iaea activities in support of nuclear physics research and ... · - crps - coordinated research...

IAEA activities in support of nuclear

physics research and applications

Danas Ridikas

Physics Section

Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences

Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications physics@iaea.org

Outline

• IAEA in a few words

• Instruments and modalities to

serve the Member States

• Selected examples

• Future plans

physics@iaea.org 2

After 60+ years…

171 Member States (as of Feb. 2019)

2500+staff

from

over 100 countries

• HQs in Vienna

• Laboratories in Seibersdorf

and Monaco + Vienna

• Regional offices in Toronto

and Tokyo.

• Liaison offices in New York

and Geneva

physics@iaea.org 3

The IAEA: Atoms for Peace and Development

Statute: The Agency shall seek to accelerate and

enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace,

health and prosperity throughout the world.

Mission: To assist its Member States, in the

context of social and economic goals, in planning

for and using nuclear science and technology

for various peaceful purposes.

2005 : Nobel Peace Prize

physics@iaea.org 4

Three Pillars - Main Areas of Activity

Safeguards

&

Verification

Safety

&

Security

Science

&

Technology

physics@iaea.org 5

Food & Agriculture Human Health Science & Industry

Promoting food security and

sustainable agricultural

development

Improving the diagnosis and

treatment of diseases and

nutrition

Providing knowledge &

expertise for science &

industry

Making more, and cleaner

water available to more

people

Understanding and protecting

the environment

Water Resources Environment

Science and Technology

physics@iaea.org 6

12 dedicated laboratories

Food & Agriculture

Human Health

Nuclear Science

Environment

Seibersdorf

8 Labs

Sterile Insect Technique

Plant Breeding

Vienna

1 Lab

Water Resources

Isotope Hydrology

Radioecology

Monaco

3 Labs

EnvironmentThe only marine environment

laboratories in the UN system

physics@iaea.org 7

Serving Member States

Applied R&D

RB PROGRAMME

• NA laboratories (12)

• Collaborating Centres (>30)

• Coordinated Research Projects (~100)

Valid

ati

on

Technology Transfer

TC PROGRAMME

• >140 developing Member States

• ~ €100 million support

Provision of Services

• Dosimetry

• Diagnostic kits

• Peer reviews

• Reference materials

• Proficiency tests

• …

Education & Training

• Guidelines; curriculum

• E-learning materials

• >400 trainees per year at NA labs

physics@iaea.org 8

The IAEA's mission is guided by the interests and needs of its Member States

- Consultancy Meetings: 5-10 experts are invited by the IAEA to provide specialized advice and

recommendations on particular scientific or other aspects of relevance for the IAEA's programmes and

activities.

- Technical Meetings/Workshops: technical events with 30-40 participants, aiming at enhancing interaction

among experts, share knowledge and expertise, establish scientific collaborations and create topical

networks

- CRPs - Coordinated Research Projects: Networks of 10-15 research institutes from developed and

developing countries that work in coordination for 3-5 years to acquire and disseminate new

knowledge/technology. Periodic meetings are organized to report progress and plan future activities.

- Training Workshops, Courses and dedicated Schools: Enabling participants to acquire specific knowledge –

theoretical or practical or both – on a given subject of interest. Organized at IAEA laboratories, ICTP Trieste,

or at labs in various member states

- Publications of technical documents and guides: CRPs and Technical Meetings often lead to publication of

reported results, shared good practices and lessons learned, often in the form of guidelines

- National, regional, interregional TC projects: building capacity through Expert Missions, Training of

personnel, purchase of equipment, assistance in establishing new facilities, …

physics@iaea.org 9

Main available instruments and modalities

Technical Cooperation (TC) Programme

• Aims to support sustainable socioeconomic development in Member States and regions

• Facilitates capacity building, knowledge transfer, for peaceful uses of nuclear technology

• Mechanism for delivering IAEA assistance directly to Member States, individually or regionally

Technical Cooperation (TC) Projects

Expert assistance

Training fellowships &

scientific visits

Conferences, symposia & seminars

Equipment & materials

Training courses & workshops

physics@iaea.org 10

Where does IAEA TC Work? (2018)

LATIN AMERICA and CARIBBEAN

EUROPEASIA and PACIFIC

AFRICA

Countries/territories receiving support: 146

Expert and lecturer assignments: 3640

Fellowships and scientific visits: 1816

Regional and interregional training courses:

3282 participants attending 196 events

Active Projects: 1016

physics@iaea.org 11

TC Projects by Programme Area, 2018

In 2018, ~ € 78 million TC Fund, ~ € 17 million Extrabudgetary Contributions, plus Member State funding (varying %)

Energy7.8%

Food and agriculture

20.3%

Health and nutrition27.7%

Industrial applications/

radiation technology

5.6%

Nuclear knowledge

development and management

11.6%

Safety and security20.9%

Water and the environment

6.2%

physics@iaea.org 12

Fusion(incl. coop. with ITER)

Research Reactors

(Applications)

