ical electronics and daq schemes - 1 b.satyanarayana, tifr, mumbai for ino collaboration
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ICAL electronics and DAQ schemes - 1
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai
For INO Collaboration
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 2
Plan of the presentation
Glass RPC characteristics ICAL prototype detector Electronics and DAQ system for the prototype
detector Preliminary results from the prototype detector ICAL detector Electronics and DAQ schemes for ICAL Integration issues Project implementation strategies
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 3
RPCs for prototype detector Using 3mm thick Asahi Float glass procured from local market
Polycarbonate buttons, spacers and gas nozzles developed and fabricated
Resistive coat developed in collaboration with a local industry
Operated in avalanche mode using R134:Iso:SF6::95.5:4.3:0.2 gas mixture
1m 1m
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 4
Honeycomb pickup panel
Terminations on the non-readout end
Machined pickup strips on honeycomb panel
Preamp connections on the readout end
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 5
Pulse profiles while measuring Z0
100 51 Open
48
100
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 6
RPC pulse profile
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 7
Decay constant
= 10nS
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 8
Charge-pulse height plot
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 9
Charge spectrum of the RPC
= 375fC
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 10
Pulse height-pulse width plot
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 11
Time spectrum of the RPC
t = 1.7nS
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 12
ICAL prototype detector
13 layers of 50 mm thick low carbon iron plates 35 ton absorber mass, rectangular design 1.5 Tesla uniform magnetic field 12, 1m2 RPC layers 768 readout channels Trigger on cosmic ray muons
In situ, using RPCs Using scintillation paddle layers
Record strip hit and timing information Chamber and ambient parameter monitoring
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 13
Scheme for prototype detector
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 14
RPC stack for INO prototype detector
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 15
Schematic of the prototype detector
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 16
Front-end inventory per layer
• 2 planes (X & Y)
• 64 readout channels
• 8 preamplifier boards
• 4 Analog Front Ends
• 2 Digital Front Ends
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 17
Preamplifiers
BARC designed HMCs inventory First stage negative input(1595):
1500 pcs First stage positive input(1597):
1500 pcs Second stage(1513): 1400 pcs
2 types of preamps for X and Y planes
Cascaded HMCs, Gain: 80, 8-in-1 Rise time: 3nS, Noise band: ±7mV Need about 100 boards per stack Installation of ¾th of boards
completed
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 18
16-channel analog front-end
Functions To digitize the preamp
signals To form the pre-trigger
(Level-0) logic Signal shaping
Features Based on the AD96687
ultra-fast comparator Common adjustable
threshold going up to 500mV
VTh now at -20mV ECL output for low I/O
delay and fast rise times
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 19
32-channel digital front-end
Functions Latch RPC strip status on trigger Transfer latched data serially
through a daisy chain to the readout module
Time-multiplex strip signals for noise rate monitoring
Generate Level-1 trigger signals Features
Latch, shift register, multiplexer are implemented in CPLD XC95288
Trigger logic is built into a CPLD XC9536; flexible
Data transfer rates of up to 10MHz
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 20
Control and data router
To route the control signals and shift clock from controller to the individual FEP modules
To route the latch data from all the FEPs to the readout module
To route strip signals from FEPs to the scalers for noise rate monitoring
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 21
Trigger and TDC router To route the m-Fold
signals from each RPC plane to the final trigger module
To route TDC stop signals (1-Fold) from each plane to the TDC module
All signals are in LVDS logic, except TDC stop signals which are in ECL logic for achieving better timing resolution
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 22
Data and monitor control module
On FTO, triggers all the FEPs to latch the strip signals
Initiates serial data transfer to the readout module
Manages the noise rate monitoring of strip signals, by generating periodic interrupts and selecting channels to be monitored sequentially
CAMAC interface for parameter configuration (like data transfer speed, size, monitoring period) as well as diagnostic procedures
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 23
Data and monitor readout Module
Supports two serial connections for event data recording of X and Y planes and 8 channels for noise rate monitoring
Serial Data converted into 16-bit parallel data and stored temporarily in 4k FIFO buffer
Source of LAM for external trigger source
CAMAC interface for data readout to Computer
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 24
Final trigger module Receives m-fold layer triggers
and generates m n fold final trigger
Final trigger out (FTO) invokes LAM and is Logic Trigger Out (LTO) vetoed by gated LAM
Inputs can be selectively masked The rates of different m n
combinations counted by embedded 16-bit scalers
Rate monitoring of LTO signal using the built in 24-bit scaler
Logic inputs and m n signals are latched on an FTO and can be read via CAMAC commands
Implementing using FPGA adds to circuit simplicity and flexibility
Developed by ED, BARC
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 25
Power supplies and monitoring Essentially commercial
solutions Low voltage & monitoring
CAEN’s 1527 mainframe EASY 3000 system Multi-channel, adjustable
voltage, high current modules
High voltage & monitoring CAEN’s 2527 mainframe
RPC bias current monitoring CAEN’s 128-channel ADC
board in 2527 mainframe
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 26
Low voltage current inventory
Preamps ±6V 16.32A each plane
AFEs +6V 28.8A for each plane -6V 34.8A for each plane
DFEs +8V 11.76A for each plane -8V 6.36A for each plane
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 27
