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How can we tell what

the weather will be?

Lesson 1

The Atmosphere and Weather

Lesson 2

Clouds and Precipitation

Lesson 3

Severe Storms

Lesson 4

Climate

Chapter 7 Menu

insolation

troposphere

weather

air pressure

humidity

global wind

barometer

Lesson 1 Splash

How does the Sun warm Earth? 180° sunlight

150° sunlight

120° sunlight

90° sunlight

Lesson 1 a

What are the layers of the atmosphere?

thermosphere

mesosphere

stratosphere

troposphere

Lesson 1 b

What changes air pressure?

• volume

• temperature

• height above Earth’s surface

• amount of water vapor

lower air pressure at top of mountain

higher air pressure at sea level

Lesson 1 c

What are global winds?

polar easterlies

prevailing westerlies

trade winds

prevailing westerlies

polar easterlies

heated air

cooled air

wind

Key

Lesson 1 d

trade winds

What are local winds?

sea breeze day

land breeze day

Key

warm air

cold air

Lesson 1 e

How do we measure air pressure and wind?

aneroid barometer

anemometer

Lesson 1 f

What causes winds?

Main Idea

Heat energy from the Sun causes changes in

air pressure. High-pressure air moves toward

low-pressure air. The moving air is wind.

Lesson 1 Main Idea Review

The condition of the troposphere at a particular

time and place is called ____________.

____________ is the force put on a given area

by the weight of the air above it.

____________ is the solar energy that reaches

a planet.

insolation

Vocabulary

air pressure weather

Air pressure

Insolation

Lesson 1 Vocab Review a

____________ blow steadily over long distances

in a predictable direction.

____________ is the amount of water vapor in air.

The ____________ is the layer of gases closest to

Earth’s surface.

A ____________ measures atmospheric pressure.

global winds

Vocabulary

barometer troposphere

Humidity

Global winds

humidity

Lesson 1 Vocab Review b

How does the heat energy over

an area at the equator compare

to an area at the poles?

Heat energy is

spread over a

greater area at

the poles.

Heat energy

strikes Earth

more directly at

the equator.

Compare and

Contrast

End of Lesson

The Sun

creates

heat energy.

Lesson 1 GO Review

Lesson 1 Vocab a

Lesson 1 Vocab b

Lesson 1 Vocab c

Lesson 1 Vocab d

Lesson 1 Vocab e

Lesson 1 Vocab f

Lesson 1 Vocab g

front

weather map

air mass

Lesson 2 Splash

stratus clouds

cumulus clouds

cirrus clouds

How do clouds form?

Lesson 2 a

Clouds form when water vapor in the air cools

and condenses around tiny particles of dust

How does precipitation form?

rain sleet hail snow

Lesson 2 b

What are air masses and fronts?

cT

mT

cP

mP maritime polar cool, moist air

continental polar cold, dry air

maritime tropical warm, moist air

continental tropical hot, dry air

Lesson 2 c

What are highs and lows?

Low-pressure Systems

warmer, humid air

High-pressure Systems

colder, drier air

Lesson 2 d

What do weather maps tell you?

A weather map shows the weather

in a specific area at a specific time.

Lesson 2 e

What can water vapor form?

Main Idea

Water vapor can form clouds,

fog, rain, hail, sleet, or snow.

Lesson 2 Main Idea Review

An _____________ is a large region of air

that has a similar temperature and humidity.

A _____________ shows the weather in a

specific area at a specific time.

A _____________ is the meeting place

between two different large air masses.

air mass

Vocabulary

weather map front

Lesson 2 Vocab Review

What type of cloud is

a blanket-like layer of

low-altitude clouds?

This is a

stratus cloud.

blanket-like layer

at low altitude

Draw Conclusions

End of Lesson

Lesson 2 GO Review

Lesson 2 Vocab a

Lesson 2 Vocab b

Lesson 2 Vocab c

Lesson 2 Vocab d

Lesson 2 Vocab e

thunderstorm

blizzard

tornado

hurricane

storm surge

cyclone

Lesson 3 Splash

What are thunderstorms?

A thunderstorm is a

rainstorm that includes

lightning and thunder.

1

3

2

3

2

1 Fronts

Thunderheads

Precipitation

Lesson 3 a

What are winter storms?

Lesson 3 b

In the United States, a blizzard is a snowstorm with 35-

mile-per-hour winds and enough snowfall that you can

only see up to one quarter of a mile.

What are tornados?

A tornado is a rotating, funnel-shaped

cloud with wind speed up to 500

kilometers (300 miles) per hour.

Lesson 3 c

What are hurricanes?

A hurricane is a very large, swirling storm

with very low pressure at the center, and

wind speeds greater than 119 km/h.

Lesson 3 d

airplane

Doppler radar How are storms tracked?

weather balloons

Lesson 3 e

What causes storms?

Main Idea

Storms are caused by the

collision of air masses that

have different characteristics.

Lesson 3 Main Idea Review

A ____________ is a snowstorm with 35-mile-per-

hour winds and enough snowfall that you can only

see up to one quarter of a mile.

Hurricane winds can cause waves to form a bulge

of water in the ocean known as a ____________.

A ____________ is any storm with a low-pressure

center that causes a circular pattern of winds to

form.

blizzard

Vocabulary

storm surge cyclone

Lesson 3 Vocab Review a

A ____________ is a tropical storm that has wind

speeds that reach more than 119 kilometers (74

miles) per hour.

A ____________ is a rainstorm that includes

lightning and thunder.

A ____________ is a rotating, funnel-shaped cloud

with wind speeds up to 500 kilometers (300 miles)

per hour.

tornado

Vocabulary

hurricane thunderstorm

Lesson 3 Vocab Review b

warm water

evaporates

Cause and

Effect

End of Lesson

warm, moist

air rises

warm, moist

air rises

cooler air flows

toward the space

where warm air was

The air begins

to rotate and

forms wind.

Wind speed increases

to more than 74 miles

per hour.

What causes

a hurricane

to form?

Lesson 3 GO Review

Lesson 3 Vocab a

Lesson 3 Vocab b

Lesson 3 Vocab c

Lesson 3 Vocab d

Lesson 3 Vocab e

Lesson 3 Vocab f

climate

current

rain shadow

El Niño

Lesson 4 Splash

What is climate?

Climate means the average

weather of a place.

Lesson 4 a

What affects climate? • distance from water

• ocean currents

• winds

• altitude

• mountain ranges

Lesson 4 b

What is El Niño?

normal conditions El Niño conditions La Niña conditions

El Niño occurs every two to seven years

when the cold current sinks and stops

pushing cold water up to the surface.

Lesson 4 c

How is climate determined?

Main Idea

Climate is determined by looking at the

average weather patterns in an area or

the type of plant growth in an area.

Lesson 4 Main Idea Review

Every two to seven years, the cold current sinks

and stops pushing cold water up to the surface

causing a change in weather conditions known

as ____________.

____________ is the average weather of a place.

A ____________ is a constant movement of ocean

water.

A ____________ is the dry area on the leeward

side of the moutain.

climate

Vocabulary

El Niño

Climate

current rain shadow

Lesson 4 Vocab Review

dry weather in

South America

Classify

End of Lesson

air pressure increases

in the western Pacific

If data showed the cold current

along the coast of Peru moved

closer to the surface, which

weather condition is happening?

Weather Weather Condition

wet weather in

Australia

air pressure decreases

in the eastern Pacific

Lesson 4 GO Review

Lesson 4 Vocab a

Lesson 4 Vocab b

Lesson 4 Vocab c

Lesson 4 Vocab d

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