: Seg Srfnnfsamnflafsamn m Kanan` fnc
Bmnhabs an Omlaxaf fnc Ygrw
Cwran` seg 6159 fnc 6119, seg Omlaxafn fnc Ygrwxafn`mxgrnkgns akylgkgnsgc f grag m kfrdgs+mragnsfsgc srwbswrfl rgmrk an mrcgr sm jwky sfrsseg gbmnmkq. Segg rgmrk fbalasfsgc seg gnsrq mkwlsanfsamnfl bmrymrfsamn ansm seg lmbfl gbmnmkag,pealg fs seg fkg sakg rgcwbgc seg sfsg yrggnbg fskanan` asg, fxmwran` seg akylgkgnsfsamn m bmrymrfsgymlabag ansgfc m ywolab mng.
Seg ymlabq yfbdf`g anblwcgc axg dgq rgmrk: 6!yraxfsafsamn m kang, mrg fnc mal cgymas4 ?! sfurgmrk, anblwcan` sfu sfoalafsamn, sfu emlacfq fnc f`gngrfl sfu rgcwbsamn mr anxgskgns4 2! ngp f`rfrafnlg`fl rfkgpmrd fakgc fs anbmrymrfsan` rwrfl fncanca`gnmw lfnc ansm lfnc kfrdgs4 3! cgrg`wlfsamn mlfomwr4 fnc anfllq, 7! ngp gnxarmnkgnsfl fnc mbaflrg`wlfsamn. Sea ngp bgnfram brgfsgc ymlasabflsgnamn anbg mrkfl gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq mbafl rwlgpgrg befn`gc pasemws ggbsaxg sfsg rg`wlfsamn.
Flmn` pase segg rgmrk, bmrymrfsamn ansrmcwbgc ngpcabmwrg fnc bmrymrfsg mbafl rgymnaoalasq %BR_!yrfbsabg f f srfsg`q sm rglgfg mbafl sgnamn pealgfxmacan` gkgr`an` bmnlabs. Sea srfsg`q mbwgckfanlq mn sergg kgbefnak: yfqkgns mr seg wg mlmbfl rgmwrbg4 bmkygnfsamn mr ng`fsaxg akyfbs mnlmbfl laxglaemmc, anblwcan` gnxarmnkgnsfl cg`rfcfsamn4fnc yrmkmsan` lmbfl wsfanfolg cgxglmykgns, peabeakylagc bmkyfnag pmwlc rgylfbg seg yrmsf`mnas rmlgm seg sfsg. Empgxgr, BR_ ef nms lgc sm as guygbsgcmwsbmkg. Bmkyfnag efxg falgc sm wncgrsfnc lmbflbmnbgrn fnc ymlasab fnc segar bmnwlsfsamn yrmbggefxg nms oggn lg`asakfsgc oq lmbfl ymywlfsamn. Pasemwsfcgvwfsg sfsg rg`wlfsamn fnc lmbfl yfrsabayfsamn, BR_ymlabag efxg bgrsfan lakas an yrgxgnsan` bmnabs.
Rmwrbg: Cfkmnsg, @. ?995. Seg Srfnnfsamnflazfsamn m seg Kanan` Ancwsrq anYgrw fnc Omlaxaf. An: Cfkmnsg, @.Seg Bmnsaswsamn m Ymlasabfl Fbsmr: YgffnsBmkkwnasag, Kanan` fnc Kmoalazfsamn an Omlaxafn fnc Ygrwxafn Fncg. XCKXgrlf`, Ogrlan.
Searc, caf`rggkgns fomws emp sm casraowsg fnc wg seg ew`g
rgxgnwg gngrfsgc oq gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs wgl bmnabs.5 Sfolg
6 %ngus yf`g! emp cagrgnbg an seg fllmbfsamn m gusrfbsaxg
rmqflsq yfqkgns fbbmrcan` sm sergg cagrgns `mxgrnkgns
fyyrmfbeg. Mng m seg kms nmsabgfolg gfswrg m sea sergg+
bmwnsrq bmkyframn a f kmrg ygbaagc fllmbfsamn m seg
rmqflsq yfqkgns fbbmrcan` sm cagrgns bgnsrfl `mxgrnkgns
gbsmr an Orfzal fnc Bealg. Ygrefy kms akymrsfnslq, seg
sfolg cgkmnsrfsg f kmrg rgcasraowsaxg kmcgl an Orfzal fnc
Ygrw, bmkyfrgc sm f kmrg bgnsrflagc fllmbfsamn yfssgrn an
Bealg bgnsrfl mxgrnkgns.
Bwrrgnslq, gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag f rg ea`elq yrmasfolg
owangg sefnd sm anbrgfan` yrmcwbsamn xmlwkg, fllan`
yrmcwbsamn bms fnc easmrabfllq ea`e bmkkmcasq yrabg.
Rggan` seg ea`e yrms m yraxfsg bmkyfnag, seg kmslq ymmr
frgf pegrg gusrfbsamn fbswfllq efyygn sraxg mr f ogssgr
efrg m gusrfbsaxg rmqflsag. Kmrgmxgr, f mkg fwsemr
fr`wg, seg srfsg`q wgc oq seg `mxgrnkgns sm casraowsgrmqflsag gnc wy befllgn`an` seg cgbaamn kfdan` bmnsgus m
cgxglmykgns yrmkmsamn an wonfsamnfl mxgrnkgns: an seg
fbg m anbrgfan` rmqflsq rgxgnwg, bmnabs fnc bmkygsasamn
sm bmnsrml segg rgxgnwg flm anbrgfg. Sea lgfc sm f
ymlfragc ymlasabfl `fkg, rgwlsan` an emrs+sgrk ymlabag
ansgfc m yrmkmsan` lmn`+sgrk lmbfl cgxglmykgns yrmbgg.1
Hmwrse, mkg bmnlabs frg fmbafsgc pase `mxgrnfnbg
pgfdngg wbe f lfbd m srfnyfrgnbq mr seg yrggnbg m
bmrrwysamn mr xamlgnbg an gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs. Mn seg mng efnc,
rwlg frg nms flpfq pgll+cgngc, lgfxan` rmmk mr anmrkfl
cgfl mr xamlgns gyamcg ogspggn bmkyfnq mabgr, sfsg
rgyrggnsfsaxg fnc lmbfl baxal mbagsq lgfcgr. Mn seg msegr
efnc, falwrg sm bmkylq pase yrmkag mr f`rggkgns oq fnq m
seg yfrsag anxmlxgc an gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs ef lgc sm bmnabs
kfanlq pegn segrg frg nms blgfr mr fbbgysgc rgfmn mr seg
lfbd m bmkylafnbg.
Hmr gufkylg, mng m seg kms gxgrg bfg m ymllwsamn an
Lfsan Fkgrabf, dnmpn f seg Fkfzmn Begrnmoql, pf
bmkymwncgc oq yrmolgk m srfnyfrgnbq fnc bmrrwysamn.Seg bfg `mg fll seg pfq ofbd sm 6183 pegn Sgufbm %lfsgr
ywrbefgc oq Begxrmn! fangc ygrkaamn sm gusrfbs mal an seg
Gbwfcmrafn Fkfzmn rg`amn. Flsemw`e sea rg`amn pf emkg
sm anca`gnmw bmkkwnasag, segq pgrg nms gxgn anmrkgc
pegn seg anasafsamn m gusrfbsamn fbsaxasag og`fn. Hmr mxgr
29 qgfr, seg bmkyfnq cwkygc pfsg ansm mygn yas an seg
mrgs, gramwlq fgbsan` seg gnxarmnkgns fnc anca`gnmw
bmkkwnasag m seg rg`amn. _gbgnslq, an ?966, f jwc`g an
Gbwfcmr mwnc seg bmkyfnq lafolg mr WR #1 oallamn an blgfn+wy
bms, ows Begxrmn ef m fr rgwgc sm yfq.69
5 Hmr f kmrg cgsfalgc cabwamn m emp rgns casraowsamn a rglfsgc sm gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag bmnabs an Lfsan Fkgrabf, rgfc segGLLF Orag: _gnsCasraowsamn fnc Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrq Bmnabs: Seg Lfsan Fkgrabfn Fyyrmfbeg.1Frgllfnm, J. ?966. Kangrf Ran Hrmnsgrf= Bmnabsm q Cgfrrmllm gn lf _g`amng Kangrf cgl Ygr %Kanan` Pasemws Omrcgr= Bmnabs fncCgxglmykgns an seg Kanan` _g`amn m Ygrw!. WF_K, AGY ( YWBY, Lakf.69Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws sea bfg, xaas segpgoasgm seg Begxrmn Smuabm Bfkyfa`n.
http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://chevrontoxico.com/about/http://chevrontoxico.com/about/http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062 -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
4/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 3
Sfolg 6: Bmkyfran` Fllmbfsamn m Gusrfbsaxg _mqflsag: Orfzal,Bealg fnc Ygrw
Ygrbgnsf`g m smsfl rgxgnwg
fllmbfsgc
Orfzal
%?99?+
?990!
Bealg
%?969!
Ygrw
%?969!
Bgnsrfl
`mxgrnkgns
kanasrag-
f`gnbag
Rbagnbg %_(C! 7.7 + 8.7 6.7 +
Cggnbg 9 + 2.2 62.?** +
Gnxarmnkgns-Kasa`fsamn
3.5 + 7.8 + +
Kang ( Gngr`q61.6 +??.7
+ +
Msegr 9 + 6.0* 6?.8*** +
Nmn+ygbagc Rgbsmr + 06.5 38.9
Cgbgnsrflagc
`mxgrnkgns
wnas mrf`gnbag
Yrmcwban` Rsfsg-_g`amn
36.1 +3?.9
9.8 60.8
Yrmcwban`Kwnabayflasag
1.9 + 1.2 + 3.9
Fgbsgc Kwnabayflasag 8.? + 0.3 + +
Wnaxgrasag rmkYrmcwban` Rsfsg-
_g`amn
+ + 3.3
Kwnabayflasag paseanseg yrmcwban` Rsfsg-
_g`amn2.5 + 3.7 + +
Kwnabayflasag paseanseg yrmcwban` Yrmxanbg
+ + ?5.9
Msegr Rsfsg-_g`amn + 9.2 +
Yraxfsg Yraxfsg Lfncmpngr ?.8 + 3.3 + +
SMSFL gusrfbsaxg rgxgnwg 699' 699' 699'
Nmsg: Orfzal fllmbfsg _mqflsag fnc Rygbafl Yfrsabayfsamn %fkmwnsgc sm 691' m
_mqflsag ?99?+90!. Seg fllmbfsamn begkg cgygnc mn pegsegr seg glc a mnemrgmr memrg.* Sea `mg sm f Rygbafl Hwnc sm og casraowsgc fkmn` fll gnsasag pegn yrmcwbsamna memrg.** Seg lfp peabe gs gusrfbsaxg rgns fllmbfsamn ansm seg cggnbg gbsmr ef oggnrgygflgc sea qgfr.*** Sfug fnc caxacgnc rmk ywolab gvwasq rk `m sm seg Gbmnmkab fnc RmbaflRsfoalafsamn Hwnc %GRRH! fbbmrcan` sm fygbab rwlg, fnc a segn wgc sm yrgyfqywolab cgos.
Mpn Glfomrfsamn.Cfsf Rmwrbg: Kmr`fnca, K. ?995._gxgnwg Casraowsamn fs seg Rwo+Nfsamnfl Lgxgl: SegGuygragnbg an Rgxgn _gmwrbg+_abe Bmwnsrag. _gxgnwg Pfsbe Ansaswsg, Ngp Qmrd.
