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ICloud
A TECHNICAL SEMINAR REPORT
ON
“ I CLOUD ”A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment
Of the Academic requirements
for the Award of Bachelor of Technology
In
Computer Science and Engineering
Submitted By
K.NIKHIL KUMAR
Roll no: 14BD5A0504
Department of Computer science and Engineering.
Keshav Memorial Institute of Technology
Narayanguda , Hyderabad – 500029.
2016-2017.
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INDEXCONTEXT
LIST OF FIGURES
ABSTRACT
1. ABOUT I CLOUD
• announcement
• Apple ID
• Use icloud.com
2. HISTORY
3. I CLOUD FUNDAMENTALS
• I cloud fundamentals
• First, provision your development devices
• Icloud data transfer proceeds automatically and securely
• The ubiquity container, icloud storage, and entitlements
• A users icloud storage is limited
• The system manages local icloud storage
4.FEATURES
• Backup and restore
• itunes match
• photo stream
• iwork for icloud
• storage
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5.SYSTEM REQUIRMENTS
• Recommended system requirements
• Iphone, ipad, ipod touch
• Mac
• Pc
• Appletv
• Minimum system requirements by feature
6. PRIVACY AND SECURITY
• Data security
• Security and I cloud features
• Privacy,find my iphone
• Icloud keychain
7. ABOUT INCORPORATING ICLOUD INTO YOUR APP
• At a glance
• Three kinds of icloud storage
8. COMPETITIORS
9.CONCLUSION
10.REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
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LIST OF FIGURES
Fig: 3.1 app’s main ubiquity container in context
Fig: 3.2 iCloud files are cached on local devices and stored in iCloud
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ABSTRACT
Save you’re time and work before loosing it with iCloud. Many of us struggles in backing up
their files from the devices wither its personal, Student or owned by a small business. Saving
files are really important because some devices crash suddenly and we end up loosing our hard
work. Through the presentation I created it will illustrates various types of backup systems and
recommends to use the iCloud is the best solution. ICloud is the latest technology that helps in
backing up your files through server by installing the application and setting your account, which
will do the whole process automatically in daily bases with the help of Wi-Fi connection. This
application will allows to restore all you files with all your apple devices with same info by
clicking on one button and it will do the rest for you. Moreover the iCloud presentation includes
a link from YouTube tutorial that can guide you how to install, manage the app easily and more.
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1.ABOUT ICLOUD
iCloud is a cloud storage and cloud computing service from Apple Inc. launched on October 12,
2011. As of July 2013, the service has 320 million users.
The service allows users to store data such as music and iOS applications on remote computer
servers for download to multiple devices such as iOS-based devices running iOS 5 or later, and
personal computers running OS X 10.7.2 "Lion" or later, or Microsoft Windows (Windows
Vistaservice pack 2 or later). It also replaces Apple's MobileMe service, acting as a data syncing
center for email, contacts, calendars, bookmarks, notes, reminders (to-do lists), iWork
documents, photos and other data. The service also allows users to wirelessly back up their iOS
devices to iCloud instead of manually doing so using iTunes. iCloud data center is located in
Maiden, North Carolina.
Original author(s) Apple Inc.
Developer(s) Apple Inc.
Initial Release Developers release
June 6, 2011
Public release
October 12, 2011
Development Status Active
Operating System OS X(10.7 Lion and Later)
Microsoft Windows
iOS5 or later
Available In Multilingual
Type Online backup service
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License Freeware
1.1 ANNOUNCEMENT
The first official mention of iCloud from Apple came on May 31, 2011, when a press
release announced that it would demonstrate the service at the WWDC on June 6, 2011. A
banner hung at the Moscone Center for WWDC revealed the iCloud logo five days before the
official launch.
In the WWDC 2011 keynote speech, Apple announced iCloud will replace MobileMe services
and that the basic iCloud service will be free of charge.
1.2 Apple IDYou need an Apple ID to sign up for iCloud. You may already have an Apple ID if you've
purchased or downloaded content from iTunes Store, App Store, and iBookstore, or signed in to
Game Center or FaceTime.
