how to conduct a literature review - obs/gyn residents

Robin Featherstone, MLISLiaison Librarian (Medicine)Life Sciences LibrarySlides: http://www.slideshare.net/featherr

How to conduct a lit review: Obs/Gyn Residents 2012

How to conduct a lit review: Obs/Gyn Residents 2012

One thing you knowOne thing you know

One thing you want to knowOne thing you want to know

ObjectivesObjectives

By the end of this session, you will know: 1.How to construct a explicit, comprehensive, reproducible search in PubMed2.How to start a RefWorks account for organizing your references

Where to begin?Where to begin?

At least I’m not responsible for a lit review

At least I’m not responsible for a lit review

Develop a Research Question

Why do you need one?Why do you need one?

You’re writing a research paper on intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for treating recurrent miscarriage

Think of a research question related to this topic...

ScenarioScenario

Relevancy

Retrieval(# of search results)

Broad Questions

Narrow Questions

High = lots of articles

Low = very few articles

High = directly relevant articles

Low = mostly irrelevant articles

How questions influence search resultsHow questions influence search results

Broad:• What causes recurrent miscarriage? What are current

treatments for recurrent miscarriage?

Narrow:• For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG

increase the live birth rate?

Very Narrow:• For African Canadian women above the age of 35 with

unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate compared with antibiotic prophylaxis?

Possible QuestionsPossible Questions

Narrow:• For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG

increase the live birth rate?

What kind of question is this?What kind of question is this?

Background questions

Novice Expert

Foregroundquestions

Decide where to searchDecide where to search

Before you start searching…Before you start searching…

Slow down before you speed up

A quick demo…

… of why you need a strategy…

… and why you should always check Search Details

Break your question into concepts

For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?

For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?

Find the subject headings for your concepts

For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?

What is MeSH?

Find MeSH Using a Target ArticleFind MeSH Using a Target Article

1. Hum Reprod Update. 1999 Sep-Oct;5(5):475-82.

Critical analysis of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for recurrentmiscarriage.

Daya S, Gunby J, Porter F, Scott J, Clark DA.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. dayas@fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca

PMID: 10582784 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Find the subject headings for your concepts

For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?

Concept MeSH

recurrent miscarriage Abortion, Habitual

IVIG Immunoglobulins, Intravenous

live birth rate Pregnancy Rate ✖Pregnancy Outcome ✔

Abortion, HabitualAbortion, Habitual

Pregnancy OutcomePregnancy Outcome

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Abortions, habitual

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Abortions, habitual OR Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Abortions, habitual

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Abortions, habitual AND Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Abortions, habitual

Abortions, habitual

Pregnancy OutcomePregnancy Outcome

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

How do you combine these three concepts to answer the question: For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the live birth rate?

Abortions, habitual AND Immunoglobulins, intravenous AND Pregnancy Outcome

Abortions, habitual

Abortions, habitual

Pregnancy OutcomePregnancy Outcome

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

What if I combined with OR?

Abortions, habitual OR Immunoglobulins, intravenous OR Pregnancy Outcome

AND AND

MeSHAbortions, habitual Immunoglobulins,

intravenous Pregnancy Outcome

Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3

Search strategy: For women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, does IVIG increase the

live birth rate?

Why? Because you want to:1.Include citations for new publications that don’t have subject headings2.Include relevant citations that may have different subject headings3.Create a search strategy you can use in other databases/search engines

• text words are universally accepted• MeSH only works in PubMed

Next: Identify Text WordsNext: Identify Text Words

Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3

MeSH

TextWords

Search StrategySearch Strategy

AND AND

ORAbortion, Habitual Immunoglobulins,

Intravenous Pregnancy Outcome

ORhabitual abortion intravenous

immunoglobulinspregnancy outcome

ORrecurrent miscarriage IVIG live birth

ORrecurrent abortion still birth

Abortions, habitual

Immunoglobulins, intravenous

Abortions, habitual OR Immunoglobulins, intravenous

✗

habitual abortion OR recurrent miscarriage OR recurrent abortion

habitual abortionhabitual abortion

recurrent abortionrecurrent abortion

recurrent miscarriage✓

Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3

MeSH

TextWords

Search StrategySearch Strategy

AND AND

ORAbortion, Habitual Immunoglobulins,

Intravenous Pregnancy Outcome

ORhabitual abortion intravenous

immunoglobulinspregnancy outcome

ORrecurrent miscarriage IVIG live birth

ORrecurrent abortion still birth

What’s missing??

Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3

MeSH

TextWords

Search StrategySearch Strategy

AND AND

ORAbortion, Habitual Immunoglobulins,

Intravenous Pregnancy Outcome

OR

“habitual abortion” OR “habitual abortions”

“intravenous immunoglobulins” OR “intravenous immunoglobulin”

“pregnancy outcome” OR “pregnancy outcomes”

OR

“recurrent miscarriage” OR “recurrent miscarriages”

IVIG OR IVIGs “live birth” OR “live births”

OR

“recurrent abortion” OR “recurrent abortions”

“still birth” OR “still births”

Run the search

• Start with your first concept– Search for the subject headings first– Then search text words– Combine these synonymous searches with OR

using your search history

• Repeat for your second, third, and subsequent concepts

• Finally, combine large search results set with AND

How to SearchHow to Search

Search #2 =

Search #3 =

Search #4 =

Search #5 = #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4

Search #1 =

Concept 1

Search #6 =

Search #7 =

Search #8 =

Search #9 =

Concept 2

Search #10 = #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9

Search #11 = #5 AND #10

Results

How to SearchHow to Search

PubMed Advanced Search BuilderPubMed Advanced Search Builder

((((((("abortion, habitual"[MeSH Terms])) OR (("habitual abortion"[Title/Abstract]) OR "habitual abortions"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("recurrent miscarriage"[Title/Abstract]) OR "recurrent miscarriages"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("recurrent abortion"[Title/Abstract]) OR "recurrent abortions"[Title/Abstract]))) AND (((("immunoglobulins, intravenous"[MeSH Terms])) OR (("intravenous immunoglobulins"[Title/Abstract]) OR "intravenous immunoglobulin"[Title/Abstract])) OR ((IVIG[Title/Abstract]) OR IVIGs[Title/Abstract]))) AND ((((("pregnancy outcome"[MeSH Terms])) OR (("pregnancy outcome"[Title/Abstract]) OR "pregnancy outcomes"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("live birth"[Title/Abstract]) OR "live births"[Title/Abstract])) OR (("still birth"[Title/Abstract]) OR "still births"[Title/Abstract]))

PubMed Search StrategyPubMed Search Strategy

Break – 10 mins

Applying filters

1. Date of publication – only studies conducted between 2002 and 2012

2. Species– only humans

3. Publication language – only materials written in English or French

4. Publication type– only RCTs

Example FiltersExample Filters

Export References to a Citation Manager

Available to McGill students, faculty, staff.

Available to McGill students, faculty, staff.

Information and workshops:http://www.mcgill.ca/library/library-using/citationsoftware

Why should you use a citation manager?

Why should you use a citation manager?

What they do:– Identify and remove duplicate references– Format your bibliography– Organize references into folders– Share your references with colleagues

Citation ManagersCitation Managers

1. A quality literature review is _____2. Combine synonymous searches with ______3. To find subject headings, use ______4. To run a search in PubMed, use ______5. To import PubMed citations into RefWorks, use the ______

RecapRecap

Where to go for HelpWhere to go for Help

Robin Featherstone

Liaison Librarian Life Sciences Library,

McGill University

514-398-4475 ext. 09844robin.featherstone@mcgill.ca

Irina Iavorskaia

LibrarianWomen’s Pavilion Library

Royal Victoria Hospital

514-934-1934 ext 34738irina.iavorskaia@muhc.mcgill.ca

Robin Featherstone, MLISLiaison Librarian (Medicine)robin.featherstone@mcgill.ca

QuestionsQuestions

Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/featherr