Mxgrfll, Lfsan Fkgrabf bwrrgns gusrfbsaxg guyfnamn ef
`gngrfsgc bmnlabs mxgr bmnsrml fnc wg m rgmwrbg. Seg
bfwg m myymasamn sm gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq yrmjgbs frg nms
mnlq rglfsgc sm lfnc mpngreay fnc gnxarmnkgns yrmsgbsamn,
ows flm sm ygmylg nggc sm bmnsrml segar rgmwrbg fnc cgbacg
mn seg bmwrg m segar laxg.66
An sea gng, Ogooan`smn fr`wgsefs mbafl bmnabs kfdg gxacgns emp bmkygsan` kmcgl fnc
bmnbgys mcgxglmykgns asglbmguas an rglfsamn m bmnabs mr
qngr`q. Seg cgxglmykgns kmcgl eglc oq mbafl kmxgkgns
nggc sm og sfdgn ansm fbbmwns an mrcgr sm wncgrsfnc fnc
rgymnc wbbgwllq sm bmnabs.6? An Lfsan Fkgrabf, segg
bmnlabs efxg segrgmrg ylfbgc seg rglfsamneay ogspggn
gbmnmkab cgxglmykgns, gnxarmnkgnsfl vwflasq, lfnc fnc
ewkfn ra`es mn seg ywolab f`gncf an ngp fnc ympgrwl
pfq.62
DGQ FBSM_R AN LFSAN FKG_ABFN BMNHLABSR
Bwrrgns bmnlabs efxg rgxmlxgc frmwnc sergg kfan gs m
fbsmr: seg sfsg, seg gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq bmrymrfsamn fnc seg
lmbfl ymywlfsamn. Ansgrgsan`lq, an Lfsan Fkgrabf gfbe m segg
fbsmr ef cgxglmygc cagrgns ymasamn fnc xmabg cwran` seg
wnmlcan` m bmnabsaxg bgnfram.
@mxgrnkgns: Rsfsg efxg sragc sm yrggns bmegrgns ymlabag
fnc ymlasabfl ymasamn pegn fban` mbafl bmnabs, ows segq
efxg nms oggn xgrq bfyfolg m kfansfanan` sefs bmegrgnbg.
Mn seg mng efnc, segrg frg bmkkmn ymlasabfl rfbswrg fkmn`
sfsg fbsmr. Pealg fbsmr an sfsg kanan` fnc mal gbsmr
sgnc sm og bmnasgnslq wyymrsaxg m gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs,
gnxarmnkgnsfl f`gnbag fnc mkowckfn mbg mkgsakg
efxg oggn lg wyymrsaxg cwran` fn mn`man` bmnlabs. Sea
bfn lgfc sm bmnabs pasean seg mxgrnkgns asgl. An mng sgllan`
gufkylg, bmnsrfcabsmrq myanamn fomws seg bmnsrmxgrafl
Gnxarmnkgnsfl Akyfbs Fgkgns %GAF! mr seg Bmn`f kanan`
yrmjgbs lgc sm fn gusgnaxg rgewhg m Ygrw bfoangs an ?96?.
Bmkyfnag: Seg bmrymrfsamn, f pgll f as woacafrag fncwobmnsrfbsgc bmkyfnag, frg dgq fbsmr an fll gusrfbsaxg
bmnabs. Seg kfan bmrymrfsamn srq sm emp f an`lg bmrymrfsg
bwlswrg ofgc mn bmrymrfsg mbafl rgymnaoalasq %BR_!
yranbaylg. Empgxgr, an mkg bfg nms fll woacafrag efxg
mllmpgc seg fkg mbafl ymlabq, gngrfsan` anbmnasgnbag
ogspggn bmrymrfsg cabmwrg fnc woacafrq bmkyfnag
fbswfl yrfbsabg. An Ygrw, Ngpkmns Kanan` sfncfrc
fnc cabmwrg rglfsan` sm seg yrfbsabg m as woacafrq
kanan` bmkyfnq Qfnfbmbef a fn gufkylg m sea. Pegn
seg Bemrmyfkyf kgrbwrq yall efyygngc %gg Omu ?!,
66 Lfylfnsg, L., Rygfr, R. ?995. Mws m seg Bmnabs Zmng: Seg Bfg mr Bmkkwnasq Bmngns Yrmbgg an seg Gusrfbsaxg Rgbsmr.Qflg Ewkfn _a`esfnc Cgxglmykgns Lfp Jmwrnfl66 81+668.6? Ogooan`smn, F., gs fl. ?995. Kanan` fnc Rmbafl Kmxgkgns: Rsrw``lg Mxgr Laxglaemmc fnc _wrfl Sgrrasmrafl Cgxglmykgns an seg Fncg.PmrlcCgxglmykgns28 %6?! ?555?197.62 Ogooan`smn ?991, fomxg n ?.
http://www.minhda.cl/english/sovereign-wealth-funds/economic-and-social-stabilization-fund.htmlhttp://www.minhda.cl/english/sovereign-wealth-funds/economic-and-social-stabilization-fund.htmlhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1288105http://enviro.lclark.edu/resources/ecuador/MiningAndOil/Mining.pdfhttp://enviro.lclark.edu/resources/ecuador/MiningAndOil/Mining.pdfhttp://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1288105http://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.minhda.cl/english/sovereign-wealth-funds/economic-and-social-stabilization-fund.html -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
5/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 7
bmnsrfcabsgc seg bmkyfnq sfsgkgns mn segar mygrfsamn
bmkylafnbg pase WR gnxarmnkgnsfl sfncfrc. Fbswfllq,
fbbmrcan` sm Dwrlfncgr, Qfnfbmbef pf nms gxgn bmkylqan`pase Ygrwxafn sfncfrc, fnc seg bmkyfnq yrfbsabg
pgrg m gramw sefs gnamr gugbwsaxg bmwlc og wojgbs sm
brakanfl yrmgbwsamn fnc akyramnkgns.63 An fccasamn, BR_
yranbaylg pgrg nms bmkkmnlq fcmysgc fnc yrfbsabgc oq
wobmnsrfbsgc bmkyfnag. Rwbe bmnsrfcabsmrq cabmwrg
fnc yrfbsabg efxg rgvwgnslq kfrrgc bmkkwnabfsamn fnc seg
ymlasabfl rglfsamneay ogspggn bmkyfnq mbafl fnc seg lmbfl
ymywlfsamn, brgfsan` f grsalg yfbg mr bmnabs sm frag.
Lmbfl fbsmr: Fs sea lgxgl, seg lmbfl ymywlfsamn, f pgll
f baxal mbagsq lgfcgr, frg seg kfan fbsmr an gusrfbsaxg
ancwsrq bmnabs. Seg lmbflasq, an kfnq gng, ef nm blgfr
omwncfrag fnc bfnnms og blgfrlq cgangc. Lmbflasag kfq
gnbmkyf gsenab rmwy, rwrfl bmkkwnasag, frkgr mr basq
cpgllgr. Ladgpag, lmbfl ymywlfsamn bfn mr`fnag segkglxg
an kfnq lmbfl, nfsamnfl mr gxgn srfnnfsamnfl ansaswsamn mr
mr`fnafsamn, wbe f anca`gnmw mr ygffns bmkkwnasag,
rwrfl mr wrofn mr`fnafsamn, wnamn, ymlasabfl yfrsag fnc
rgla`amw rmwy, fkmn` msegr. Kmrgmxgr, seg lmbfl ymywlfsamn
bfn og ymlasabfllq rgyrggnsgc oq mrkfl mr anmrkfl lgfcgr.
An fnq bfg, semw`e, gmrs kws og kfcg sm cgang fnc
wncgrsfnc lmbflasag mr gfbe ygbaab gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs. Sm
wncgrsfnc seg lmbflasq an ymlasabfl sgrk, as a wncfkgnsfl sm
acgnsaq lmbfl ymlasabfl ansgrgs, mwrbg m ympgr fnc srw``lg
rmk f easmrabfl ygrygbsaxg. Kmrgmxgr, bwrrgns lmbfl srw``lg
kws og bmnsguswflazgc pasean f ormfcgr lmofl kmxgkgns sefs
brmg seg omrcgr m Lfsan Fkgrabf, wbe f seg gnxarmnkgnsfl
jws abg kmxgkgns. 67 Semg srfnnfsamnfl fllafnbg efxg
srgn`segngc mbafl kmxgkgns, owalcan` fnc cgxglmyan`
bfyfbasag, yrmxacan` kmrg lg`asakfsg fr`wkgns fnc smml, fncgugrsan ansgrnfsamnfl yrgwrg mn seg sfsg fnc bmkyfnag.
LFSAN FKG_ABFN _GRYMNRGR: H_MK Y_MSGRSR
FNC XAMLGNBG SM CAFLM@WG
Lfsan Fkgrabfn `mxgrnkgns srfsg`ag sm rgymnc sm fnc
kfnf`g bmnabs efxg xfragc mxgr sakg fnc fbbmrcan` sm msegr
mbam+ymlasabfl xfrafolg. Ofabfllq, segrg efxg oggn spm pfq
m fyyrmfbean` bmnabs rmk f `mxgrnkgnsfl ygrygbsaxg:
bmnrmnsfsamn fnc caflm`wg.
Omu ?: Lfbd m Srfnyfrgnbq an seg _gymng sm
Bmnhabs Kgrbwrq Ryall an Bemrmyfkyf, YgrwMn Jwng ?nc, ?999, f srwbd srfnymrsan` kgrbwrq smQfnfbmbef, seg lfr`gs `mlc kang an Rmwse Fkgrabf,lmbfsgc an Bfjfkfrbf, Ygrw, yallgc 676 dalm`rfk mlavwac kgrbwrq mxgr f ?7+kalg lmn` frgf, bmnsfkanfsan`seg smpn m Bemrmyfkyf fnc spm nga`eomwran` xallf`g.Seg xallf`gr akkgcafsg rgymng pf sm bmllgbs segkgsfl, wnfpfrg m as ymsgnsafl cfn`gr. Mxgr seg ngusgp cfq, Qfnfbmbef eargc xallf`g qmwse sm blgfn segea`epfq fnc yfac xallf`gr sm rgswrn kgrbwrq. F frgwls, fbbmrcan` sm f mxgrnkgns gsakfsg, kmrg sefn
199 ygmylg pgrg ymamngc, fnc bmnsanwgc wgran` seg`rfxg ggbs kfnq qgfr fsgr.
Pegn seg qkysmk m ymamnan` fyygfrgc fnc ygmylgog`fn sm bmkylfan, seg bmkyfnq rgymncgc oq cgnqan`bwlyfoalasq. An fbs, sea a mng m seg kms flfrkan` bfgan Lfsan Fkgrabf pegrg f bmkyfnq rs rgymng smbmnabs pf kfrdgc oq f cglaogrfsg bmnbgflkgns fnckfnaywlfsamn m anmrkfsamn. Seg bmkyfnq gxgn eargcfn ansgrnfsamnfl smuabmlm`q guygrs, Cr. Kabefgl Dmngss,sm fr`wg sefs kgrbwrq bmwlc og glakanfsgc an f gppggd, pase nm lmn`+sgrk rad.
Sea aswfsamn pf pmrgngc oq bmrrwysamn, kfnagsgcoq seg bmkylabasq m mkg sfsg fnc baxal mbagsq fbsmrpase seg bmkyfnq ymasamn. Egflse yrmgamnfl frgfn wnmrswnfsg gufkylg, rmk semg pmrdan` an seg lmbflegflse yms fll seg pfq sm seg egfc m seg rg`amnfl emyasflm Bfjfkfrbf pem anasafllq cgnagc sefs kgrbwrq bmwlc ogefrkwl. BF_G, fn N@M pmrdan` an Bfjfkfrbf, yrmxacgcormbewrg pase anmrkfsamn sefs fwrgc ygmylg sefskgrbwrq bmwlc og nfswrfllq glakanfsgc, anmrkfsamn sefspf flg an seg fbg m seg gxacgnbg m ea`e lgxgl mkgrbwrq an seg omcag m seg fgbsgc ygmylg.
Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws sea bfg, gg seg emrs cmbwkgnsfrqBemrmyfkyf: Seg Yrabg m @mlc, yrmcwbgc oq@wfrfn`mHalk fnc Xacgm, Ygrw, ?99?. Seg yrmcwbgr efxg flmkfcg sea @wacg sm seg Cmbwkgnsfrq pase fccasamnflofbd`rmwnc anmrkfsamn fnc rgmwrbg fomws sea fncmsegr Ygrwxafn gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag bmnabs.