1.3 USE ICLOUD.COM
You can access your iCloud information using a computer web browser instead of using apps on
your iOS device, Mac, or Windows computer. You go to iCloud.com, sign in, and then use the
iCloud.com web apps: Mail, Contacts, Calendar, Notes, Reminders, Find My iPhone, Pages,
Numbers, and Keynote.
To prevent anyone from accessing your iCloud information on iCloud.com (such as your email)
while you’re away from your computer, you can sign out. If you’re now signed in from more
than one browser, you can sign out from all browsers at once.
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2.HISTORY
iCloud is the latest branding of Apple's cloud computing services. It has previously been branded
as iTools in 2000, .Mac in 2002, and MobileMe in 2008.
iCloud was announced on June 6, 2011, at the 2011 Apple Worldwide Developers
Conference (WWDC). Apple announced that MobileMe would be discontinued after June 30,
2012, with anyone who had an account before the unveiling of iCloud having their MobileMe
service extended to that date, free of charge.
The official website, www.icloud.com, went live in early August for Apple Developers. On
October 12, 2011, iCloud became available to use via an iTunes update. iCloud had 20 million
users in less than a week after launch. The iCloud.com domain and registered trademark were
bought from a Swedish company called Xcerion, who rebranded their service
to CloudMe. CloudMe still controls major domains like iCloud.de, iCloud.fr and iCloud.es.
A class action lawsuit by customers unhappy over the transition from MobileMe to iCloud was
filed in early May 2012.
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3.ICLOUD FUNDAMENTALS
3.1 ICLOUD FUNDAMENTALSFrom a user’s perspective, iCloud is a simple feature that automatically makes their personal
content available on all their devices. To make your app participate in this “magic,” you need to
design and implement your app somewhat differently, and for this you need to learn about your
app’s roles when it participates with iCloud.
These roles, and the specifics of your iCloud adoption process, depend on your app. You design
how your app manages its data, so only you can decide which iCloud supporting technologies
your app needs and which ones it does not.
This chapter gets you started with the fundamental elements of iCloud that all developers need to
know.
3.2 FIRST, PROVISION YOUR DEVELOPMENT DEVICES
To start developing an iCloud app, you must have an appropriate device provisioning profile and
app ID. If you don’t already have these in place, learn about setting up a provisioning profile and
app ID in “Provisioning Your App for Store Technologies” in App Distribution Guide.
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3.3 ICLOUD DATA TRANSFER PROCEEDS AUTOMATICALLY AND
SECURELY
When you adopt iCloud, the operating system initiates and manages uploading and downloading
of data for the devices attached to an iCloud account. Your app does not directly communicate
with iCloud servers and, in most cases, does not invoke upload or download of data. At a very
high level, the process works as follows:
1. You configure your app to gain access to special local file system locations known as
ubiquity containers.
2. You design your app to respond appropriately to changes in the availability of iCloud (such
as if a user signs out of iCloud), and to changes in the locations of files (because instances of
your app on other devices can rename, move, duplicate, or delete files).
3. Your app reads and writes to its ubiquity containers using APIs that provide file
coordination.
4. The operating system automatically transfers data to and from iCloud as needed.
In iOS, there is an exception to automatic iCloud data transfer. For the first-time download of an
iCloud-based document in iOS, your app actively requests the document.
iCloud secures user data with encryption in transit and on the iCloud servers, and by using secure
tokens for authentication. Key-value storage employs the same security as iCloud uses for
"Documents in the Cloud,” as it is described in that document.
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3.4 THE UBIQUITY CONTAINER, ICLOUD STORAGE, AND
ENTITLEMENTS
To save data to iCloud, your app places the data in special file system locations known as
ubiquity containers. A ubiquity container serves as the local representation of corresponding
iCloud storage. It is outside of your app’s sandbox container, as shown in Figure 3.1.
Figure 3.1 Your app’s main ubiquity container in context
To enable your app to access ubiquity containers, you request the appropriate iCloud
entitlements.
