how is our climate changing? · factors affecting climate the sun is the key driver for our climate...
Post on 28-Jul-2020
1 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
SHAPING OUR FUTURE: THE CLIMATE CHALLENGE KS3 LESSON 1 – PRESENTATION
HOW IS OUR CLIMATE CHANGING?
CLIMATE CHANGE IS HAPPENING RIGHT NOW!
CLICK TO PLAYVideo opens in YouTube
1
What is the difference between the two?
WEATHER
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
is the day to day localised conditions, which have great variability (especially here in the UK).
2
What is the difference between the two?
WEATHER CLIMATEis the day to day localised conditions, which have great variability (especially here in the UK).
is the long-term weather patterns for an area.
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
2
What is climate change?Throughout the history of the Earth, our climate has varied due to natural processes. However, in the last 150 years, our climate has begun to warm rapidly due to human activities.
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
3
What is climate change?Throughout the history of the Earth, our climate has varied due to natural processes. However, in the last 150 years, our climate has begun to warm rapidly due to human activities.
This is known as climate change.
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
3
What is climate change?Throughout the history of the Earth, our climate has varied due to natural processes. However, in the last 150 years, our climate has begun to warm rapidly due to human activities.
This is known as climate change. Currently, our climate is warming at a rate faster than ecosystems can adapt.
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
3
CLICK TO PLAYVideo opens in YouTube
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE?
4
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATEThe sun is the key driver for our climate
5
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATEThe sun is the key driver for our climate
When sunlight hits the Earth’s atmosphere, the sun’s radiation energy is partly:
• Absorbed by the atmosphere
5
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATEThe sun is the key driver for our climate
When sunlight hits the Earth’s atmosphere, the sun’s radiation energy is partly:
• Absorbed by the atmosphere
•Reflectedbacktospacebyatmosphericparticles,cloudsandreflectivepartsoftheEarth’ssurfacee.g.iceandsnow
5
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATEThe sun is the key driver for our climate
When sunlight hits the Earth’s atmosphere, the sun’s radiation energy is partly:
• Absorbed by the atmosphere
•Reflectedbacktospacebyatmosphericparticles,cloudsandreflectivepartsoftheEarth’ssurfacee.g.iceandsnow
• Absorbed at the Earth’s surface
5
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATEThe sun is the key driver for our climate
When sunlight hits the Earth’s atmosphere, the sun’s radiation energy is partly:
• Absorbed by the atmosphere
•Reflectedbacktospacebyatmosphericparticles,cloudsandreflectivepartsoftheEarth’ssurfacee.g.iceandsnow
• Absorbed at the Earth’s surface
The resulting transfer of this heat energy is responsible for changes in the Earth’s climate.
5
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATELocal climate varies due to the following influences:
• latitude
6
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATELocal climate varies due to the following influences:
• latitude
• location, relative to continents and oceans
6
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATELocal climate varies due to the following influences:
• latitude
• location, relative to continents and oceans
• situation in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns
6
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATELocal climate varies due to the following influences:
• latitude
• location, relative to continents and oceans
• situation in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns
• altitude
6
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATELocal climate varies due to the following influences:
• latitude
• location, relative to continents and oceans
• situation in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns
• altitude
• local geographical features
6
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATELocal climate varies due to the following influences:
• latitude
• location, relative to continents and oceans
• situation in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns
• altitude
• local geographical features
Theseinfluencescaneitheramplifyorreducethedirectimpact of climate change depending on where you live.
6
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Mor
egr
eenh
ouse
ga
ses
SUNSolar radiation
Less heatescapes into space
Re-radiatedheat
Morere-emitted
heat
CO 2 CH4
N2O
Atm
osph
ere
Gre
enho
use
gase
sSUN
Solar radiation
More heatescapes into space
Re-radiatedheat
Lessre-emitted
heat
CO2
CH4 N2O
NATURALGREENHOUSE EFFECT
7
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Mor
egr
eenh
ouse
ga
ses
SUNSolar radiation
Less heatescapes into space
Re-radiatedheat
Morere-emitted
heat
CO 2 CH4
N2O
Atm
osph
ere
Gre
enho
use
gase
sSUN
Solar radiation
More heatescapes into space
Re-radiatedheat
Lessre-emitted
heat
CO2
CH4 N2O
NATURALGREENHOUSE EFFECT
INCREASED GLOBAL WARMINGCAUSED BY HUMAN ACTIVITY
7
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINS
Click a gas to explore further 8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSWater vapour (H2O)• Biggest contributor to the ‘naturalgreenhouseeffect’andvariesthemost in the atmosphere.
© AD
AM O
SWELL / W
WF-G
REATER MEKO
NG
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSWater vapour (H2O)• Biggest contributor to the ‘naturalgreenhouseeffect’andvariesthemost in the atmosphere.
• Human activities have little impacton the level of water vapour in theatmosphere. ©
ADAM
OSW
ELL / WW
F-GREATER M
EKON
G
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSMethane (CH4)• Naturally generated during
decomposition of organic matter.It is also produced by animals andreleased by natural gas deposits.
© AD
AM O
SWELL / W
WF-G
REATER MEKO
NG
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSMethane (CH4)• Naturally generated during
decomposition of organic matter.It is also produced by animals andreleased by natural gas deposits.
• Human activities like dairy andbeef cattle farming, burning offossil fuels and drilling for naturalgassignificantlyaddtothelevelofmethane in the atmosphere.
© AD
AM O
SWELL / W
WF-G
REATER MEKO
NG
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSNitrous oxide (NO2)• Makes up a tiny percentage of the
total greenhouse gas content of ouratmosphere compared to CO2.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSNitrous oxide (NO2)• Makes up a tiny percentage of the
total greenhouse gas content of ouratmosphere compared to CO2.