63 Ygrlgz, J., Lmpgll, O. 68 Nmxgkogr ?997. Seg Bms m @mlc: Srgfwrg m Qfnfbmbef Sfn`lgc Rsrfnc an Ha`es Mxgr Ygrw @mlc Kang. Regll sm RgfGlgbsrmnab Kf`fzang.67 Bfrrwsegr, C. %gc.!. ?995 Gnxarmnkgnsfl Jwsabg an Lfsan Fkgrabf: Yrmolgk, Yrmkag, fnc Yrfbsabg. Bfkorac`g, KAS Yrg, Omsmn.
Lfprgnbg Dwrlfncgr, f gnamr gugbwsaxg m Ngpkmns an seg
Wnasgc Rsfsg, pf gns sm bmncwbs fn gnxarmnkgnsfl fwcas
m seg kang. Eg mwnc egflse, pfsgr fnc lfnc yrmolgk sefs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dW7zn0SbrV4http://guarango.org/index2.htmlhttp://guarango.org/index2.htmlhttp://guarango.org/index2.htmlhttp://www.guarango.org/downloads/The-Price-of--gold-booklet-eng.pdfhttp://www.shelltosea.com/node/592http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262533006intro1.pdfhttp://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262533006intro1.pdfhttp://www.shelltosea.com/node/592http://www.guarango.org/downloads/The-Price-of--gold-booklet-eng.pdfhttp://guarango.org/index2.htmlhttp://guarango.org/index2.htmlhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dW7zn0SbrV4 -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
6/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 8
Yrmsgs
An seg yfs, sfsg fnc bmkyfnag rgymncgc pase xamlgnbg sm
yrmsgsgr an bmnabs frmwnc gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs. Segrg frgkfnq smrag m bmkyfnag gbwrasq ygrmnngl gugrbaan`
ancabrakanfsg xamlgnbg f`fans lmbfl yrmsgsgr fnc sfsg
mrbg rgyrgan` kangr wnamn an seg kanan` asg m seg
?9se bgnswrq. Empgxgr, nmp bmkyfnag fnc sfsg mrbg rfrglq
frg folg sm wg ancabrakanfsg xamlgnbg f`fans yrmsgsgr,
kfanlq ogbfwg cgkmbrfsab rwlg cglg`asakag ancabrakanfsg
xamlgnbg, baxal mbagsq `rmwy frg srmn`gr, fnc nmng m seg
fbsmr bmncmng xamlgnbg, fs lgfs nms mygnlq.
Bwrrgnslq, bmnlabs frg kmrg xaaolg pealg guyrgan`
cabmnsgns sermw`e ywolab cgkmnsrfsamn, peabe a sqyabfllqbmnacgrgc f lg`asakfsg guyrgamn an Lfsan Fkgrabfn
mbagsag. As a bmkkmn sm gg ygffns mr basq cpgllgr
kmoalaan` an seg srggs an myymasamn sm kanan` mr mal yrmjgbs,
gasegr kfrbean`, olmbdan` fbsaxasag mr jws kggsan`. An
yfrsabwlfr, an Omlaxaf, Bmlmkoaf, Gbwfcmr fnc Ygrw, kfaxg
srggs kmoalafsamn f`fans gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs bfn og guygbsgc
a seg yrmolgk a nms rgmlxgc, pealg seg cgkmnsrfsamn a nmn+
xamlgns. An Fr`gnsanf fnc Bealg, cgkmnsrfsmr sgnc sm wg lg
lfr`g+bflg kmoalafsamn, fnc kmrg m msegr fbsamn wbe f
raswflagc qkomlab yrmsgs, mxgrna`es `fsegran` mr xarswfl
cgkmnsrfsamn xaf mbafl ngspmrd.
Rmkgsakg yrmsgs bfn yrgfc ogqmnc seg lmbflasq, fbvwaran`
f yrmxanbafl, rg`amnfl, nfsamnfl mr gxgn srfnnfsamnfl
cakgnamn sefnd sm ymlasabfl frsabwlfsamn, fcxmbfbq ngspmrd
fnc kgcaf bmxgrf`g %gg Omu 2!. An sea gng, kanan` asg
efxg ogbmkg srfnnfsamnfl lmbfsamn m bmnsgnsamn.
Caflm`wg
An bmnsrfs sm xamlgns mrk m guyrgan` fnc rgmlxan`
bmnlabs, kmrg cgkmbrfsab rgymng efxg flm sfdgn
ylfbg an Lfsan Fkgrabf, mbwan` mn fbalasfsan` caflm`wg fnc
yrmkmsan` bmnwlsfsamn yrmbgg. _gbgnslq, Lfsan Fkgrabfn
bmwnsrag efxg ggn seg rag m seg wg m bmkkwnasq
rggrgncwk mn kanan` yrmjgbs f f kgfn m guyrgan`
fnc fgan` myymasamn sm segk. Hmr kfnq fbfcgkab, segg
xmsan` gugrbag frg f kgfn m cgkmbrfsaan` rgmwrbg
`mxgrnfnbg. Hmr gufkylg, Rbeallan`+Xfbflmr, ofgc mn
seg fnflqa m gxgrfl bmnwlsfsamn yrmbgg an Omlaxaf
eqcrmbfromn gbsmr, fr`wg sefs bmnwlsfsamn frg akymrsfnsmr cgkmbrfsafsamn f segq bfn axg xmabg sm ygrmn fnc
Omu 2: Srfnnfsamnfl Bmnhabs rmk Bealg fnc Ygrw
Seg Yfbwf+Lfkf bmnlabs, mra`anfsan` an Bealg, a fsqyabfl gufkylg m fnsa+kanan` kmoalafsamn sfdgnsm fn ansgrnfsamnfl bflg. Sea kanan` yrmjgbs m segBfnfcafn Ofrrabd @mlc Bmrymrfsamn ef oggn ylfnngcanbg 6116, pegn seg ars swcag m `lfbagr pgrgbfrragc mws, semw`e seg bmnabs mnlq rgfbegc as ygfdan ?997. Yrmsgsgr rmk omse bmwnsrag gfrgc seggramw gnxarmnkgnsfl efrk sefs bmwlc og bfwgcoq seg fnnmwnbgc srfnylfnsfsamn m sergg lfbagran mrcgr sm fan fbbg sm seg cgymas ogngfse segk.Flsemw`e seg bmkyfnq befn`gc as mra`anfl ylfn fnckfcg f bmkyrmkag sm nms kmxg fnq abg mr `lfbagr,
lmbfl bmkkwnasag nm lmn`gr srwsgc seg bmkyfnq, fncseg bmnlabs bmnsanwgc. Oq ?998, kfnq ansgrnfsamnflmr`fnafsamn jmangc lmbfl rgasfnbg kmxgkgns fncog`fn fcxmbfsan` f`fans seg yrmjgbs, gxgn ywssan`yrgwrg mn seg Bfnfcafn mxgrnkgns.
Kmrg rgbgnslq, Bmn`f, fnmsegr kanan` yrmjgbs, pf ywsmn emlc fsgr ansgng mbafl kmoalafsamn an seg nmrsegrnFncg m Ygrw. Sea yrmjgbs, pemg kfan efrgemlcgra Ngpkmns Kanan` Bmrymrfsamn, seg pmrlc gbmnclfr`gs `mlc yrmcwbgr, ef ggn mbafl wnrgs anbg?966. Seg craxan` mrbg m seg yrmsgs a kmslq seg rad
m cfkf`g sm seg gnxarmnkgns fnc pfsgr rgmwrbg. SegBmn`f bmnabs ef rgbgaxgc nfsamnfl fnc ansgrnfsamnfllgxgl m kgcaf bmxgrf`g fnc fcxmbfbq, gngrfsan` fyrmmwnc brasabak m seg mxgrnkgns ymlabag fncrgfbsamn smpfrc kanan` fbsaxasag fnc mbafl bmnabs.
Rmwrbg:Gsrfcf, C. 6?se Nmxgkogr ?997. Yfbwf+Lfkf Bmnabs _gfbeg f Blakfu.Kang fnc Bmkkwnasag Glgbsrmnab Kf`fzang.4 WrdacaFzdfrrf`f, L. ?995.Kmxakagnsm Fnsa+kangrm: Gl Bfm cg Yfbwf+Lfkf gn Bealg %Fnsa+Kanan`Kmxgkgns: Seg Bfg m Yfbwf+Lfkf an Bealg!. _gxasf Aogrmfkgrabfnf cgGbmnmkf Gbml`abf5 82+00.4 Beayfnf, B. ?3Jwng ?96?.Seg Bmn`f Yrmjgbs:@mlc mr Pfsgr=Seg Yrakf Glgbsrmnab Ngpyfygr.
`rmwy mxgr cgbaamn sefs pall cggylq akyfbs segar pfq m
lag. Empgxgr, seg ymasaxg akyfbs mn cgkmbrfsafsamn bfn
mnlq og fbeagxgc wncgr bgrsfan bmncasamn sefs rgcwbg seg
cglaogrfsaxg angvwflasag ogspggn seg sfsg, bmrymrfsamn
fnc bmkkwnasag, wbe f yrm`rgaxg lg`fl rfkgpmrd,
kmoalafsamn bfyfbasq, bmkkwnasag fbbg sm guygrs fnc
rglafolg dnmplgc`g, fnc seg srfnyfrgnbq m seg yrmbg,
fkmn`s msegr.68
Kb@gg flm fr`wg sefs bmkkwnasq rggrgncwk rgyrggns fnfbbwrfsg fnc cgkmbrfsab pfq sm yrmxacg + mr nms sm yrmxacg + rgg,
68 Rbeallan`+Xfbfmr, F. ?96?.Cgkmbrfsazan` _gmwrbg @mxgrnfnbg sermw`e Yramr Bmnwlsfsamn= Lgmn rmk Omlaxaf Eqcrmbfromn Rgbsmr. @A@FPmrdan` Yfygr Nm. 653. @grkfn Ansaswsg m @lmofl fnc Frgf Rswcag %@A@F!, Efkowr`.
http://www.minesandcommunities.org/article.php?a=476http://www.minesandcommunities.org/article.php?a=476http://ddd.uab.cat/pub/revibec/13902776v8p63.pdfhttp://www.theprisma.co.uk/2012/06/24/the-conga-project-gold-or-water/http://www.theprisma.co.uk/2012/06/24/the-conga-project-gold-or-water/http://www.theprisma.co.uk/2012/06/24/the-conga-project-gold-or-water/http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=/content/publikationen/pdf/wp184_schilling.pdfhttp://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=/content/publikationen/pdf/wp184_schilling.pdfhttp://www.theprisma.co.uk/2012/06/24/the-conga-project-gold-or-water/http://www.theprisma.co.uk/2012/06/24/the-conga-project-gold-or-water/http://ddd.uab.cat/pub/revibec/13902776v8p63.pdfhttp://www.minesandcommunities.org/article.php?a=476 -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
7/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 0
yramr fnc anmrkgc bmngns %HYAB!, f rgvwargc oq ansgrnfsamnfl
lfp an bgrsfan aswfsamn.60Mosfanan` f bmkkwnasq bmngns a f
bmkygsasaxg fcxfnsf`g omse mr bmkyfnag fnc seg bmkkwnasq,
f as gnfolg segk sm gsfolae fn f`rggc rfkgpmrd sefs ef f`rgfsgr befnbg m yrgxgnsan` wswrg bmnabs.65
Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws seg cagrgns bmnwlsfsamn srfsg`ag
wgc an seg rg`amn, rgfc seg GLLF Orag: Kfnf`an` Bmnabs
Sermw`e Bmnwlsfsamn: Lfsan Fkgrabf Guygragnbg .
