histology of spinal cord and cerebellum by dr. roomi
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7/31/2019 Histology of Spinal Cord and Cerebellum by Dr. ROOMI
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HISTOLOGY OF NERVOUS TISSUE
BY
DR. MUDASSAR ALI ROOMI (MBBS, M. PHIL)
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SPINAL CORD
It is cylindrical part of CNSwhich runs in vertebralcanal.
It is Covered by 3 layers ofC.T. meninges (dura matter,arachnoid matter, piamatter).
Inner grey matter (H-shaped or butterfly shapedarrangement)
Outer white matter
Two nerve roots- onesensory, one motor.
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SPINAL CORD
In t.s. oval in shape.
More flattened ventrally than dorsally.
Central canal lined by ependymal cells.
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SPINAL CORD
Dorsal median septum
Dorsal median sulcus
Ventral median fissure
Anterior (ventral) horn
Lateral horn
Posterior (dorsal) horn
Dorsal grey commissre
Ventral grey commissure
Dorsal white column
Lateral white column Ventral white column
Dorsal root of spinal nerve
Ventral root of spinal nerve
Dorsal root ganglion
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Anterior horn of spinal cord
Anterior horn of spinal cord has got multipolar
neurons.
Important cells in ant. Horn- @ motor neurons
Functionally these are motor neurons.
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HOW TO DRAW IT!
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Identification points of spinal cord
1. Central canal is presentlined by ependymal cells
2. Inner butterfly shaped
arrangement of greymatter
3. Large Multipolarneurons in the anterior
horn4. Outer white matter
5. Pia matter on thesurface.
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CEREBELLUM Two cerebellar hemispheres
Surface shows fissures whichdivide the cerebellum into
lobules
Grey matter on the surface
Inner white matter
Deep nuclei of grey matter also
present in the white matter
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CEREBELLUM
3 layers of cerebellar
cortex:
1. Molecular layer
2. Purkinje cells layer
3. Granular layer
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1. Molecular layer
Cell population is low
Mainly composed of cell
processes
Stellate cells and basketcells are present here.
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1. Molecular layer (cont.)
Stellate cells:
Have small star shaped cellbodies
Each cell has many short thindendrites
a fine unmyelinated axon ispresent which make synapseswith the dendrites of the purkinjecells
Basket cells:
Also have a small cell body
Numerous branching dendrites
Unmyelinated axon gives offdescending branches which formbasket-like arborizations aroundthe bodies of the Purkinje cells
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2. Purkinje cells layer
Single row of Purkinje
cells are present here
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2. Purkinje cells layer (cont.)
Purkinje cells:
these are large,
multipolar neurons.
Vesicular nucleus with aprominent nucleolus
Large number of Nissl
granules in thecytoplasm
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cerebellum
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2. Purkinje cells layer
Fan shaped, repeatedlybranching dendriticarborization which entersthe molecular layer
Axon arises from thebase, passes through thegranular layer to enterthe underlying whitematter
Most of the axons of thePurkinje cells terminate inthe deep cerebellarnuclei.
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3. Granular layer
This layer contains densepopulation of small neuronscalled granule cells
Granule cells appear asclosely pecked nuclei which
stain deeply basophilic Golgi type II cells are also
present in the granularlayer.
Glomeruli: these are
irregularly scattered lighterstaining areas within thegranular layer.
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3. Granular layer (cont.)
Each granule cell gives 4-5short dendrites
The unmyelinated axon ofthe granule cells ascends tothe molecular layer where it
bifurcates into twobranches which run parallelto the surface of the cortexand are called as parallelfibers.
Golgi type II cells have shortaxon which make synapsewith the terminal branhchesof the Mossy fibers.
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Afferent fibers of the cerebellum
Climbing fibers:
these fibers originate in theinferior olivary nucleus ofmedulla oblongata.
These fibers synapse with
the dendrites of the Purkinjefibers in the molecular layer.
Mossy fibers:
these fibers originate in thespinal cord and in brain stem.
They make contact with thedendrites of the granules cellsand axons of the Golgi type IIneurons.
CLIMBING FIBERS
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cerebellum
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HOW TO DRAW IT!
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Cerebellum- Identification points
Outer grey matter
having 3 layers
(molecular layer,
Purkinje cell layer,granular layer)
Inner white matter
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