On-line monitoring & services On-line event display On-line web portal for monitoring chambers under test as well as
ambient conditions of the laboratories Chambers
High voltage and current Strip noise rates Cosmic muon efficiency
Ambient parameters Temperature Relative humidity Barometric pressure
Magnet control and monitoring Gas system control and monitoring Web based electronic log book
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 28
BigStack: Data analysis software ROOT based C code Works on highly segmented configuration file Handles event, monitor and trigger rate data Interactively displays event tracks Generates frame and strip hit files Produces well designed summary sheets Plots and histograms produced:
Efficiency profiles Absolute and relative timing distributions Strip cluster size calculations Strip profiles and lego plots Strip rate and calibration signal rate profiles and distributions Paddle and pre-trigger rate profiles and distributions
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 29
A muon track in the BigStack
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 30
Strip hit map of an RPC in a run
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 31
Efficiency time profile of an RPC
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 32
RPC Id HV(KV) Mean(nS) Sigma(nS) RelMean(nS) RelSigma(nS)AB06 09.8 49.53 2.06 -7.64 1.41JB00 09.6 46.00 2.32 -4.47 1.67IB01 09.8 42.31 2.15 -0.64 1.63JB01 09.6 42.55 2.28 -0.87 1.58JB03 09.8 43.75 2.26 -2.18 1.44IB02 09.8 38.49 2.31 3.27 1.38AB02 09.8 42.77 2.53 -1.21 1.51AB01 09.8 35.30 2.16 6.33 1.71AB03 09.8 45.82 3.23 -4.55 1.99AB04 09.8 41.66 2.42 Reference RPCAB07 09.8 40.61 2.47 0.96 1.35AB08 09.8 41.56 2.80 0.31 1.82
RPC-wise timing parameters
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 33
RPC strip background rate monitor
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 34
We are here … RPC’s pulse characteristics and ICAL’s requirements understood
to a large extent; more will be known from the prototype detector Formulating competitive schemes for electronics, data acquisition,
trigger, control, monitor, on-line software, databases and other systems
Feasibility R&D studies on front-ends, timing elements, trigger architectures, on-line data handling schemes will be shortly taken up
Segmentation, power budgets, integration issues etc. must be addressed
Trade-offs between using available solutions and customised design and developments for ICAL to be debated
Procurement of design tools, infrastructure, fab facilities Recruitment and placement of design engineers National and international collaboration and team work
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 35
ICAL module
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 36
Triggered scheme
Conventional architecture
Dedicated sub-system blocks for performing various data readout tasks
Need for Hardware based on-line trigger system
Trigger latency issues and how do we take care in implementation
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 37
Trigger-less DAQ scheme
Suitable for low event rate and low background/noise rates
On-off control and Vth control to disable noisy channels
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 38
Front-end specifications No input matching circuit needed, HCP strips give ~50Ω
characteristic impedance Avalanche mode, pulse amplitude: 0.5-2mV Gain (100-200, fixed) depends on the electronic noise
obtainable No gain needed if operated in streamer mode, option to
by-pass gain stage Rise time: < 1nS Discriminator overhead: 3-4 preferable Variable Vth for discriminator ±10mV to ±50mV Pulse shaping (fixed) 50-100nS Pulse shaping removes pulse height information; do w
need the latter?
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 39
Front-end considerations
RPC strip pitch versus front-end packaging n-in-1 ASIC or PCB: Routing of tracks 1-in-1 ASIC: Mounted on pickup panels
Low voltage distributionDC-DC converters, one per RPC to
generate high voltage supplyOutput signal routing
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 40
Sub-systems Front-ends Latch and timing units Pipelines and fiber Backend (VME) data collectors Trigger system Central clock Slow control and monitoring
Gas, magnet, power supplies Ambient parameters Safety and interlocks
Computer, networking and security issues On-line data quality monitors Voice and video communications Remote access protocols to detector sub-systems and data
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 41
Important considerations
Information to record on trigger Strip hit Timing
Rates Individual strip background rates ~100Hz Event rate ~10Hz
On-line monitor RPC parameters Ambient parameters Services, supplies
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 42
Other critical issues
Power requirement and thermal management 25mW/channel → 100KW/detector Magnet power Front-end positioning; use absorber to good use! Do we need forced, water cooled ventilation?
Suggested cavern conditions Temperature: 20±2oC Relative humidity: 50±5%
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 43
Placement of front-end electronics
RPC Gas volume
RPC signal pickup panel
Front-end for X-planeFront-end for Y-plane
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 44
Cables & services routing
RPC
Iron absorber
RPC
Signal cables from RPCs
Gas, LV & HV cables from RPCs
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 45
DAQ & services’ sub-stations
Iron absorber
Iron absorber
Iron spacerRPCDAQ
LVHVGas
Gas
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 46
Industries’ role
What should be INO’s modus operandi for involving industries?
Jobs like chip fabrication of course will be handled by industries (govt. or pvt.)
Can we out source some design jobs as well? Board design and fabrication Slow control and monitoring sub-systems Industries are very eager and quite willing to! Interacted with CAEN, NI, Datapatterns,
ChipSculpt …
B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai ICAL Electronics September 17, 2008 47
Design team members
INO collaborating institutes must pledge design team members on full or serious basis
Need to train some of the younger members with expert institutions/members
Distributed tools and software so that engineers can work on defined segments of jobs at their home institutions
Particularly useful to begin with when new engineers will be working on well defined primitives
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