60 Kb@gg, O. ?991.Seg Bmkkwnasq _ggrgncwk: Yfrsabayfsmrq Cgkmbrfbq fnc seg _a`es sm Hrgg, Yramr fnc Anmrkgc Bmngns sm Cgxglmykgns.Ogrdglgq Jmwrnfl m Ansgrnfsamnfl Lfp?0%?! 709+827.65 Lfylfnsg, Rygfr ?995, fomxg n 66.61 Ogooansmn, F., Ewkyergq Ogooan`smn, C. ?969.Fn Fncgfn Fxfsfr: Yms+Ngmlaogrfl fnc Ngmlaogrfl Rsrfsg`ag mr Yrmkmsan` Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag.Ormmd Pmrlc Ymxgrsq Ansaswsg Pmrdan` Yfygr 660, Pfean`smn, CB.?9 Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws lfnc wg ylfnnan` an Lfsan Fkgrabf, rgfc seg GLLF Orag: Lfnc Wg Ylfnnan` mr Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag. Hmr fn mxgrxagp m msegrlfnc wg awg an seg rg`amn, gg seg GLLF @wacg: Fbbgan` Lfnc mr Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag: Rmbafllq fnc Gnxarmnkgnsfllq Rwsfanfolg Fyyrmfbeg.?6Ogooan`smn, Ewkyergq Ogooan`smn, Owrq ?969, fomxg n 0.
Omu 3: F Bfg m Rwbbg: Seg Omlaxafn @mxgrnkgns
Bmnwlsfsamn pase @wfrfn Anca`gnmw Ygmylg
Omlaxaf mgr fn gufkylg m emp bmnwlsfsamn bfn og
cmng pgll. Sea wbbgwl bmnwlsfsamn yrmbg pfbfrragc mws sm cgbacg pegsegr mr nms sm akylgkgnsf yrmymgc eqcrmbfromn guylmrfsamn yrmjgbs oqseg Fr`gnsangfn Bmkyfnq Ylwygsrml mn @wfrfnanca`gnmw ygmylg fnbgsrfl sgrrasmrq %SBM! bfllgcBefrf`wf Nmrsg fnc Amm. Seg yrmjgbs frgf m cargbsanwgnbg anblwcgc ?9 m seg 22 bmkkwnasag m seg SBMfnc mng ygffns frkan` sgrrasmrq. Pegn ng`msafsamnpase seg bmkkwnasag og`fn an ?991, anmrkfsamnpmrdemy pgrg bmncwbsgc oq seg bmkyfnq, semw`eanmrkfsamn pf cglaxgrgc an f sgbenabfl pfq fnc
empgc oafg smpfrc seg bmkyfnq ygrygbsaxg. SegKanasrq m Eqcrmbfromn fnc Gngr`q %KEG! ansgrxgngc,cgbacan` sm rgcargbs seg bmnwlsfsamn yrmbg oqfcfysan` as sm seg srfcasamnfl mrk m cgbaamn kfdan`fnc yfrsabayfsamn m seg @wfrfn anca`gnmw ygmylg.Seg bmnwlsfsamn yrmbg rgwlsgc an fn f`rggkgnsogspggn seg anca`gnmw bmkkwnasq fnc seg Omlaxafn`mxgrnkgns sm fllmp Ylwygsrml sm og`an guylmrfsamnfbsaxasag. Sea bfg cgkmnsrfsg sefs fn fssaswcg mrgygbs smpfrc srfcasamnfl ansaswsamn fnc qsgka ggnsafl pegn gfrbean` mr f cgkmbrfsab fncg`flasfrafn ng`msafsamn ogspggn sfdgemlcgr.
Rmwrbg: Ofbmy, A. ?969.Bfg Rswcq: Omlaxafn @mxgrnkgns Bmnwlsfsamn paseseg @wfrfn Anca`gnmw Ygmylg m Befrf`wf Nmrsg fnc Amm. MUHFK fncBGJAR, Lf Yfz.
Rmbafl mr bwlswrfl raxflrag, gublwamn, angvwflasag fnc
kfr`anflafsamn, fkmn` msegr srwbswrfl mbafl yrmolgk
flrgfcq cabwgc, frg msgn fs seg bmrg m gncwran`
bmnrmnsfsamnfl bgnfram. Rsrwbswrfl yrmolgk wsfanlfsgns bmnabsaxg gnxarmnkgns, pegrg gxgns bfn yrmxmdg
mbafl wnrgs gbflfsan` ansm f xaaolg bmnabs mxgr f bgrsfan
cgxglmykgns anasafsaxg, wbe f fn gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs.
An Lfsan Fkgrabf, mbafl angvwflasag fnc kfr`anflafsamn
efxg brgfsgc grsalg yfbg mr seg yrmlagrfsamn m mbam+
gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnlabs an seg rgflk m gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq
guyfnamn. As a pmrse kgnsamnan` sefs flsemw`e mkg lgs+
m+bgnsrg mxgrnkgns an seg rg`amn, ygbaabfllq Omlaxaf
fnc Gbwfcmr, efxg sraxgc mr f befn`g an seg rglfsamneay
ogspggn gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq fnc cgxglmykgns, seg lm`ab
fnc bmngvwgnbg m gusrfbsamn mn seg yrmlagrfsamn m
bmnlabs, mr gufkylg, ef oggn xgrq akalfr sm semg
m msegr bmwnsrag an seg rg`amn pase ca grgns ymlasabfl
acgmlm`ag.61
Sew, bmnlabs bfn og caabwls sm rgmlxg, ows segq bfn og
yrgxgnsgc, kfnf`gc fnc gxgn srfnmrkgc ansm myymrswnasag
sm rgxaas, fnc emygwllq og`an sm mlxg srwbswrfl ymlabq fnc
mbafl yrmolgk. Sea gbsamn cgbraog gfbe m segg +
yrgxgnsamn, kfnf`gkgns fnc srfnmrkfsamn + an swrn.
Bmnhabs Yrgxgnsamn Ymlabag
Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag efxg akylgkgnsgc f xfragsq
m ymlabag sefs gasegr cargbslq mr ancargbslq fak sm
yrgxgns bmnlabs ogmrg segq og`an. Hmr gufkylg, seg
akylgkgnsfsamn m f Lfnc Wg Ylfnnan` Rqsgk %LWYR! ef
oggn f dgq ymlabq kgbefnak sm msgr kmrg mbafllq fnc
gbmnmkabfllq wsfanfolg rwrfl cgxglmykgns, anblwcan`
gusrfbsaxg cgxglmykgns, an gxgrfl Lfsan Fkgrabfn
bmwnsrag.?9
Semw`e seg kfan fak m LWYR a nms bmnlabsyrgxgnsamn, as bfn og mng m as oq+yrmcwbs . Empgxgr,
fcmysamn m sea ymlabq ef oggn pacglq rgasgc oq seg
gusrfbsaxg gbsmr. Seg gbsmr ef an asgc sefs seg sfsg
emwlc nms, gu+fnsg, cgang bgrsfan frgf f m+lakas
sm gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq, f segq bmnacgr sefs rg`amnfl
cgxglmykgns emwlc og ofgc mn kanan` guyfnamn, m sefs
lfnc ylfnnan` emwlc nms gsfolae kanan` rgsrabsamn msegr
sefn seg nm+`m zmng fbbgysgc oq seg ancwsrq.?6
OGHM_G FNC FHSG_: RS_FSG@AGR SM Y_GXGNS,
KFNF@G FNC S_FNRHM_K BMNHLABS
_gmlxan` bmnl abs a f ca abwls sfd, `axgn seg
srwbswrfl mwncfsamn fs seg egfrs m kms bmnlabs.
http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://www.boalt.org/bjil/docs/BJIL27.2_McGee.pdfhttp://www.bwpi.manchester.ac.uk/resources/Working-Papers/bwpi-wp-11710.pdfhttp://www.bwpi.manchester.ac.uk/resources/Working-Papers/bwpi-wp-11710.pdfhttp://www.bwpi.manchester.ac.uk/resources/Working-Papers/bwpi-wp-11710.pdfhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1004http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/996http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/996http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/996http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/996http://www.oxfamamerica.org/files/oxfam-bolivia-consultation-process-nov-2010-final.pdfhttp://www.oxfamamerica.org/files/oxfam-bolivia-consultation-process-nov-2010-final.pdfhttp://www.oxfamamerica.org/files/oxfam-bolivia-consultation-process-nov-2010-final.pdfhttp://www.oxfamamerica.org/files/oxfam-bolivia-consultation-process-nov-2010-final.pdfhttp://www.oxfamamerica.org/files/oxfam-bolivia-consultation-process-nov-2010-final.pdfhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/996http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1004http://www.bwpi.manchester.ac.uk/resources/Working-Papers/bwpi-wp-11710.pdfhttp://www.boalt.org/bjil/docs/BJIL27.2_McGee.pdfhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013 -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
8/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 5
?? Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws bmnwlsfsamn f f bmnabs kfnf`gkgns srfsg`q, rgfc seg GLLF Orag: Kfnf`an` Bmnabs sermw`e Bmnwlsfsamn: LfsanFkgrabf Guygragnbg.
OMU 7: Rkfll+Rbflg Kanan`: F Oa` Yrmolgk mr seg Rsfsg
Semw`e sea @wacg kfanlq cgfl pase bmnabs fraan` rmk lfr`g+bflg, mrkfl gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq yrmjgbs, fs seg fkgsakg, kfll+bflg fnc anmrkfl kanan` a flm gngrfsan` mbafl fnc gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnabs an seg rg`amn. Rkfll+bflg
kanan` ef ogbmkg f ew`g fnc wnkfnf`gfolg yrmolgk mr Lfsan Fkgrabfn sfsg. Fsgr flkms spm cgbfcg m yfrsafl
kgfwrg sm bmnsrml sea danc m kanan`, seg wr`g an `mlc yrabg ef fssrfbsgc f xfs fkmwns m ygmylg sm kfll+bflg
kanan`, fnc ef srfnmrkgc seg gbsmr ansm mng pase kwbe kmrg anmrkflasq, fnc anbrgfgc as ymsgnsafl sm gngrfsg fnc
gbflfsg bmnabs.
Pefs frg mkg m seg bmkkmn bmnhabs sgkkan` rmk kfll+bflg kanan`=
Lfbd mh bmnsrml fnc hmrkflasq hmsgr seg fyygfrfnbg mh ngp fbsmr sefs srq sm bfyswrg seg rgxgnwg gngrfsgc an mrcgr sm
nfnbg segar anmrkfl fnc allg`fl fbsaxasag. As a bmkkmn sm nc wgrrallf rmwy fnc crw` cgflgr gusmrsan` yrms rmk
kfll+bflg kangr.
Seg hfalwrg mh mxgrnkgns sm ggbsaxglq rg`wlfsg fbbg sm lfnc fnc kangrfl rgmwrbg brgfsg bmnabs cwg sm
mxgrlfyyan` lfnc ra`es. Sea a f kfjmr bmnbgrn an frgf ymywlfsgc oq anca`gnmw ygmylg.
Kms mh seg kfll+bflg kanan` ogbmkg anhmrkfl ogbfwg as a bfrragc mws an frgf pegrg kanan` ygrkas frg rfnsgc
sm searc yfrsag rmk mwsacg seg lmbfl frgf. Bmnabs kfq og dgys fs seg lmbfl lgxgl pegn segq anxmlxg kanan` bmkyfnag
fnc seg kfll+bflg kangr, ows bfn flm rgfbe seg nfsamnfl lgxgl pegn `mxgrnkgns ansgrxgng fnc gnc gbwrasq mrbg
sm rgkmxg kangr.
Pefs frg mkg wbbgwl fyyrmfbeg rmk Lfsan Fkgrabf=
Nfrrmp+mbwgc yrmjgbs sm mlxg mng fygbs m kfll+bflg kanan`, bmkoangc pase kmrg ansg`rfl fyyrmfbeg. Seg
@FKF yrmjgbs an Ygrw fakgc sm akyrmxg seg gnxarmnkgnsfl ygrmrkfnbg m seg gbsmr oq yrmxacan` sgbenabfl mlwsamn,
ows cac m wan` fn ansg`rfl, bmkkwnasq+mragnsfsgc fyyrmfbe, mbwan` mn fll rglgxfns mbafl, bwlswrfl, mr`fnafsamnfl,egflse+rglfsgc, gbmnmkab fnc lg`fl awg.
