History Study Guide
Alabama High School Graduation
Exam
Who was the director of the Seneca Falls Convention and a
women’s rights advocate?
Elizabeth Cady
Stanton
Who is known for her work in
women’s rights, esp. the suffrage
movement?
(She was once on a $1 coin)Susan B.
Anthony
Who was the woman who tried to get poor women to use birth
control?
Margaret Sanger
Who was the Chief Justice
of the U.S. Supreme
Court during the formative
years?
John Marshall
Who wrote our National Anthem, “The Star Spangled Banner?”
Francis Scott Key
What U.S. President was elected by the Common Man
(1828) and moved Indians to
reservations?
Andrew Jackson
Who raided the army arsenal at Harpers Ferry to get weapons to
kill slave owners?
John Brown
Who was the President of
the U.S. during the Civil War?
(he wanted no extension of
slavery)
Abraham Lincoln
Who was the commander of the SOUTHERN Army during the
Civil War?
Robert E. Lee
Who was the 1st and only President of the Confederacy
(during the Civil War)?
Jefferson Davis
Who was the leader of the Union Army (NORTH) during the Civil War?
(he was a weak President later)
Ulysses S. Grant
Who created the idea of Social Darwinism?
“Survival of the Fittest”
Charles Darwin
What rich American owned most of the oil rights in the United States?
John D. Rockefeller
Who founded the Niagara
Movement which became the
NAACP?
(National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People)
William E. B. Dubois
Who was the founder of the Tuskegee Institute
(an Alabama flight school for blacks)?
Booker T. Washington
Who invented peanut butter
and developed over 300
products from peanuts?
George Washington Carver
What U.S. President was one of the “Rough Riders” during the
Spanish-American War?
Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt
What U.S. President
created the League of
Nations after World War I, but the U.S. didn’t
join it?
Woodrow Wilson
Whose assassination started World
War I?
Archduke Francis
Ferdinand
Who was the leader of
Germany who killed Jews
during WWII?
Hitler
Who made the first non-stop flight from U.S. to Paris?
(His plane was named The Spirit of St. Louis)
Charles Lindberg
Which U.S. President who was blamed for the Great Depression?
Herbert Hoover
Who was the U.S. President
during the Great Depression and
WWII?
(he created TVA and alphabet
agencies)
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Who was the leader of Russia
(Soviet Union) during World
War II?
Joseph Stalin
Who was the leader of the British forces (England) during World War II?
Winston Churchill
Who was the leader of Italy during World
War II?
Benito Mussolini
Who was the U.S. Supreme Commander of World War II?
General Dwight D.
Eisenhower
Who was the first person to
warn the colonists that
the British soldiers were
headed to Lexington and
Concord?
Paul Revere
What is the name of
England’s Bill of Rights?
(It was signed in 1215 by King John)
Magna Carta
What was the Constitutional Convention’s decision to
apportion representation in Congress Called?
Senate (2 people) and
House of Representatives
(based on population)
When deciding how to apportion representation, what was the Constitutional Convention’s
decision to count 5 slaves as 3 people?
Which Branch of the U.S. Government makes the laws?
Legislative Branch
Which Branch of the U.S. Government enforces the law?
Executive Branch
Which Branch of the U.S. government interprets the law?
Judicial Branch
What states we can change or add laws as times change,
or as necessary?
Elastic Clause
What was the name of the laws which separated blacks and whites?
Black Codes (Jim Crow Laws)
Which treaty ended the French and Indian War?
(England got all land east of Mississippi)
Treaty of 1763
What treaty gave the U.S. all the land east of the
Mississippi River?(it ended the
American Revolution)
What was the process of kidnapping British Navy men and forcing them into military service?
Impressments
What is a government order prohibiting the
movement of merchant ships into or out of its ports?
What is the surrounding and blockading of a city, town, or
fortress by an army attempting to capture it called?
siege
What document describes how to become a state?
Northwest Ordinance
The ______________________ established that new states
above 36o 30’ North would be free,
and those below could decide.
Missouri Compromise
The movement attempting to end the legal sale of alcohol
temperance
What is the movement to end slavery called?