Accelerators Instrumentation

Physics Section: main technical areas

physics@iaea.org 13

Physics Section: a few numbers

• Staff: 21 positions, 11@HQs & 10@Seibersdorf; plus consultants, interns, fellows; ~25-30 in total

• Budget: ~4M Euros RB under 3 sub-programmes; plus similar amount implemented under TC

• TC projects: >50 active in >50 Member States

• Meetings/Workshops/Schools: >40/year

• Coordinated Research Projects: 11 active/new

• Data bases/portals (3): accelerators, RRs, fusion

• Major Conferences (3): Accelerators, RRs, Fusion

• Collaborating Centers (3): ANSTO, TU Delft, CNEA

• Cooperation agreements (3): ITER, ELETTRA, RBI

• Events in cooperation: >8/year

physics@iaea.org 14

Accelerator Knowledge Portal ➢ 3135 visitors/users in 2018

➢ Total: ~1700 accelerator-based facilities

➢ New entries: 1270 medical cyclotrons & 91 AMS

➢ Planned to add proton/hadron therapy facilities

➢ Includes case studies with Ion and Neutron Beam techniques

E.g. managing data bases and thematic portals1) Accelerators: https://nucleus.iaea.org/sites/accelerators/

2) Research reactors: https://nucleus.iaea.org/RRDB/

3) Fusion: https://nucleus.iaea.org/sites/fusionportal/

physics@iaea.org 15

E.g.: IAEA publications (2018)

physics@iaea.org 16

E.g.: development of e-learning tools

physics@iaea.org 17

Available at:

elearning.iaea.org

E.g. IAEA – NuPECC Task Force Consultancy Meeting

Feb. 26, 2019 @ IAEA Head Quarters

Agreed on main areas of cooperation:• Exchange of information• Joint targeted activities• Capacity building• Outreach

→ Since this week the IAEA has become a permanent observer of NuPECC!

physics@iaea.org 18

E.g. Organization of Technical Meetings/Workshops

physics@iaea.org 19

Promising applications

• Radioisotopes from beam-dumps (RI harvesting)

• Next generation semiconductors (doping)

• Magnetic behavior in materials using hyperfine RIB-

based techniques

• …

→ Prepare an IAEA TECDOC on RIB applications

Recent past:

Applications of Radioactive Ion Beams

10 – 14 Dec. 2018, IAEA, Vienna

28 participants, almost all RIB facilities represented

New:

Non-destructive Testing Using Muon Radiography:

Present Status and Emerging Applications

9-12 September 2019; IAEA, Vienna

Courtesy to: Andrea Giammanco

E.g. Organization of Training Events

physics@iaea.org 20

E.g.: Organization of main Conferences

physics@iaea.org 21

E.g.: Support of events in cooperation

physics@iaea.org 22

• IAEA-ELETTRA joint XRF beamlineo Dedicated beam-time for users; >20 research groups from >18 MSs

o Recent improvements of the beam line and end-station

o UHVC ‘Mirror Facility’ for training commissioned at NSIL Seibersdorf

o TR workshop at Jordan, with remote connection to ELETTRA in 2018

• IAEA-RBI agreement o New He ion source for dual-beam capability commissioned (fusion research)

o TR workshop, with hands-on-training using various ion beam techniques

o 20 days of the beam time available for the developing countries

E.g. Facilitated access to state of the art accelerator facilities

physics@iaea.org 23

Goals:

• Established host facilities per region: 2-3

• Experiments/new user groups per year: ~20

• Self-reliance of the network: in 4 years

➢ Materials Science: thin films analysis, materials modification,

implantation

➢ Environmental monitoring: airborne particulate matter, water

➢ Biology: Elemental distribution/ speciation on plant organ , complex

molecules mass spectrometry – fats, sugars etc (MeV SIMS),

radiation effects on cells, plant irradiation?

➢ Cultural Heritage –elemental analysis of paints, archaeological

samples

➢ Semiconductor/solar cell testing – efficiency and radiation hardness

➢ Chemical effects – WDS PIXE

• PIXE/PIGE

• μ-PIXE

• RBS,

Channelling

• NRA

• (ToF)-ERDA,

• MeV SIMS,

• ….

• AMS

E.g. New CRP on

Facilitating Experiments with Ion Beam Accelerators

physics@iaea.org 24

E.g. Direct support to accelerator laboratories through TC projects

• Feasibility studies

• Technical support in setting up dedicated facilities,

beamlines and end stations

• Technical assistance in maintenance and upgrades

• Technical assistance in equipment procurement

• Training of personnel

• Utilization plans

• Algeria

• Bangladesh

• Croatia

• Ghana

• Lebanon

• Mexico

• Nigeria

• Slovakia

• South Africa

• Syria

• Thailand

• Uzbekistan

Accelerator

facility in Lebanon

physics@iaea.org 25

Accelerator

facility in Bangladesh

E.g. Specific support to Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Science and Applications

in the Middle East - SESAME (Inaugurated in May 16, 2017 in Jordan)

The IAEA has provided extensive support to train staff at

SESAME to safely commission and run the facility:

• Training of 66 technical and scientific fellows in beamline

technologies,

• Arranged over 30 expert missions to SESAME to help build

capacity in the installation and testing of equipment.