@mxgrnkgns ansgrxgnsamn an cagrgns land m seg mlc xflwg befan kfdg rg`wlfsamn gfagr. An Bealg, seg Nfsamnfl
Kanan` Bmkyfnq %Gkyrgf Nfbamnfl cg Kangrf+ GNFKA! ywrbefg kangrfl rmk seg kfll kangr, segn yrmbgg
segk an mrcgr sm fcc xflwg. An sea pfq, GNFKA yrgxgns seg bmkkgrbaflafsamn m kangrfl mn seg olfbd kfrdgs.
Bgrsahbfsamn sm ofbd wy xflwg+fccgc fnc fbalasfsg gnsrq ansm wyygr+gnc kfrdgs. Seg Hfarsrfcg fnc Hfarkangc
bgrsahbfsamn qsgkef `rfnsgc sergg kanan` mr`fnafsamn %Bmsfyfsf Kanan` Bmmygrfsaxg an Omlaxaf, Mrm Xgrcg an
Bmlmkoaf fnc RMS_FKA an Ygrw! seg ra`es sm efxg segar yrmcwbs lfogllgc f Hfarsrfcg fnc Hfarkangc gbmlm`abfl `mlc.
Segg mr`fnafsamn, an rgswrn mr nms wan` fnq begkabfl fnc efxan` ea`e gnxarmnkgnsfl sfncfrc, rgbgaxg yrgkawk
yrabg mr segar mlc.
Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws emp seg rg`amn a bmnrmnsan` seg befllgn`g m bmnabs an kfll+bflg fnc frsafnfl kanan`, rgfc seg
GLLF Orag: Rkfll+bflg fnc Anmrkfl Kanan`: F Oa` Yrmolgk mr Lfsan Fkgrabfn Rsfsg.
Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag efxg flm lgfrngc sefs mkg ymlabag
fnc yrmbgcwrg nggc sm fbbmkyfnq LWYR akylgkgnsfsamn
an mrcgr sm fxmac bmnabs mxgr bmnsgnsamw lfnc wg ylfn.
Hars, sfsg efxg mrkflagc lfnc ra`es oq gsfolaean`
blgfr lfnc sgnwrg qsgk sefs `rfns lfnc ra`es rgbm`naan`
omse bwsmkfrq lfnc wg fnc fnbagns lfnc ra`es, wbe f
anca`gnmw ra`es. Rgbmnc, sfsg efxg gsfolaegc f mrkfl
yfrsabayfsamn yrmbg mr lfnc ylfnnan` xflacfsamn. Searc, an
bmwnsrag wbe f Ygrw, Hrgg Yramr fnc Anmrkgc Bmngns
yrmbgcwrg fnc rg`wlfsamn rg`frcan` anca`gnmw ymywlfsamn
fnc sgrrasmrag efxg oggn yws an ylfbg.??
F fnmsegr ymlabq sm yrgxgns ymsgnsafl bmnabs an gusrfbsaxg
yrmjgbs, kms bmwnsrag efxg akylgkgnsgc Gnxarmnkgnsfl
Rqsgk sm yrgxgns bmnlabs mxgr gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnbgrn.
http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://www.gama-peru.org/gama/tiki-index.phphttp://www.enami.cl/english-overview/english-overview.htmlhttp://www.enami.cl/english-overview/english-overview.htmlhttp://www.fairgold.org/http://www.fairgold.org/http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1074http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1074http://www.fairgold.org/http://www.fairgold.org/http://www.enami.cl/english-overview/english-overview.htmlhttp://www.enami.cl/english-overview/english-overview.htmlhttp://www.gama-peru.org/gama/tiki-index.phphttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013 -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
9/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 1
Segg qsgk anblwcg ygbab mxgrnkgns gnxarmnkgnsfl
rg`wlfsamn f pgll f seg yrgyfrfsamn fnc yfrsabayfsmrq
xflacfsamn m Gnxarmnkgnsfl Akyfbs Fgkgns %GAF!. Hmrgufkylg, an Orfzal, Bealg fnc Bmlmkoaf, ancgygncgns sfsg
gnxarmnkgnsfl f`gnbag frg an befr`g m fyyrmxan` seg GAF.
An fccasamn, mkg bmwnsrag, wbe f Ygrw fnc Bmlmkoaf,
efxg gsfolaegc qsgk m gusrfbsaxg rmqflsq casraowsamn
sefs rgpfrc seg yrmcwban` sgrrasmrafl wnas + og sefs casrabs,
yrmxanbg, mr rg`amn pegrg gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs frg lmbfsgc +
pase lfr`gr rmqflsq efrg. Sea a oglagxgc sm nms mnlq msgr
cgxglmykgns, ows flm wncgrkang f yrmjgbs lmbfl myymasamn.
Hanfllq, gxgrfl sfsg efxg akylgkgnsgc srfnyfrgnbqymlabag sefs rgvwarg bmrymrfsamn sm cablmg anfnbafl
anmrkfsamn sm fxmac bmnlabs mxgr bmrrwysamn blfak. Hmr
gufkylg, Ygrw ef fbvwargc f bmkylafns sfsw an segGusrfbsaxg
Ancwsrag Srfnyfrgnbq Anasafsaxg %GASA!, pealg msegr bmwnsrag
efxg gnfbsgc ygbaab srfnyfrgnbq lfp fnc ymlabag.
Ladgpag, kmrg rgymnaolg yraxfsg gusrfbsaxg bmrymrfsamn
efxg `mng ogqmnc bmkylqan` pase sfsg rg`wlfsamn sm
akylgkgns fccasamnfl ymlabag fakgc fs yrgxgnsan` bmnabs
rmk gkgr`an`. An seg rgflk m BR_ yranbaylg, gxgrfl
bmrymrfsamn msgr lmbfl cgxglmykgns fnc srfnyfrgnbq.
Rmkg m seg lfr`gs bmrymrfsamn ywolae gusgnaxg
anmrkfsamn mn segar pgoasg fnc an msegr bmrymrfsg
cmbwkgns. An fccasamn, gxgrfl bmrymrfsamn + f`fan
sqyabfllq seg lfr`gs + efxg brgfsgc mbafl wnc sm akylgkgns
cgxglmykgns yrmjgbs an segar frgf m anwgnbg. Segg wnc
frg cargbslq kfnf`gc oq bmkyfnag cgxglmykgns mabg
mr ancargbslq sermw`e mwncfsamn mr N@M wyymrsgc oq seg
bmrymrfsamn. Hmr gufkylg, Fn`lm Fkgrabfn ef wyymrsgc
Bfrg an Orfzal fnc lfwnbegc segGkgr`g Anasafsaxg an Bealg, fnc
Fnsfkanf brgfsgc segFnbfe Hmwncfsamn an Ygrw.
Ymlabag mr Bmnhabs Kfnf`gkgns
Rsfsg fnc bmrymrfsamn efxg cgxglmygc cagrgns ymlabag
sm kfnf`g bmnlabs mnbg segq gkgr`g. Pegn bmnlabs frg
an segar rs sf`g, kgfnan` segrg a mkg rgasfnbg sm seg
yrmjgbs ows sall nms sm seg gusgns m ywolab cgkmnsrfsamn, seg
sfsg mr seg bmrymrfsamn efxg rgmrsgc sm anasafsan` mr rgygfsan`
bmnwlsfsamn yrmbgg. Mnbg seg bmnabs cgxglmy fnc seg
yfrsag efxg sfsgc segar ymasamn ywolabfllq, seg guygbsgc
sfsg rgfbsamn a sm gs wy caflm`wg yrmbgcwrg mllmpan`
Omu 8: Anxmlwnsfrq _ggsslgkgns, Bmnlabs fnc
Ansgrnfsamnfl @wacglang
Seg cgxglmykgns m f lfr`g+bflg gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs kfqgnsfal caylfbgkgns m seg bwrrgns mpngr, mbbwyagrmr wgr m seg nggcgc lfnc. Sea a rfrglq f kfssgr mrgg fnc anmrkgc bemabg mn seg yfrs m semg pem frgcaylfbgc. Lg`fl ansrwkgns frg sqyabfllq fxfalfolgsm bmkygl mr bmgrbg lfnc srfngr, fnc caylfbgcbmkkwnasag xgrq msgn lfbd seg ympgr, anmrkfsamn,fnc lg`fl sfncan` sm yrmsgbs segar ansgrgs. Rswcagefxg rgygfsgclq empn sefs an seg mxgrpeglkan`kfjmrasq m bfg, caylfbgkgns anbrgfg ymxgrsq
fkmn` flrgfcq ymmr ygmylg4 mng m seg akyfbs m sea aseg sra``gran` m wswrg bmnabsaxg aswfsamn.
Bmngvwgnslq, sfsg, kwlsalfsgrfl f`gnbag fncgusrfbsaxg bmrymrfsamn frg kfdan` ngp gmrs smkasa`fsg seg ng`fsaxg akyfbs m caylfbgkgns. Anyfrsabwlfr, seg Pmrlc Ofnd @rmwy ef rggfrbegcfnc yrmxacgc `wacglang mr wbe yrmbgg, wbef seg Pmrlc Ofnd Mygrfsamnfl Ymlabq %PO! M.Y. 3.6?mn Anxmlwnsfrq _ggsslgkgns fnc seg AnsgrnfsamnflHanfnbafl Bmrymrfsamn %AHB! Ygrmrkfnbg Rsfncfrc7 mn Lfnc Fbvwaasamn fnc Anxmlwnsfrq _ggsslgkgns.
Ladgpag, kms Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag rgvwargbmkyfnag sm anbmrymrfsg f rggsslgkgns ylfn ansm segarGAF pegn caylfbgkgns a ylfnngc. Seg kfan `mflm segg ylfn fnc wacglang a sm akyrmxg mr fs lgfsrgsmrg caylfbgc ygmylg laxan` bmncasamn.
An Lfsan Fkgrabf, bmkyfnag sefs efxg mllmpgcansgrnfsamnfl wacglang efxg fbeagxgc seg ogs rgwls.Hmr gufkylg, seg Usrfsf Bmrymrfsamn ef fbeagxgcfn f`rggkgns pase fn anca`gnmw bmkkwnasq mr asrggsslgkgns an seg Lf Ofkofyrmjgbs an Ygrw. Seganfl rgwls, empgxgr, rgkfan sm og ggn, f seg dgq
awg a emp sm fwrg fnc kgfwrg seg akyrmxgkgnsm caylfbgc ygmylg laxan` sfncfrc. F lgmn rmkseg Lfsan Fkgrabfn guygragnbg a sefs wacglang bfn ogxgrq wgwl sgkylfsg, semw`e segq efxg sm og fcjwsgcsm ygbab ymywlfsamn fnc befn`an` bmnsgus.
Rmwrbg: Bgrngf, K. ?993.Akymxgraekgns _ad, _ad Kfnf`gkgnsfnc _gbmnsrwbsamn Kmcgl: F Kmcgl mr Ymywlfsamn Caylfbgkgns fnc_ggsslgkgns. WN Rqkymawk mn Eqcrmympgr fnc Rwsfanfolg Cgxglmykgns.Ogajan`, ?0se+?1se Mbsmogr ?993.4 Bgrngf, K. ?999. _ad, Rfg`wfrc, fnc_gbmnsrwbsamn: F Kmcgl mr Ymywlfsamn Caylfbgkgns fnc _ggsslgkgns.An: Bgrngf, K., KbCmpgll, B. %gc.! _ad fnc _gbmnsrwbsamn: Guygragnbg m_ggsslgr fnc _gw`gg. Pmrlc Ofnd, Pfean`smn, CB.4 KbCmpgll, B. %gc.!