Abolition
What is the term which means “pride in one’s country?”
nationalism
What was the high tax on imported goods, designed to help
American factories by causing import prices
to be higher?
Which court case stated “once a slave, always a slave?”
Dred Scott Decision
Which law stated the North had to return runaway slaves to Southern
slave owners?
Fugitive Slave Act
What law gave settlers 160 acres of land if they agreed
to live on it for 5 years?
Homestead Act
Lincoln’s attempt to free slaves in the
South was the ____________________________
Emancipation Proclamation
Northerners who helped the South during the Civil War
and Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers
Southerners who helped the North during the Civil War were called____________ Scalawags
Area of the country that always voted Democratic in early elections was called
___________ Solid South
To own all of something in business, or a particular kind of business
monopoly
Newspaper writers who exposed corruption were called
______________ muckrakers
____________, a muckraker,
wrote “The Jungle”an expose’ on
the meat packing industry
Upton Sinclair
This court case
established “separate but equal”
Plessy vs.
Ferguson
What area of the USA is known for their farming and plantations?
The South
Which state got its independence from Mexico?
(It was once an independent nation)
Texas
Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek Indians at
________________ AlabamaHorseshoe Bend,
The fort under fire when Francis Scott Key wrote the “The Star Spangled Banner”
during the War of 1812?
Fort McHenry
Kansas-Nebraska Act:It proposed that the states would have the freedom to decide the
issue of slavery
(Let the people decide)
What was the Doctrine called?
The first capital of the
Confederacy
Montgomery, Alabama
The 2nd capital of the Confederacy
Richmond, Virginia
The county that attempted to secede from Alabama during
the Civil War
What was the only U.S. state formed as a direct result of the Civil War?
(It seceded from Virginia)
West Virginia
The city on the Mississippi River that Grant captured to split the
South during the Civil War
Vicksburg, Mississippi
This battle was the turning point of the Civil War
Gettysburg
Where did Lee surrender to Grant to end
the Civil War?
Appomattox Courthouse
What place in the Americas connected the Atlantic
and Pacific Oceans?
(associated with yellow fever)
Panama Canal
Germany invaded this country to begin World War II
Poland
This U.S. Naval Base was bombed by the Japanese on
December 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
D-Day began here June 6, 1944(a city in France where U.S. troops
landed during WWII)
Normandy
Two Japanese cities where atomic bombs were dropped by
the United States
Hiroshima & Nagasaki
The turning point of the American Revolution
(huge defeat of England)
Saratoga
Which amendment to the Constitution ended slavery in
seceding states?
multiple choice
13th
14th
15th
18th
Which amendment to the Constitution
made former slaves citizens?
multiple choice
13th 14th 15th 18th
Which amendment to the Constitution gave all men the right
to vote?
multiple choice
13th
14th
15th
18th
Which amendment to the Constitution created
the income tax?
14th
15th
16th
18th
Which amendment to the Constitution stopped the
sale of alcohol?
14th
15th
16th
18th
Which amendment to the Constitution repealed the 18th
Amendment?
13th 14th 19th 21st
This was a war to regain Holy Land from Muslims for Christians
(led by Pope Pious II)
Crusades
During this period of time there was a REBIRTH of learning in Europe
The _________________________ led to the creation of other churches
outside the Catholic faith
Protestant Reformation
In this war, the French and Indians
fought settlers, and the settlers moved into
the Ohio Valley
French & Indian War
These two acts stopped the creation of
monopolies
Clayton & Sherman Anti-Trust Acts
______ means “city”Urban
Rural______ means “country”A word describing farms and
plantations in the South
A German U-boat sank this British ship involving the
USA in World War I (There were 128 Americans on board at the time)
Lusitania
This German telegram caused the USA to enter
World War I
(It promised Mexico land in America if they would declare war on the USA)
Zimmerman Note
This organization was created by President Woodrow Wilson
(similar to United Nations;the USA did not join)
League of Nations
During the 1920’s
GOOD TIMES
nickname
Jazz Age
A person who worked on a farm in exchange for a percentage of crop
was called a _______________sharecropper
A person who rented land and shared the proceeds of his crop was called a
_____________tenant farmer
What was movement which attempted to end the sale of
alcohol in the USA?
