highly pathogenic avian influenza in egypt presentation by prof. dr. hamed samaha cvo, govs hpai...
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Highly Pathogenic Avian InfluenzaHighly Pathogenic Avian InfluenzaIN EGYPTIN EGYPT
Presentation byPresentation by
Prof. Dr. Hamed SamahaProf. Dr. Hamed SamahaCVO, GOVSCVO, GOVS
HPAI Technical MeetingHPAI Technical MeetingRome, 27-29 JuneRome, 27-29 June
HPAI in EgyptHPAI in Egypt
Historical view of the diseaseHistorical view of the disease
Current status of the diseaseCurrent status of the disease
Integrated National Plan for Avian and Human InfluenzaIntegrated National Plan for Avian and Human Influenza
WHAT WAS DONE WHAT WAS DONE
CURRENT ACTIVITIESCURRENT ACTIVITIES
CONSTRAINTSCONSTRAINTS
FUTURE INTERVENTIONSFUTURE INTERVENTIONS
Historical view of the diseaseHistorical view of the disease
The first HPAI outbreak was announced on 17th February 2006
It started in 3 governorates and spread thereafter to 21 out of the 27 governorates of the country, infecting commercial and backyard systems
36 million birds have been culled with costs estimated at between 2 36 million birds have been culled with costs estimated at between 2 to 3 million USD.to 3 million USD.
1.5 million individuals whose livelihoods depend on poultry were 1.5 million individuals whose livelihoods depend on poultry were affectedaffected
The disease is now endemic and outbreaks are detected from north to south of the country but mainly in the areas adjacent to the Nile river
Current status of the diseaseCurrent status of the diseaseUpdated on 13/6/2007 (Since February 2006)
Poultry cases
Backyard – 370 cases; Farms – 850 cases; Zoo – 4 cases.
Human cases 3281 suspected cases 37 cases confirmed 15 deaths
11 males and 26 females 2 cases in farm workers 35 cases in backyard owners
Monthly evolution of positive cases of HPAI in Egypt
0
100
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700F
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6
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New
cas
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In poultry
Integrated National Plan for Avian and Integrated National Plan for Avian and Human InfluenzaHuman Influenza
Regulatory measuresRegulatory measures SurveillanceSurveillance Culling and disinfectionCulling and disinfection Restocking of farmsRestocking of farms CompensationCompensation VaccinationVaccination Communication, and awarenessCommunication, and awareness TrainingTraining Quarantine measuresQuarantine measures Registration of poultry slaughter housesRegistration of poultry slaughter houses
Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (MALR) is responsible for the progressive Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (MALR) is responsible for the progressive control of HPAI H5N1 in domestic poultrycontrol of HPAI H5N1 in domestic poultry
Government coordination of HPAI activities is provided by a Supreme Committee headed by the Government coordination of HPAI activities is provided by a Supreme Committee headed by the Ministry of Health and Population, an Avian Influenza Scientific Committee at GOVS level and a Ministry of Health and Population, an Avian Influenza Scientific Committee at GOVS level and a Committee for Combating Avian Influenza within the MARLCommittee for Combating Avian Influenza within the MARL
What was done (1/2)What was done (1/2) Trainings on various topics for:Trainings on various topics for:
field veterinarians, 2400 farm workers, 3600 staff at Governorate and field veterinarians, 2400 farm workers, 3600 staff at Governorate and District veterinary servicesDistrict veterinary services
Development of SOPs on surveillance, culling, etc.Development of SOPs on surveillance, culling, etc.