6118.Wncgrsfncan` Akymxgraekgns: Seg Bmngvwgnbg m Cgxglmykgns+ancwbgc Caylfbgkgns. Ogr`efk Ommd, Mumrc.
http://eiti.org/http://eiti.org/http://eiti.org/http://www.angloamerican.com.br/sustainable-development/abordagens-e-politicas/parcerias-internacionais/care-international.aspx?sc_lang=pt-PThttp://www.anglochile.cl/en/desarrollo/hist_emerge.htmhttp://www.anglochile.cl/en/desarrollo/hist_emerge.htmhttp://www.antamina.com/en/content.php?418/social_responsibility/ancash_association.htmlhttp://www.antamina.com/en/content.php?418/social_responsibility/ancash_association.htmlhttp://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/3d82c70049a79073b82cfaa8c6a8312a/PS5_English_2012.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/3d82c70049a79073b82cfaa8c6a8312a/PS5_English_2012.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/3d82c70049a79073b82cfaa8c6a8312a/PS5_English_2012.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/energy/op/hydro_cernea_population_resettlement_backgroundpaper.pdfhttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/energy/op/hydro_cernea_population_resettlement_backgroundpaper.pdfhttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/energy/op/hydro_cernea_population_resettlement_backgroundpaper.pdfhttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/energy/op/hydro_cernea_population_resettlement_backgroundpaper.pdfhttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/energy/op/hydro_cernea_population_resettlement_backgroundpaper.pdfhttp://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/energy/op/hydro_cernea_population_resettlement_backgroundpaper.pdfhttp://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/3d82c70049a79073b82cfaa8c6a8312a/PS5_English_2012.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/3d82c70049a79073b82cfaa8c6a8312a/PS5_English_2012.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/3d82c70049a79073b82cfaa8c6a8312a/PS5_English_2012.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://go.worldbank.org/96LQB2JT50http://www.antamina.com/en/content.php?418/social_responsibility/ancash_association.htmlhttp://www.anglochile.cl/en/desarrollo/hist_emerge.htmhttp://www.angloamerican.com.br/sustainable-development/abordagens-e-politicas/parcerias-internacionais/care-international.aspx?sc_lang=pt-PThttp://eiti.org/http://eiti.org/ -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
10/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 69
cagrgns mrkfs, wbe f kwlsa+yfrsq rmwncsfolg, searc+
yfrsq kgcafsamn mr sfsg ea`e+lgxgl caflm`wg bmkkaamn.
An sea bmnsgus, rgymnaolg bmrymrfsamn fnc cgkmbrfsab`mxgrnkgns efxg lgfrngc fsgr cgbfcg m bmnlabs
sefs mkgsakg as a ngbgfrq sm `axg mkg bmnbgamn
fnc sefs srfnyfrgnbq an ng`msafsamn a wncfkgnsfl
sm `gngrfsg f`rggkgns fkmn`s myyman` acg. Seg
sgkymrfrq wygnamn mr lmp+cmpn m f yrmjgbs bfn fbalasfsg
bflkgr ng`msafsamn4 sea a `gngrfllq seg rs sfsg mgr an
ng`msafsamn. Segn, sfsg efxg fbbgysgc sm rgxagp GAF,
anbrgfg lmbfl rgxgnwg efrg fnc akymg ngp gnxarmnkgnsfl
mr mbafl bmncasamn mn seg yrmjgbs.
Pegn caflm`wg fnc ng`msafsamn yrmbgg fal, mkg sfsg
sall rgmrs sm rgyrgan` lmbfl myymasamn cargbslq mr ancargbslq,
wbe f oq anbasan` bmwnsgr+myymasamn cgkmnsrfsamn, f f
lfs rgmrs sm rgsmrg mrcgr. Empgxgr, sea lfs xamlgns rgfbsamn
ef kmslq ywrrgc yarfl m xamlgnbg, wlsakfsglq kfdan` seg
gusrfbsaxg yrmjgbs mbafllq wngfaolg. Sew seg lgmn lgfrngc
egrg a sefs caflm`wg fnc ng`msafsamn frg seg mnlq wsfanfolg
pfq sm mxgrbmkg bmnabsaxg bgnfram.
Kmrgmxgr, f rgkfrdfolg ansaswsamnfl akyrmxgkgns rglfsgc sm
bmnabs kfnf`gkgns ef oggn seg brgfsamn m mkowckfnmabg an kfnq Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag an seg lfs ?7
qgfr. Lfsan Fkgrabfn mkowckfn mabg efxg oggn
efygc oq f bmnsgus m gublwamn, angvwflasq fnc bmnsfns
bmnabs4 segrgmrg, wnladg seg Gwrmygfn kmcgl, bgnsrgc mn seg
wygrxaamn fnc bmnsrml m ywolab fckanasrfsamn, seg Lfsan
Fkgrabfn mkowckfn ef oggn kwbe kmrg bmnbgrngc
pase seg cggnbg m ewkfn ra`es fnc pase fasan` an fnc
kgcafsan` bmnabs rgmlwsamn.?2
Mng m seg Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag pegrg sea ansaswsamnfl
yrm`rg ef sfdgn ylfbg a Ygrw. Seg Mkowckfn
Mabg %Cggnmrf cgl Ywgolm! ef ogbmkg f srmn` fnc
ancgygncgns `mxgrnkgns f`gnbq sefs ef ylfqgc f xasfl
rmlg f f kgcafsmr an bmnlabs, sfdan` bmnbrgsg ymasamn
mn emp `mxgrnkgns ymlabq fnc yrfbsabg emwlc befn`g.
An fbs, mng m seg kfjmr befllgn`g mr mkowckfn
mabg an Lfsan Fkgrabf ef oggn seg foalasq sm kfansfan
akyfrsaflasq fnc fxmac ymlasabfl yrgwrg an mrcgr sm yrggrxg
mbafl lg`asakfbq: seg Ygrwxafn bfg a f yfrfca`kfsab
gufkylg m fn mabg sefs ef wbbgwllq fbeagxgc
ymlasabfl ancgygncgnbg. An sea rg`frc, Ogooan`smn sfsg
as blgfrlq: bm+mysgc Mkowckfn mabg cm nms egly.?3
Fnmsegr wbbgwl gufkylg m fwsmnmkmw mkowckfn
ansgrxgnsamn bfn og mwnc an Bmsf _abf, ygbaabfllq an
seg pfsgr fnc mal bmnsfkanfsamn bfg fssraowsgc sm seg
Gl Ygcrg`fl kanan` bmkyfnq.?7 Egrg, seg mkowckfn
bmncwbsgc gramw anxgsa`fsamn sm cgkmnsrfsg seg ng`lgbs
m sfsg ansaswsamn rgymnaolg mr gnwran` gnxarmnkgnsfl
yrmsgbsamn. Segg fbsamn bmnsraowsgc sm gkympgran` baxal
mbagsq fnc fxg kmrg bmnasgnbq sm segar cgkfnc.
Bmnhabs Srfnmrkfsamn: Fn Gkgr`an` Rsrfsg`q
An seg lfs gp qgfr, mkg bemlfr efxg og`wn sm yrmymg
srfnmrkan` bmnabs aswfsamn ansm pancmp m myymrswnasq
mr akyrmxan` sfsg ymlabag f pgll f sfbdlan` seg srwbswrfl
yrmolgk sefs wncgryan seg bmnlabs. Ranbg bmnlabs frg
kfaxg gxgns sefs crfp seg fssgnsamn m nms mnlq seg fbsmr
cargbslq anxmlxgc an seg bmnabs, ows flm rg`amnfl fnc nfsamnfl
mbafl fbsmr fnc seg ywolab, segq bfn brgfsg seg ygrgbs yfbg
sm rgxaas ywolab ymlabag fnc cabw rglfsgc srwbswrfl mbafl
yrmolgk wbe f ymxgrsq, kfr`anflafsamn, bmrrwysamn fnc
gnxarmnkgnsfl cg`rfcfsamn.
Seg fcxmbfsg m bmnlabs srfnmrkfsamn ymlabag yrmymg
`gngrfsan` f kmrg ansg`rfl ygrygbsaxg mn bmnlabs
kfnf`gkgns sefs sfr`gs seg bfwg, ansgfc m srqan` sm cgfl
pase seg akkgcafsg bmngvwgnbg. Hrmk sea ygrygbsaxg,
seg brgfsamn m f bmnmlacfsgc Nfsamnfl Rqsgk m Bmnlabs
Kfnf`gkgns sefs a folg sm srfnmrk + fnc nms jws fckanasgr
+ bmnabs a nggcgc %gg Omu 0!. Bmnabs srfnmrkfsamn an
Lfsan Fkgrabf a sall kmrg m f yrmymfl sefn f ymlabq, ows as
mwncfsamn lag mn lgmn lgfrngc rmk f kqrafc m mbaflbmnabs an seg rg`amn.
Empgxgr, as a akymrsfns sm kgnsamn sefs a ymlabag mr
bmnabs srfnmrkfsamn frg nms rfkgc pasean f yrfbsabg m
mxgrga`nsq + wncgrsmmc f seg rgygbs mr seg fwsmnmkq
m seg rg`wlfsamn fnc fwcas wnbsamn m seg sfsg mn seg mng
efnc, fnc mr seg mojgbsamn fnc xflacfsamn begkg yrmymgc
oq akyfbsgc bmkkwnasag mn seg msegr + segrg a f rad sefs
segq pall rgcwbg as cgkmbrfsab ggbs.?8
?2 Sm lgfrn kmrg fomws seg ewkfn ra`es mbw m mkowckgn mbg an Lfsan Fkgrabf, anblwcan` an frgf msegr sefn gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag, rgfc segGLLF Orag: Lfsan Fkgrabf Nfsamnfl Ewkfn _a`es Ansaswsamn: Hmsgran` Cgkmbrfsab Srfnasamn fnc @wfrfnsggan` Ewkfn _a`es.?3 Ogooan`smn ?991, fomxg n ?, 62.?7 Vwgfcf, K.H., @fkomf, B. ?997.Gl Cggnmr cgl Ywgolm gn Lfsanmfkrabf: wn Fnlaa Bmkyfrfsaxm%Seg Mkowckfn an Lfsan Fkgrabf: FBmkyfrfsaxg Fnflqa!. Wnaxgrasq m Bmsf _abf, Rfn Jm.?8 Bangrm, Y. ?966. Bkm g Bmnsrwqg lf Rwsgnsfoalacfc Fkoagnsfl= Guygragnbaf Bmnabsaxf cg lf Ancwsraf Kangrf gn Gbwfcmr%Emp aGnxarmnkgnsfl Rwsfanfoalasq Bmnsrwbsgc= Bmnabsaxg Guygragnbg m seg Kanan` Ancwsrq an Gbwfcmr!. HLFBRM, Vwasm.
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensoria.gob.pe%2Fhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1048http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1048http://www.cejamericas.org/nexos/61/es/images/defensoriaspanish_tomankersen.pdfhttp://issuu.com/flacsobooks/docs/como_se_construye_la_sustentabilidad_ambientalhttp://issuu.com/flacsobooks/docs/como_se_construye_la_sustentabilidad_ambientalhttp://issuu.com/flacsobooks/docs/como_se_construye_la_sustentabilidad_ambientalhttp://issuu.com/flacsobooks/docs/como_se_construye_la_sustentabilidad_ambientalhttp://www.cejamericas.org/nexos/61/es/images/defensoriaspanish_tomankersen.pdfhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1048http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=auto&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensoria.gob.pe%2F -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
11/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 66
Omu 0: Owalcan` f Ngp Bmnhabs Srfnmrkfsamn Yfrfca`k
_gbmkkgncfsamn mr f Nfsamnfl Rqsgk m Bmnhabs Kfnf`gkgns
Ofgc mn f yrgxamw fnflqa m seg bwrrgns ansaswsamnfl srgfskgns m bmnabs an Ygrw + kfanlq befrfbsgragcf rgymncan` sm braa + seg cmbwkgns wkkfragc egrg yrmymg sm brgfsg f nfsamnfl qsgk m bmnabskfnf`gkgns sefs ef seg bfyfoalasq sm srfnbgnc seg fckanasrfsamnyfrfca`k m bmnabs kfnf`gkgns sm fsrfnmrkfsamn yfrfca`k mbwan` mn srwbswrfl fnc ansaswsamnfl befn`g.