Prohibition
Franklin D. Roosevelt’s plan to stop the Great Depression
The New Deal
unemployment insurance
old age pension
help for the handicapped
Social Security
This act created:
This New Deal organization insured bank deposits
F.D.I.C.
Franklin D. Roosevelt talked
to people over the radio in a
series of broadcasts
called
“fireside chats”
The wind blew topsoil away in the west during the ___________Dust Bowl
To kill an entire group of people
GENOCIDE
Alabama Indian Tribes
Choctaw Chickasaw Cherokee Creek
These three Amendments to the U.S. Constitution are collectively known as the
__________ Amendments
Civil War
This is required before one can vote in the United States
citizenship
“The Father of the Blues”Famous jazz musician from Alabama
W. C. Handy
Drained areas around Panama Canal to control
mosquitoes and end theYellow Fever
epidemic
William Gorgas
The first permanent Spanish settlement in present day USA
St. Augustine, Florida
First successful permanent English settlement in present day USA
Jamestown, Virginia
Cornwallis surrendered to Washington here
(French broke British blockade)
Yorktown
This state was admitted to the Union on December 14, 1819
The Indians were moved from southeast United States to this present
day state on the “Trail of Tears”
Oklahoma
Mormons moved here to practice
their religion without
interference
Utah
Gold was discovered here starting with the 1849 Gold Rush
Sutters Mill, California
Area of the country that developed industrially
early in our history
Thomas Jefferson wrote this document which caused the
separation of the U.S. from England
Declaration of Independence
Who warned us to avoid
political parties and
foreign alliances in his
farewell address?
George Washington
The supreme law of the
United States that begins
“We the people”
Constitution
The First 10 Amendments to the Constitution are collectively known
as the ______________Bill of Rights
In 1776, the war in which the American colonists
fought England(France helped the colonists)
Revolutionary War
U.S.A. vs. England (again)2nd American Revolution
War of 1812
Name of land Thomas Jefferson purchased from France (Napoleon)
Louisiana Purchase
Scientific expedition from Mississippi River to Pacific Ocean to
map the Louisiana Purchase
Lewis & Clark Expedition
A time when there was only one
political party was called the . . .
The Indians were moved from the south to Oklahoma along the
Trail of Tears
The belief that it was America’s right and destiny to own the
land from the Atlantic to the Pacific was . . .
The U.S. defeated Mexico and got land
from Texas to California in this war
Mexican War
* The U.S. fought the Spanish in this war
* A short war (fought in Cuba) started fueled by yellow journalism/muckrakers
Spanish American
War
Woodrow Wilson was President
during this war
World War IThe trenches
During this time, there was widespread unemployment. The crash of the stock market
signaled the start of ______________________The Great Depression
The killing of the Jews in WWII in Germany
Holocaust
The event where colonists threw tea into the harbor over taxes
Boston Tea Party
1st shots of American Revolution were fired here
“the shot heard around the world”
Lexington & Concord
1st Battle of American Revolution(after war was declared)
Bunker Hill
Andrew Jackson defeated the
British
Battle fought after the War of 1812 was over
Battle of ______________New Orleans
Yankee general who destroyed
everything from Atlanta to Atlantic Ocean
(Civil War)
William T. Sherman: Sherman’s “March to the
Sea”
Man associated with Jamestown
* Tobacco * No Work – no food
John Smith
King of England during
American Revolution
George III
Leader of Boston’s Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams
Commander of Continental
Army
1st President of the USA
George Washington
Said “Federal government has
MOST power”
Federalists
Alexander Hamilton
President who said, “States government have most
power”
Was for States’ Rights
Thomas Jefferson
Patrick Henry
Give me libertyor give me death!Who said it?