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3.5 A USER’S ICLOUD STORAGE IS LIMITED
Each iCloud user receives an allotment of complimentary storage space and can purchase more
as needed. Because this space is shared by a user’s iCloud-enabled iOS and Mac apps, a user
with many apps can run out of space. For this reason, to be a good iCloud citizen, it’s important
that your app saves to iCloud only what is needed in iCloud. Specifically:
● DO store the following in iCloud:
● User documents
● Change log files for a SQLite database (a SQLite database’s store file must never be
stored in iCloud)
● DO NOT store the following in iCloud:
● Cache files
● App support files that your app creates and can recreate
● Large downloaded data file
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3.6 THE SYSTEM MANAGES LOCAL ICLOUD STORAGE
A user’s iCloud data lives on Apple’s iCloud servers, and a cache lives locally on each of the
user’s devices, as shown in Figure 3.2.
Local caching of iCloud data allows a user to continue working even when the network is
unavailable, such as when they turn on Airplane mode.
Figure 3.2 iCloud files are cached on local devices and stored in iCloud
Because the local cache of iCloud data shares space with the other files on a device, in some
cases there is not sufficient local storage available for all of a user’s iCloud data.
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4. FEATURES
The cloud-based system allows users to store music, photos, applications, documents, bookmarks,
reminders, backups, notes, iBooks, and contacts, and provides a platform for Apple's email servers and
calendars. Third-party iOS and OS X app developers are able to implement iCloud functionality in their
apps through the iCloud API.
4.1 BACKUP AND RESTORE
iCloud allows users to back up the settings and data on iOS devices running iOS 5 or later. Data
backed up includes photos and videos in the Camera Roll, device settings, app data, messages
(iMessage, SMS, and MMS), ringtones, and Visual Voicemails. Backups occur daily when the
device is locked and connected to Wi-Fi and a power source. In case of a malfunction of any
Apple device, during the restoration process, iCloud offers to restore all data along with App
data only if the device was synced to iCloud and backed up.
4.2 BACK TO MY MAC
Back to My Mac, also previously part of MobileMe, is now part of iCloud. As before, this
service allows users to log in remotely to other computers that have Back to My Mac enabled
and are configured with the same Apple ID.
4.3 EMAIL, CONTACTS, AND CALENDARS
As with MobileMe (and .Mac and iTools before it), an iCloud account includes an email account.
Unlike MobileMe and its previous iterations, an email address is an optional part of an iCloud
account, in that the user can choose not to use it but can still use the email as their iCloud Apple
ID. Additionally, on an iOS device, iCloud email is push-enabled.
Users converting existing MobileMe accounts to iCloud accounts kept their existing "@me.com"
email addresses, and users whose accounts pre-dated MobileMe and had both me.com and
mac.com email addresses kept both. In iOS 6 beta 3, Apple gave notice to developers that new
signups would instead get "@icloud.com" email addresses.
4.4 FIND MY FRIENDS
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In iOS 5, iCloud introduced a new feature called Find My Friends. Find My Friends is very
similar to Find My iPhone, except users can share their location with other friends or family
using the feature. Concurrently with the launch of iOS 5, Apple released an app for Find My
Friends. iOS 6 added location-based alerts to notify the user when a device arrives at a certain
location.
4.5 FIND MY IPHONE
Find My iPhone, formerly part of MobileMe, allows users to track the location of their iOS
device or Mac. A user can see the device's approximate location on a map (along with a circle
showing the radius depicting the margin of error), display a message and/or play a sound on the
device (even if it is set to silent), change the password on the device, and remotely erase its
contents. The feature was first announced on June 10, 2009 and was included in iOS 3.0 software
update as a feature for paying MobileMe users. In iOS 5, Find My iPhone was continued as a
feature for iCloud. iOS 6 introduced Lost Mode, a new feature that allows the user to mark a
device as "lost", making it easier to protect and find. The feature also allows someone that finds
the user's lost iPhone to call the user directly without unlocking it. Similar phone finder services
under various names are available for other families of smartphones.
4.6 ITUNES MATCH
iTunes Match debuted on November 14, 2011. It was initially available to US users only. For an
annual fee, customers can scan and match tracks in their iTunes music library, including tracks
copied from CDs or other sources, with tracks in the iTunes Store, so customers do not have to
repurchase said tracks. Customers may download up to 25,000 tracks in 256 kbit/s DRM-
free AAC file format that match tracks in any supported audio file formats in customers' iTunes
libraries, including ALAC and MP3. Any music not available in the iTunes Store is uploaded for
download onto customers' other supported devices and computers; doing this will not take
storage from the customers' iCloud's storage allowance.