6. Seg qsgk emwlc og rwn oq fn ancgygncgns nfsamnfl fwsemrasq sefs fyyrmfbeg bmnlabs rmk f`mxgrnfnbg ygrygbsaxg. Sea ygrygbsaxg akylag seg foalasq sm frsabwlfsg seg myanamn fnc ansgrgs mfll sfdgemlcgr rmk cagrgns lgxgl + nfsamnfl, rg`amnfl fnc lmbfl + fnc sm owalc bmkkmn `wacglang smfbalasfsg caflm`wg.
?. Ymlasabfl cgbgnsrflafsamn a nggcgc sm mxgrbmkg seg xgrsabfl fnc gbsmrafl befrfbsgr m bmnlabskfnf`gkgns. Bgnsrfl mxgrnkgns nggc sm srfngr wnbsamn fnc bmkygsgnbg, wbe f gnxarmnkgnsflrg`wlfsamn, sm rg`amnfl fnc lmbfl mxgrnkgns.
2. Rsfsg fwsemrasag emwlc sfdg ansm fbbmwns rgbmkkgncfsamn rmk mkowckfn mabg fnc baxalmbagsq rmwy.
3. Fwsemrasag efxg sm wncgrsfnc nms mnlq cagrgns fbsmr cgkfnc ows flm bwlswrfllq gkogccgc pmrlcxagp, anblwcan` kfr`anfl ymywlfsamn fnc anca`gnmw kanmrasag. An sea gng, ansrwkgns wbe flmbfl bmnwlsfsamn bfn grxg f kgfn sm gkympgr lmbfl fbsmr.
7. Fnmsegr ofab bmkymngns m f nfsamnfl qsgk m bmnabs kfnf`gkgns a srfnyfrgnbq. As a xasfl smcgxglmy kgbefnak sm kmnasmr sfsg fbsamn, ng`msafsamn yrmbg fnc mwsbmkg, anblwcan` kgbefnaksm fllmp lmbfl ymywlfsamn sm lmc`g bmkylfans fnc cgnmwnbg ofc yrfbsabg.
8. Hanfllq, srwbswrfl bfwg m seg gkgr gnbg m bmnlabs kws flm og sfr`gsgc. seg Lfsan Fkgrabfnguygragnbg a sefs `wacglang bfn og xgrq wgwl sgkylfsg, semw`e segq efxg sm og fcjwsgc sm ygbabymywlfsamn fnc befn`an` bmnsgus.
Rmwrbg: Ewfkfna, @.gs fl. ?96?. Efbaf wnf Kgjmr @gsan cg lm Bmnabsm Rmbamfkoagnsflg gn gl Ygr%Smpfrc f Ogssgr Kfnf`gkgns m Rmbam+gnxarmnkgnsfl Bmnabs an Ygrw!.BAGR, Lakf.
http://cies.org.pe/libros/otras-investigaciones/hacia-una-mejor-gestionhttp://cies.org.pe/libros/otras-investigaciones/hacia-una-mejor-gestion -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
12/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG:GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 6?
GNFOLAN@ LFSAN FKG_ABFR
RWBBGRRHWL _GRYMNRG
Segrg frg sergg ansgrrglfsgc gnfolan` fbsmr sefs efxg rfkgc
gmrs sm yrgxgns fnc kfnf`g gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq bmnabs an
Lfsan Fkgrabf.
Hars, Lfsan Fkgrabf mn`man` fnc gngrflagc cgkmbrfsafsamn
yrmbg ef efc ymasaxg ymlasabfl fnc ansaswsamnfl ggbs an
seg rg`amn. Cgkmbrfsab, rgg fnc kmslq srwspmrseq glgbsamn
efxg fwrgc seg wrxaxfl m cgkmbrfsab ansaswsamn sefs efxg
`rmpn an kms bmwnsrag. Seg brgfsamn m mkowckfn mhbg an
gxgrfl bmwnsrag a f blgfr ymasaxg mwsbmkg. An gngrfl sgrk,
Lfsan Fkgrabfn sfsg efxg cgkmbrfsagc fnc srgn`segngc seg
sfsg fyyfrfsw, kfdan` ywolab ansaswsamn kmrg srfnyfrgns,
bfyfolg fnc rglafolg. Ancggc, segq frg kmrg fcgys fs kfnf`an`
bmnabs sefn ogmrg.
Rgbmnc, baxal mbagsq anbrgfan` yfrsabayfsamn an bmnlabs ef
brgfsgc kmrg rmmk mr grsalg caflm`wg fnc seg ymaoalasq m
bmnlabs srfnmrkfsamn. Baxal mbagsq rmwy efxg lmwraegc an
seg rgflk m nfsamnfl cgkmbrfsafsamn fnc lmoflafsamn. Segg
`rmwy frg nmp xaaolg fnc bgrsfanlq mwsymdgn. An gxgrfl
bfg segq efxg ansgrnfsamnfl bmnngbsamn fnc anbrgfan`
kmoalafsamn bfyfbasag: mr`fnafsamnfl fnc annmxfsaxg
kgsemc sm ywe mr befn`g. An bmwnsrag pegrg ymlasabfl
yfrsag efxg lms ymlasabfl blmws, `rfrmms mr`fnafsamn
flmng mr sermw`e mbafl kmxgkgns efxg rgylfbgc segk f
ymlasabfl rgyrggnsfsaxg. An fnq bfg, sfsg fnc bmkyfnag
nmp efxg ymlasabfllq srmn` bmwnsgryfrs peabe bgrsfanlq
fbalasfsg caflm`wg, kfdan` ymaolg seg mrkwlfsamn m rgflasab
flsgrnfsaxg sm bmnlabs.
Hanfllq, rgg kgcaf fnc seg cgxglmykgns m flsgrnfsaxg kgfn
m bmkkwnabfsamn efxg fbalasfsgc rg`amnfl, nfsamnfl fnc gxgn
ansgrnfsamnfl ywolab brwsanq m gusrfbsaxg bmnabs. Ywolab
myanamn a segrgoq kmrg gcwbfsgc fnc anwgnsafl sefn ogmrg,fnc bfn yrgxgns mr fs lgfs ywolablq bmncgkn ymaolg xamlfsamn
m cgkmbrfsab yrfbsabg an mn`man` bmnabs. An sea rg`frc, as
a pmrse nmsan` seg anbrgfan` wg m seg ansgrngs fnc mbafl
ngspmrd sm yrggns flsgrnfsaxg anmrkfsamn, f an seg Bmn`f mr
Yfbwf Lfkf bmnabs cabwgc fomxg. Bmnabsaxg bgnfram
fnc mygn bmnabs bfn nm lmn`gr og eaccgn rmk seg ywolab, m
sefs yraxfsg, sfsg fnc baxal mbagsq fbsmr an bmnabs sgnc sm srq
sm bmnsrml segar ogefxamwr, bmncwbsan` segkglxg an f kmrg
mbafllq fbbgysfolg pfq.
BMNSGUSWFLHFBSM_R
Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag efxg lgfrngc
sefs srwbswrfl mbafl yrmolgk wbe
f angvwflasq fnc kfr`anflafsamn
efxg brgfsgc hgrsalg yfbg hmr bmnabs
aswfsamn an seg rgflk mh gusrfbsaxg
ancwsrq guyfnamn. Sea kgfn sefs
bmnabs bfn og cahbwls sm rgmlxg an
seg emrs+sgrk. Empgxgr, segq efxg flmlgfrngc sefs bmnabs bfn og yrgxgnsgc,
kfnf`gc fnc gxgn srfnhmrkgc ansm
myymrswnasag sm rgxaas fnc emyghwllq
sfrs sm mlxg srwbswrfl mbafl fnc ymlabq
yrmolgk.
_g`frcan` bmnabs yrgxgnsamn, sfsg
efxg lgfrngc sefs segq nggc sm cgxglmy
yfrsabayfsmrq ymlabag fnc kgbefnak
6
?
23
LGRRMNR
LG
F_NGC
hmr hmsgran` rwrfl cgxglmykgns ylfnnan`
sefs anblwcg acgnsahqan` zmng hmr
gusrfbsamn. An sea rg`frc, blgfr lfnc
ra`es, f srfnyfrgns fnc yfrsabayfsmrq
yrmbg, fnc srmn`, blgfr fnc pgll+
gsfolaegc mbafl fnc gnxarmnkgnsfl
rg`wlfsamn fnc BR_ hrfkgpmrd frg
nggcgc.
_g`frcan` bmnabs kfnf`gkgns, Lfsan
Fkgrabfn baxal mbagsq fbsmr efxg
lgfrngc sefs gsfolaean` srfnyfrgns
caflm`wg fnc ng`msafsamn yrmbgg
a seg mnlq pfq sm kfansfan bmnabs
wncgr bmnsrml fnc sm rgfbe mbafllq
wsfanfolg f`rggkgns an seg rgflk mh
mn`man` bmnabs. Hmr sea, sfsg nggc
sm cgxglmy blgfr yrmbgcwrg, brgfsg fnc
srgn`segn ancgygncgns ansaswsamn,
gfrbe hmr lg`asakfsgc rgyrggnsfsaxg
fnc kgcafsmr, fnc fomxg fll fxmac
xamlgns gyamcg.
Hanfllq, gxgrfl Lfsan Fkgrabfn sfsg,
baxal mbagsq rmwy fnc gxgn gusrfbsaxg
bmrymrfsamn pmrdan` an seg rg`amn efxg
lgfrngc sefs segrg a rmmk hmr bmnabs
srfnhmrkfsamn. Hrmk sea ygrygbsaxg
bmnabs bfn flm og ggn f pancmp
mh myymrswnasq hmr akyrmxan` sfsg
ymlabag f pgll f sfbdlan`, fs lgfs sm
mkg gusgns, seg srwbswrfl yrmolgk
sefs frg seg wlsakfsg bfwg mh kms
bmnabsaxg aswfsamn.
-
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
13/14GLLF F_GF: GBMNMKAB CGXGLMYKGNS | GLLF SEGKG: GUS_FBSAXG ANCWRS_AGR FNC BMNHLABS KFNF@GKGNS 62
DNMPLGC@G YF_SNG_R
Sea a f fkylg m mkg m seg dgq mr`fnafsamn pmrdan` mnGusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc Bmnabs Kfnf`gkgns awg an Lfsan
Fkgrabf. Hmr fccasamnfl anmrkfsamn fomws segg fnc msegr
mr`fnafsamn pmrdan` mn segg segkg, rgfc segGLLF Rymsla`es
mn Mr`fnafsamn: Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc Bmnabs Kfnf`gkgns.
F yfrs m seg Bfsemlab Wnaxgrasq m Ygrw %Ymnsahbaf Wnaxgracfc
Bfslabf cgl Ygr!, seg Bgnsrg mr Fnflqa fnc _gmlwsamn m
Bmnabs %Bgnsrm cg Fnlaa q _gmlwban cg Bmnabsm! a
cgcabfsgc sm fnflqan`, yrgxgnsan` fnc kfnf`an` bmnabs
sermw`e srfanan`, rggfrbe fnc bmnwlsfnbq grxabg. Seg Bgnsrg
anblwcg f srmn` mbw mn mbam+gnxarmnkgnsfl bmnabs rglfsgc
sm nfswrfl rgmwrbg. Seg Bgnsrg pgoasg mgr anmrkfsamn
fomws bmwrg fnc bmngrgnbg fnc yrmxacg fbbg sm segar
ywolabfsamn, wbe f segar Froasrf`g %Froasrfjg! Jmwrnfl.
Seg Lfsan Fkgrabfn Mogrxfsmrq m Gnxarmnkgnsfl Bmnabs
%Mogrxfsmram Lfsanmfkgrabfnm cg Bmnabsm Fkoagnsflg!
kfansfan fn guefwsaxg cfsfofg m anmrkfsamn mn bmnabs
rglfsgc sm gusrfbsaxg fbsaxasag fbrm Lfsan Fkgrabf. An fccasamn
sm kmnasmran` bmnabs, seg Mogrxfsmram+ ofgc an Bealg + flm
yrmxacg bfyfbasq owalcan` sm bmkkwnasag anxmlxgc an bmnabsrglfsgc sm cggncan` segar gnxarmnkgnsfl ra`es, fnc bmncwbs
rggfrbe fnc efrg dnmplgc`g fomws kgsemcmlm`ag mr
kfnf`an` bmnabs.