British General who surrendered to Washington at Yorktown
General _____________Cornwallis
Dictator of France
Sold Louisiana to USA for $15 million
Napoleon
• 5th President of the USA
• Ran Unopposed
• Era of Good Feelings
James Monroe
____________ invented the cotton gin, as well as interchangeable
parts for guns
Eli Whitney
The steam boat was invented by
________________ Robert Fulton
Developed the “American System”
of better roads
Bank of U.S.
Protective Tariff
Henry Clay
Wrote “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”
Harriett Beecher Stowe
He published the anti-slavery
newspaper called the “Liberator”
He ran the anti-slavery
movement
William Lloyd Garrison
Woman involved in the movement to help mental patients and
make sure they were treated
fairly
Dorothea Dix
A former slave
Frederick Douglas
He published “North Star” newspaper
A former female slave & traveling
speaker after emancipation
Sojourner Truth
This woman was
associated with the
Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman
This man was associated with “Free Public Education”
Horace Mann
The man responsible
for the founding of Mobile, AL
Iberville LeMoyne
Mobile
Serbian who assassinated the Archduke of Austria-Hungary,
starting World War I
Gavrilo Princip
Who wrote The Scarlet Letter?
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Who wrote
The Grapes of Wrath?
John Steinbeck
Who wrote
The Old Man and the Sea?
Ernest Hemmingway
Who wrote The Sun Also Rises?
Ernest Hemmingwa
y
Who wrote
The Great Gatsby?
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Who wrote The Raven?
Edgar Allen Poe
Who wrote
The Last of the Mohicans?
James Fennimore
Cooper
The attempt by John Adams to keep Federalists in control
during Jefferson administration
Midnight Appointments
An American foreign policy opposing interference in the Western Hemisphere from
outside powers
Monroe Doctrine
U.S. program of economic aid for the reconstruction of
Europe
(named after George C. Marshall)
Marshall Plan
The Italian immigrants accused of payroll robbery
during the Red Scare
Sacco and
Vanzetti
This would allow trade with China
and keep the nation from
being divided
Open Door Policy
Time after WWI when people in the U.S. were afraid the
Communists would take over
Red Scare
Journalist Muckraker
Ida Tarbell
Political party that wanted government ownership of
the transportation industry and free coinage of silver, direct election of Senators and the graduated income
tax
Populist Party
The period of rebuilding the South after the Civil War
Reconstruction
________ towns sprang up overnight, usually around
gold mines.
Boom
The
_______________________ ended the Missouri
Compromise, created the Fugitive Slave Act,
admitted California as a FREE state
Lincoln’s speech to dedicate a
cemetery
Gettysburg Address
A cause of the “Dust Bowl” was _______________________drought (lack of rain)
The goal of Lincoln’s presidency was to
______________________preserve the Union
The practice of commercialism based on the buildup of gold
or silver bullion
Mercantilism
Teddy Roosevelt and
the _____________led the charge up San Juan Hill during Spanish
American War
Rough Riders
Period of reform in the 1800s that saw the beginnings of the
prohibition movement, suffrage, muckrakers and
economic reform
Progressive Era
_______________
journalism exaggerates stories to attract readers to the
newspapers
Yellow
Young women who showed disdain for appropriate dress and behavior
during the 1920’s
Flappers
Law requiring appropriate imprisonment
Suspended by
Lincoln during Civil War
Habeas Corpus
This Alabama city grew up around the
iron and steel industry
Birmingham, AL
This Alabama city is noted for its shipping industry
Mobile, AL
Concentration camp during WWII when Hitler was killing Jews
(during Holocaust)
Auschwitz
Court case
Sued Vanderbilt for using waterways where there was a
monopoly
Vanderbilt won in Supreme Court (New York)
_____________killed Alexander Hamilton in a
duel
Aaron Burr
Court case:
Gave Congress the power to create a bank and stated
Maryland had no power to tax it
Dressed as a black man in minstrel shows
Jim Crow
This gave 160 acres of land to those who would settle it for 5
years and improve it
Homestead Act
Rich American from Scotland
who gave money to
create libraries and
colleges
Andrew Carnegie
At one time ___________________
was the richest man in America who made his money from the shipping
industry.
Cornelius Vanderbilt