hepnt john gordon dci, ral integration the unix enthusiast’s view of nt unix

HEPNT

John Gordon

DCI, RAL

Integration

The Unix Enthusiast’s View of

NT Unix

The NT Enthusiast’s View of

NT Unix

Harmony?

CPUDesktops File Servers Print Servers

Mail Web Network

A Unix Site

WAN

NT W98

W95W31NT

CPUDesktops File Servers Print Servers

Mail Web Network

A PC Site

WAN

NT W98

W95NT

CPUDesktops File Servers Print Servers

Mail Web Network

A Mixed Site

WAN

NT W98

Areas for Integration

• File Services

• Printing

• Network Services

• Cross-platform use

• Porting

NT Client Unix Client

Unix ServerNT Server

SM

B

NF

S

NFS

NFS

Samba

SMB

NFS NFS

Samba

SMB

NFS

SMB

Data Flow

SMB

NFS

File Access

• Samba gateways between SMB and Unix in both directions

• NFS client for NT allows access to Unix servers

• NFS server for NT allows unix clients access to NT files.

AFS

• AFS Client for NT– allows access to the WAN

– as well as your own cell

– integrated fairly well with NT

– windows and linemode interfaces

• AFS server for NT– available

– no experience in HEP

Printing

• Most systems support LPR/LPD

NTS

LPD

PRT1

Mac

LPDUnix

NTW

NETBIOS

LPR

Printing

• Using LPR printing gives a symmetry between NT and Unix printing which can be used to:– allow NT users to use an existing Unix printing

infrastructure

– allow Unix users to use an NT printing infrastructure

– allow an easy migration between unix and NT

– allow peaceful coexistence between unix and NT (and VMS)

Network Services

• SMTP, DNS, DHCP, Dialup

• All available on NT

• Web servers and other tools

• The web is a good example of a recent development where unix doesn’t have the advantage of history. Tools like Frontpage give NT the lead even without MS extensions.

Cross-Platform Access

• You have NT and want access to Unix applications and tools.

• You have unix and want access to NT applications and tools.

Unixy Things from NT

• X11 server

• Unix Environment on NT– Cygnus cygwin32

– Nutcracker

– Interix

– MS NT Services for Unix add-on pack

• Port programs to Win32 API

Cygwin

• A porting layer for unix applications

• DLL provides a large subset of unix system calls: Posix.1, ANSI C, BSD and SVR4 services including Berkeley sockets

• Gnu compiler tools

• bash shell

• Maps unix system calls onto WIN32

NuTcracker

• Extensive set of libraries which interface unix system calls to WIN32.

Interix (was OpenNT)

• Alternative sub-system, not an emulation layer

• Implements system calls through a Posix subsystem directly into the kernel services, not through WIN32.

• X11 server and clients, multi-user telnetd, bash shell, gnu compilers.

NT applications from Unix

• Get a PC

• Run emulation software – SoftWindows, WABI

• Remote access to NT server from unix– NT 3.51 Wincenter, Ntrigue, WinDD

– NT4 Terminal Server, Winframe, Wincenter

Remote Access to NT

Citrix MetaFrame

MS NT 4.0Terminal Server Edition

X Server (UNIX/PC.)Telnet / rsh

WinFrame ClientNT, W95/98,UNIX, Mac..ICA

NCD WinCenterfor MetaFrame

M/S Thin ClientNT W/S,W95/98...T.120

X11

Batch

• LSF, the current batch system of choice in HEP has support for mixed clusters including unix and NT

• The only restriction is that the master node must be unix

Unix in an NT Environment

• Many unix suppliers provide NT services on unix

• Digital Pathworks, Sun’s Cascade allow their bigger servers to be integrated into NT environments

• Allow sharing between unix and NT but not always marketed as such.

Summary

• Unix and NT are just operating systems

• They have many services in common

• They each have their strengths

• Most sites will have a mix of services

• Ideally, use the one which is best for the job…

• ….but we all have historical and political constraints.

URLs

• http://www.transarc.com/Product/EFS/TechSheets/Afsnt/afsnt.html AFS NT

• http://www.interix.com/ Interix Home Page

• http://www.datafocus.com/products/nutcracker/" NuTCRACKER Product Information

• http://www.hummingbird.com/products/nc/nfs/index.html NFS Maestro

• http://www.hummingbird.com/products/nc/exceed/index.html Exceed

• http://www.platform.com/ Platform Computing Corporation