Culling – around 36 million birdsCulling – around 36 million birds Recruitment of national staff: 1200 veterinarians; 1200 employees; 300 Recruitment of national staff: 1200 veterinarians; 1200 employees; 300
derivers (vaccination. surveillance and control)derivers (vaccination. surveillance and control) Initially compensation was done (185 million LE) Initially compensation was done (185 million LE) Vaccination started on 7Vaccination started on 7thth March 2006 (H5N1 and H5N2 inactivated March 2006 (H5N1 and H5N2 inactivated
vaccines)vaccines) 0ver 750 million birds were vaccinated with H5N2 and 150 million birds 0ver 750 million birds were vaccinated with H5N2 and 150 million birds
with H5N1 in commercial farmswith H5N1 in commercial farms; 70 million birds were vaccinated with ; 70 million birds were vaccinated with H5N1 in backyards; H5N1 in backyards; 11 million day old chicks were vaccinated with 11 million day old chicks were vaccinated with H5N2H5N2
What was done (2/2)What was done (2/2)
Cooperation with other agencies (ongoing)Cooperation with other agencies (ongoing)
UNICEF (support in Communications and technical advices )
NAMRU-3 and WHO (assistance in viruses isolation, strengthening of national referral labs)
AU / IBAR via OIE (14 million doses of H5N2 AI vaccine)
The World Bank (minimize risk of Human Influenza via controlling HPAI in domestic birds)
Development of national preparedness plans and other activities in collaboration with FAO, WB, WHO, UNICEF, UNSIC, WFP, USAID
Current activities Mass vaccination of backyard flocks (national plan for backyard poultry vaccination)
Increase the capacity of the central laboratory and it’s satellites
Assistance in public awareness campaigns
Restructuring and upgrading the poultry production sector, and improving the backyard practices
Reviewing and amending the current disease control decrees and laws
Setting clear description for the mandates of the relevant parties within MoALR and among all other relevant national or international parties
Reviewing and Improving the Egyptian National Integrated plan for control and eradication of HPAI, with new approaches for the surveillance plan to effectively minimize the spread of the virus and monitor the efficacy of the control measures
ConstraintsConstraints At village, district and governorate level the existing public veterinary services need At village, district and governorate level the existing public veterinary services need
to be strengthenedto be strengthened Provision of technical assistanceProvision of technical assistance Information flow between the different administrative levels – needs Information flow between the different administrative levels – needs
improvementimprovement Coordination between all relevant authorities needs to be strengthenedCoordination between all relevant authorities needs to be strengthened
Difficulties to enforce legislationDifficulties to enforce legislation
Standard procedures in core functions (preparedness, surveillance, control, Standard procedures in core functions (preparedness, surveillance, control, quarantine, biosecurity, certification) – needs to be tested / updatedquarantine, biosecurity, certification) – needs to be tested / updated
Response capacity to confirmed infections – needs to improveResponse capacity to confirmed infections – needs to improve
CullingCulling compensation initially not applied to backyard poultry keeperscompensation initially not applied to backyard poultry keepers no incentive to notify a suspected cases of HPAIno incentive to notify a suspected cases of HPAI
Future interventions (1/2)Future interventions (1/2) SOPs developed / updated, tested and disseminated SOPs developed / updated, tested and disseminated
In each governorate, a rapid response team to disease outbreaks will be In each governorate, a rapid response team to disease outbreaks will be constituted and equippedconstituted and equipped
At village, district and governorate levels strengthen the existing public veterinary At village, district and governorate levels strengthen the existing public veterinary servicesservices
Provision of technical assistance / means of real-time communication / Provision of technical assistance / means of real-time communication / trainingtraining
Continue vaccination of poultry nationwide (mass vaccination)Continue vaccination of poultry nationwide (mass vaccination)
Developing of national laboratory for vaccine production to produce AI Developing of national laboratory for vaccine production to produce AI vaccinevaccine
Increasing the capacity of poultry slaughter housesIncreasing the capacity of poultry slaughter houses
Continue restructuring the national poultry production industryContinue restructuring the national poultry production industry
Future interventions (2/2)Future interventions (2/2)
In collaboration with FAO and other partners to implement the In collaboration with FAO and other partners to implement the following projects:following projects:
Strengthening the animal health system at local, governorate Strengthening the animal health system at local, governorate and central levels to prevent, control, and eradicate highly and central levels to prevent, control, and eradicate highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1in Egyptpathogenic avian influenza H5N1in Egypt
Emergency assistance for the early detection, prevention and Emergency assistance for the early detection, prevention and control of avian influenza in the Maghreb and Egyptcontrol of avian influenza in the Maghreb and Egypt
Promoting strategies for prevention and control of HPAI that Promoting strategies for prevention and control of HPAI that focus on smallholder livelihoods and biodiversityfocus on smallholder livelihoods and biodiversity
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