• Facilitated the networking of SESAME staff with experts

from other synchrotron facilities in Europe, the USA and

Japan.

• Procurement of safety/radioprotection equipment physics@iaea.org 26

E.g. Support to Jamaica Research Reactor

20 kW SLOWPOKE-2 RR in operation for 30 years with main usage for education, training, and neutron activation analysis

• IAEA assisted in– Core conversion from HEU to LEU – Safety analysis review– Environmental assessment– Safeguards activities– Other specific reviews and training services

• Doubling of utilization capacity and plans to extend application areas to food safety and security, water and air quality, offering dosimetry services, some regional initiatives

• Follow up support provided – Replacement of the analogue I&C system with a digital I&C – Review of strategic plan– Participation in NAA proficiency testing– Development of training materials

physics@iaea.org 27

E.g. Support to Fukushima Prefecture (Japan)

physics@iaea.org 28

Developed/adapted hardware/software Developed/adapted methodology

Field measurements ongoing with different dose levels

E.g. Worldwide Open Proficiency Tests for Nuclear

and Related Analytical Techniques LaboratoriesOrganized twice a year in support IAEA Member States laboratories to:• identify analytical problems• improve the quality of their analytical results• acquire / maintain their accreditation • provide a regular forum for discussion and technology transfer in this area• In 2018: >100 analytical laboratories participated, representing >60 countries

physics@iaea.org 29

Scheme of the proficiency test:• Provision of various samples at no cost• Full anonymity of laboratories is granted• Issue of final reports

More info: http://www.pt-nsil.com/

Nuclear Science and Instrumentation Laboratory

NSIL/Physics @Seibersdorf

Mission: Assisting Member States in introducing and extending the use of nuclear instrumentation and radiation measurement techniques, including related capacity building

Support toMember States in

Four Key Areas

Nuclear Instrumentation

Enhanced capabilities and applications of nuclear

instrumentation for various measurements, monitoring

and diagnostic purposes

Nuclear SpectrometryEnhanced usage of versatile,

high precision, non-destructive, low cost analytical techniques for characterization

of materials and objects.

Access to accelerator facilitiesThrough bilateral agreements

and Coordinated Research Projects, targeting MSs without

such capabilities.

In situ portable techniques

Portable instruments with high level of analytical performance

for natural and man-made radioactivity determination.

nsil@iaea.org 30

Future developments at NSIL/Physics

NSIL/Physics aims to enhance the in-house capacity in available laboratory facilities and instrumentation by operating three complementary probes for irradiation and analysis purposes:

• X-rays, using existing equipment and recent upgrades (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence)

• Neutrons, by the establishment of a neutron science facility with D-D and D-T neutron generators (2019-2021)

• Ion-beams, through the planned establishment of a compact ion-beam accelerator facility (2022-)

• This will allow expanding IAEA’s support to Member States in:

• Capacity building through education and training,

• Facilitation of applied research, and

• Provision of specialized services both to internal and external users.

nsil@iaea.org 31

Neutron science facility is based on two neutron generators,

Each providing 1 x 108 n/s fluxes

• D+D reaction → 2.45 MeV neutron source (fission neutrons) With US-DOE support

• D+T reaction → 14 MeV neutron source (fusion neutrons) Donation by Australia

Example of DD-type generator, with compact shielding

Example of DT-type generator, with massive shielding

In progress: Neutron Science Facility at Seibersdorf

nsil@iaea.org 32

Shielding of the DT generator Layer 1 : Borated PolyethyleneLayer 2 : Ordinary concrete Calculated dose rate in Sv/h, for neutrons and gammas nsil@iaea.org 33

In progress: Neutron Science Facility at Seibersdorf

Optimization of shielding design is ongoing

Radiation monitoring systems testedHPGe for NAA installed and tested

Ion Beam Accelerator Project at Seibersdorf; consideredComprehensive survey conducted in 2018: high interest from the user communities(>60 replies from 40MSs as well as internally within IAEA) : →Training in accelerator technology and applications, →Services relevant to ion beam and nuclear microprobe analysis, →Enhanced access to and use of Ion Beam Analysis techniques.

Total capital costs: ~3.0-4.5 M€ for 1.7-3.0 MV tandem Staff required: ~2-4 persons Operational costs: ~100 - 150 k€/year

▪ Feasibility study showed that, to match the NSIL’s mission and stakeholder needs, two optimal and cost effective technology options can be considered:

1.7 MV tandem or 3.0 MV tandem.

1.7 MV Pelletron Accelerator Lab.East Carolina University, Greenville, USA

physics@iaea.org 34

Call for Extrabudgetary Support and Contributions-in-Kind!

Physics/NSILNeutron Science Facility

(in progress)

Physics/NSILIon Beam Facility

(planned)

Physics/NSILX-ray Facilities

(available)

Physics/NSILInstrumentation Facilities

(available)

nsil@iaea.org 35

Thanks for your attention!

physics@iaea.org