Kang fnc Bmkkwnasag %KFB! a f ngspmrd yrmxacan` wy+sm+
cfsg anmrkfsamn fomws seg mbafl, gbmnmkab fnc gnxarmnkgnsfl
akyfbs m kanan`, pase f yfrsabwlfr mbw mn akyfbs mr
anca`gnmw fnc lfnc+ofgc ygmylg. Seg pgoasg anblwcg kwbe
anmrkfsamn fomws Lfsan Fkgrabfn bmwnsrag, anblwcan` fbmwnsrq
gfrbe smml.
Sgrrasmrq, Bmnabs fnc Cgxglmykgns an seg Fncg a f _ggfrbe
Yrm`rfkkg m seg Rbemml m Gnxarmnkgns fnc Cgxglmykgns fs
seg Wnaxgrasq m Kfnbegsgr an seg Wnasgc Dan`cmk. As mbwg
mn wncgrsfncan` seg ymlasabfl gbmlm`q m mbafl bmnabs fraan`
an rwrfl frgf m Lfsan Fkgrabf Fncgfn rg`amn f f rgwls m seg
ansgrylfq ogspggn nfswrfl rgmwrbg gusrfbsamn, lmbfl f`rabwlswrfl
fbsaxasag fnc cgxglmykgns yrmbgg, pase f ygbafl mbw mn
baxal mbagsq fnc mbafl kmxgkgns.
Seg ywrymg m seg Wnasgc Nfsamn Anca`gnmw Ygmylg
Yfrsngreay %WNAYY! a sm yrmxacg wyymrs sm ogssgr fccrg
anca`gnmw ygmylg ra`es fs seg bmwnsrq lgxgl pasean seg WN
qsgk. As bmxgr frgf anblwcan` bwlswrg, gbmnmkab, ymlasab,
bmkkwnabfsamn fnc ansgrnfsamnfl awg rglgxfns mr fnqmng
ansgrgsgc an rggfrbean` anca`gnmw awg fnc bmnabs an Lfsan
Fkgrabf.
_GBMKKGNCGC _GFCAN@
Seg mllmpan` a f glgbsamn m mkg m seg dgq ywolabfsamn rglfsgc
sm gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq bmnabs an Lfsan Fkgrabf. Hmr fccasamnfl
anmrkfsamn fomws segg fnc msegr akymrsfns pmrd, rgfc segwll GLLF Rymsla`es mn Ywolabfsamn: Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc
Bmnabs Kfnf`gkgns.
Ogooan`smn, F. ?969.Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc Rswnsgc Rsfsg:
Bmnabs, _gymnaoalasq fnc Ansaswsamnfl Befn`g an seg Fncg.
An: _fkfn, _. %gc.! Bmrymrfsg Rmbafl _gymnaoalasq: Cabmwrg,
Yrfbsabg fnc Ygrygbsaxg. Yfl`rfxg KfbKallfn, Lmncmn.
Hwlkgr, F. ?966.Seg Ymlasab m f Rsrfn`g _a`es: Bmnwlsfsamn,
Kanan` fnc Anca`gnmw Kmoalazfsamn an Lfsan Fkgrabf. ?966 Fnnwfl
Kggsan` Yfygr, Fkgrabfn Ymlasabfl Rbagnbg Fmbafsamn%FYRF!,Rgfsslg.
Eall, B., Lallqpeasg, R., Rakmn, K. ?969. @wacg Sm Hrgg Yramr fnc
Anmrkgc Bmngns. Mufk Fwsrflaf, Xabsmraf.
Lfsan Fkgrabfn Yrg-BmkwnabfbamngFlafcf. Jwng ?966.Yramr
Bmnwlsfsamn: F Hwncfkgnsfl _a`es mr Anca`gnmw Ygmylg.
BmkwnabfbamngFlafcf, Lakf.
Kmr`fnca, K. ?995.Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag _gxgnwg Casraowsamn fs
seg Rwo+Nfsamnfl Lgxgl: Seg Guygragnbg an Rgxgn _gmwrbg+rabe
Bmwnsrag. _gxgnwg Pfsbe Ansaswsg, Ngp Qmrd.
Rfpqgr, R., @mkgz, G. ?995. Srfnnfsamnfl @mxgrnkgnsflasq
fnc _gmwrbg Gusrfbsamn: Anca`gnmw Ygmylg, Kwlsanfsamnfl
Bmrymrfsamn, Kwlsanfsamnfl Ansaswsamn fnc seg Rsfsg. Wnasgc
Nfsamn _ggfrbe Ansaswsg mr Rmbafl Cgxglmykgns, @gngxf.
Pfrc, O., Rsrmn`kfn, J. ?966.@gncgr+gnasaxg Fyyrmfbeg mr
seg Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrq an Ygrw: Akyrmxan` seg Akyfbs mn Pmkgn
an Ymxgrsq fnc Segar Hfkalag. Pmrlc Ofnd, Pfean`smn, CB.
http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1036http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1036http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1036http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fconsensos.pucp.edu.pe%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fconsensos.pucp.edu.pe%2Fhttp://consensos.pucp.edu.pe/http://olca.cl/oca/index.htmhttp://www.minesandcommunities.org/http://www.minesandcommunities.org/list.php?f=3http://www.minesandcommunities.org/list.php?f=3http://www.minesandcommunities.org/list.php?f=3http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/research/andes/http://mptf.undp.org/factsheet/fund/IPP00http://mptf.undp.org/factsheet/fund/IPP00http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1038http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1038http://www.sed.man.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington-InRamanBook.pdfhttp://www.sed.man.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington-InRamanBook.pdfhttp://www.sed.man.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington-InRamanBook.pdfhttp://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1902259http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1902259http://resources.oxfam.org.au/filestore/originals/OAUs-GuideToFreePriorInformedConsent-0610.pdfhttp://resources.oxfam.org.au/filestore/originals/OAUs-GuideToFreePriorInformedConsent-0610.pdfhttp://www.latinamericapress.org/objetos/informe/14PI_consultation_lp.pdfhttp://www.latinamericapress.org/objetos/informe/14PI_consultation_lp.pdfhttp://www.latinamericapress.org/objetos/informe/14PI_consultation_lp.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/httpNetITFramePDF?ReadForm&parentunid=DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6&parentdoctype=paper&netitpath=80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6/$file/SawGomez-paper.pdfhttp://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/httpNetITFramePDF?ReadForm&parentunid=DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6&parentdoctype=paper&netitpath=80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6/$file/SawGomez-paper.pdfhttp://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/httpNetITFramePDF?ReadForm&parentunid=DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6&parentdoctype=paper&netitpath=80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6/$file/SawGomez-paper.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.esmap.org/esmap/sites/esmap.org/files/578680_Gender-Sensitive_Approaches_for_the_Extractive_Industry_in_Peru.pdfhttp://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/httpNetITFramePDF?ReadForm&parentunid=DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6&parentdoctype=paper&netitpath=80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6/$file/SawGomez-paper.pdfhttp://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/httpNetITFramePDF?ReadForm&parentunid=DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6&parentdoctype=paper&netitpath=80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6/$file/SawGomez-paper.pdfhttp://www.unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/httpNetITFramePDF?ReadForm&parentunid=DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6&parentdoctype=paper&netitpath=80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/DD4690C7DCC1A303C1257512003066D6/$file/SawGomez-paper.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.revenuewatch.org/sites/default/files/Extractive%20Industries%20Revenues%20Distribution%20at%20the%20Sub-National%20Level.pdfhttp://www.latinamericapress.org/objetos/informe/14PI_consultation_lp.pdfhttp://www.latinamericapress.org/objetos/informe/14PI_consultation_lp.pdfhttp://resources.oxfam.org.au/filestore/originals/OAUs-GuideToFreePriorInformedConsent-0610.pdfhttp://resources.oxfam.org.au/filestore/originals/OAUs-GuideToFreePriorInformedConsent-0610.pdfhttp://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1902259http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1902259http://www.sed.man.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington-InRamanBook.pdfhttp://www.sed.man.ac.uk/research/andes/publications/papers/Bebbington-InRamanBook.pdfhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1038http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1038http://mptf.undp.org/factsheet/fund/IPP00http://mptf.undp.org/factsheet/fund/IPP00http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/research/andes/http://www.minesandcommunities.org/list.php?f=3http://www.minesandcommunities.org/list.php?f=3http://www.minesandcommunities.org/http://olca.cl/oca/index.htmhttp://consensos.pucp.edu.pe/http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fconsensos.pucp.edu.pe%2Fhttp://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fconsensos.pucp.edu.pe%2Fhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1036http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1036 -
7/30/2019 GUIDE: Latin American Approaches to Extractive Industry Conflict
14/14
LGF_N KM_G H_MK SEG GLLF O_AGHR
Segg mwr GLLF Orag mbw an mn mkg m seg kms akymrsfnsGusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc Bmnabs Kfnf`gkgns awg an Lfsan
Fkgrabf.
Kfnf`an` Bmnlabs Sermw`e Bmnwlsfsamn: Lfsan Fkgrabf
Guygragnbg
Lfsan Fkgrabf ef ggn f wr`g an bmnwlsfsamn yrmbgg
sfdan` f xfragsq m mrk fnc ywegc oq cagrgns fbsmr rmk
seg sfsg, yraxfsg bmkyfnag fnc baxal mbagsq.
Anca`gnmw Ygmylg, Bmnlabs fnc Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag: Lfsan
Fkgrabfn Fyyrmfbeg
An Lfsan Fkgrabf, rgbm`naan` anca`gnmw bwlswrfl, lfnc fnc
bmnwlsfsamn ra`es a man` f lmn` pfq smpfrc rgcwban` bmnabs
mxgr gusrfbsaxg ancwsrq yrmjgbs.
_gns Casraowsamn fnc Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrq Bmnlabs: Seg Lfsan
Fkgrabfn Fyyrmfbe
Bfn rgns casraowsamn rgcwbg gusrfbsaxg ancwsrag bmnabs= F
mbw mn seg Ygrwxafn bfg egly ea`ela`es emp fnc a segg
begkg bmwlc yrmxg ggbsaxg an kfnf`an` bmnabs.
Rkfll+bflg fnc Anmrkfl Kanan`: F Oa` Yrmolgk mr Lfsan Fkgrabfn
Rsfsg
Lfsan Fkgrabf ef guygragnbgc fn fkfzan` `rmpse fnc
srfnmrkfsamn m kfll+bflg kanan` m sefs as a nm lmn`gr kfll
mr frsafnfl, ogbmkan` ansgfc yfrfkmwns an anmrkflasq fnc f
ew`g befllgn`g mr mxgrnkgns an seg rg`amn.
HANC MWS KM_G H_MK GLLFSm lgfrn kmrg fomws Gusrfbsaxg Ancwsrag fnc Bmnhlabs Kfnf`gkgns anLfsan Fkgrabf, rgfc seg rgs mh segGLLF dnmplgc`g kfsgraflmn sea segkg. Smlgfrn kmrg fomws msegr GLLF cgxglmykgns awg, ormpg msegr GLLF Segkg.
BMNSFBS @_FCGSm lgfrn kmrg fomws seg awg yrggnsgc an sea @wacg, bmnsfbs seg fwsemr,@grfrcm Cfkmnsg, Yranbayfl _ggfrbegr, @_FCG,`cfkmnsgI`rfcg.mr`.yg.
GLLF a wyymrsgc oq:
http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1034http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1034http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1074http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1074http://ella.practicalaction.org/http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1052http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1052http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1052http://ella.practicalaction.org/ella-knowledgehttp://www.grade.org.pe/english/http://www.dfid.gov.uk/http://www.dfid.gov.uk/http://practicalaction.org/consulting-latin-americahttp://www.grade.org.pe/english/http://www.grade.org.pe/english/http://ella.practicalaction.org/ella-knowledgehttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1052http://ella.practicalaction.org/http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1074http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1074http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1062http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1034http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1034http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1013
top related