• Mainly produced by human activitiessuch as burning fossil fuels andwood, sewage treatment and thewidespread use of nitrogen-basedfertilisers.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSES GASE AND THEIR ORIGINSCarbon dioxide (CO2)• Probably the most important of the
greenhouse gases as it accounts forthe largest proportion of the ‘tracegases’ (a trace gas is a gas whichmakes up less than 1% by volume ofthe Earth’s atmosphere).
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSCarbon dioxide (CO2)• Probably the most important of the
greenhouse gases as it accounts forthe largest proportion of the ‘tracegases’ (a trace gas is a gas whichmakes up less than 1% by volume ofthe Earth’s atmosphere).
• Carbon dioxide is the gasresponsible for around 76% ofglobal greenhouse gas emissions.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSCarbon dioxide (CO2)• It can be removed from the
atmosphere through planting treesand reforestation.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSCarbon dioxide (CO2)• It can be removed from the
atmosphere through planting treesand reforestation.
• Produced by the natural processesof respiration (breathing) and decay,but without human activity thisoutput would be balanced by natureand reabsorbed by trees and theoceans.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSCarbon dioxide (CO2)• Most human activity results in the
release of carbon dioxide - especiallyburning fossil fuels, deforestation,heating our homes and runningour cars.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSThe ‘F’ gases
These gases contribute directly toclimate change. They include:
•Hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs)–foundin air conditioners and fridges.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSThe ‘F’ gases
These gases contribute directly toclimate change. They include:
•Hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs)–foundin air conditioners and fridges.
•Perfluorocarbons(PFCs)–usedbythe electronics and pharmaceuticalindustries.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSThe ‘F’ gases
These gases contribute directly toclimate change. They include:
•Hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs)–foundin air conditioners and fridges.
•Perfluorocarbons(PFCs)–usedbythe electronics and pharmaceuticalindustries.
Human activities cause the ‘F’ gases tobe released into the atmosphere.
© G
LOBAL W
ARMIN
G IM
AGES / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSSulphur dioxide (SO2)
• All human activities that involvethe burning of fossil fuels releasesulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
© N
ATUREPL.CO
M / BRYAN
AND
CHERRY ALEXAN
DER / W
WF
8
GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR ORIGINSSulphur dioxide (SO2)
• All human activities that involvethe burning of fossil fuels releasesulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
• It is also produced naturallyby volcanoes. ©
NATU
REPL.COM
/ BRYAN AN
D CH
ERRY ALEXAND
ER / WW
F
8
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE The main climate change indicator is temperature.
There are four main records of global temperature at the Earth’s surface:
9
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE The main climate change indicator is temperature.
There are four main records of global temperature at the Earth’s surface:
UKMetOffice
9
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE The main climate change indicator is temperature.
There are four main records of global temperature at the Earth’s surface:
UEA Climatic Research Unit
(CRU)
UKMetOffice
9
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE The main climate change indicator is temperature.
There are four main records of global temperature at the Earth’s surface:
UEA Climatic Research Unit
(CRU)
UKMetOffice NASA
9
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE The main climate change indicator is temperature.
There are four main records of global temperature at the Earth’s surface:
US National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA)
UEA Climatic Research Unit
(CRU)
UKMetOffice NASA
9
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE Temperature data from across the globe is combined in order to monitor climate change and trends:
© AU
DRA M
ELTON
/ WW
F-US
10
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE Temperature data from across the globe is combined in order to monitor climate change and trends:
• measurements taken at over 5,000 land-based weather stations, over 1,200 free-floatingbuoys,aswellasfromships.
© AU
DRA M
ELTON
/ WW
F-US
10
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE Temperature data from across the globe is combined in order to monitor climate change and trends:
• measurements taken at over 5,000 land-based weather stations, over 1,200 free-floatingbuoys,aswellasfromships.
• satellites measure temperature changes in the lower atmosphere (troposphere).
© AU
DRA M
ELTON
/ WW
F-US
10
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE ©
WIM
VAN PASSEL / W
WF
Other measures of climate change include:
• sea level rises
11
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE ©
WIM
VAN PASSEL / W
WF
Other measures of climate change include:
• sea level rises
• retreat of Arctic sea ice
11
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE ©
WIM
VAN PASSEL / W
WF
Other measures of climate change include:
• sea level rises
• retreat of Arctic sea ice
• shifts in rainfall patterns consistent with those expected in a warming world
11
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE ©
WIM
VAN PASSEL / W
WF
Other measures of climate change include:
• sea level rises
• retreat of Arctic sea ice
• shifts in rainfall patterns consistent with those expected in a warming world
• increases in atmospheric humidity in the lower atmosphere
11
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE ©
WIM
VAN PASSEL / W
WF
Other measures of climate change include:
• sea level rises
• retreat of Arctic sea ice
• shifts in rainfall patterns consistent with those expected in a warming world
• increases in atmospheric humidity in the lower atmosphere
• increases in the number of incidences of extreme weather, such as heavy rainstorms and heatwaves.
11
MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE
Allofthesedifferentmeasurements have helped to provide evidence that the Earth’s climate is warming.
12
In groups, you will be investigating the evidence for climate change from the Ice Age to the present day. Use the resources provided to explore extreme weather, changingsealevels,andhowdifferentpartsoftheworldare impacted by these changes.
BE A CLIMATE CHANGE EXPLORER
13
CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTS US ALL
CLICK TO PLAYVideo opens in YouTube
14
© 1986 panda symbol and ® “WWF” Registered Trademark of WWF. WWF-UK registered charity (1081247) and in Scotland (SC039593). A company limited by guarantee (4016725)
top related