4.7 IWORK FOR ICLOUD
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During the 2013 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) keynote speech, iWork for
iCloud was announced for release at the same time as the next version of the app versions of
iWork later in the year. The three apps for both iOS and OS X that form Apple's iWork suite
(Pages, Numbers, and Keynote), will be made available on a web interface (named as Pages for
iCloud, Numbers for iCloud, and Keynote for iCloud respectively), and accessed via the iCloud
website under each users iCloud Apple ID login. They will also sync with the users iOS and OS
X versions of the app, should they have them, again via their iCloud Apple ID.
This allows the user to edit and create documents on the web, using one of the supported
browsers; currently Safari, Chrome, and Internet Explorer. It also means that Microsoft
Windows users now have access to these native –previously only Apple device– document
editing tools, via the web interface.
4.8 PHOTO STREAM
Photo Stream is a service supplied with the basic iCloud service which allows users to store the
most recent 1,000 photos on the iCloud servers up to 30 days free of charge. When a photo is
taken on a device with Photo Stream enabled, it is automatically uploaded to the iCloud servers;
from there, it is automatically pushed to the rest of the user's registered devices. Photos in Photo
Stream will automatically be removed from other devices after the user reaches the 1,000 photo
or 30 day limit. Users who utilize Photo Stream on their Mac or PC can choose to have all photos
permanently saved on their computer - their photos in Photo Stream will not be removed from
the computer when they are dropped out of Photo Stream after the user reaches the 1,000 photo
or 30 day limit. The service is also integrated with Apple TV, allowing users to view their recent
photos wirelessly on their HDTV.
4.9 STORAGE
Since introduction in 2011, each account has 5 GB of free storage for owners of either an iOS
device using iOS 5.x or later, or a Mac using OS X Lion 10.7 or later. Additional storage can be
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purchased in tiers of 10, 20, or 50 GB – 50 GB being the maximum. The amount of storage is
shared across all devices per iCloud Apple ID.
Several native features of iCloud use each user's iCloud storage allowance, specifically, Backup
and restore, and email, Contacts, and Calendars. Not all of a user's content counts as part of their
iCloud storage allowance. Apple is able to keep a permanent track of every purchase a user
makes under their Apple ID account, and by associating each piece of content with the user,
means only one copy of every Store item is needed to be kept on Apple's servers. For items
bought from the iTunes Store (music, music videos, movies, TV shows), iBookStore (books), or
App Store (iOS apps), this uses a service Apple call iTunes in the Cloud, allowing the user to
automatically, or manually if preferred, re-download any of their previous purchases on to a
Mac, PC, or iOS device. Downloaded (or streamed, provided the user is connected to the
Internet) iTunes Store content can be used across all these devices, however while iBookStore
and Similarly, OS X apps purchased from the Mac App Store are also linked to the Apple ID
they were purchased through, and are able to be downloaded to any Mac using the same Apple
ID. Also, when a user registers any new device, all previously bought Store content can be
downloaded from the Store servers, or non-Store content from the iCloud servers.
In addition to the free 5 GB of iCloud storage, previous MobileMe accounts (to be precise, those
"individual" accounts, or the master account user only, not the sub-members, on "family pack"
accounts) were automatically given the extra 20 GB tier on iCloud, and those with MobileMe
accounts with 40 or 60 GB of additional purchased storage received a complimentary upgrade of
50 GB of iCloud storage. On September 30, 2012 users noticed that the free storage upgrade had
not expired, but had seemingly been extended 50 years longer, with their devices showing an
expiry date of September 30, 2038. However over the course of the next few days this soon
changed to show just a year's extension, until September 30, 2013, with Apple emailing
customers to advise them of the extension.
ICLOUD : SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
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5.1 RECOMMENDED SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Meeting the recommended system requirements lets you take advantage of the latest iCloud
features and gives you the best overall iCloud experience. iCloud also requires an active Internet
connection via Wi-Fi or cellular data, and some features work only with a Wi-Fi connection.
5.1.1 IPHONE, IPAD, IPOD TOUCH
iOS 7.0.3
iWork for iOS (Pages 2.0, Numbers 2.0, Keynote 2.0)
5.1.2 MAC
OS X Mavericks v10.9
iTunes 11 or later
iPhoto ’11 version 9.5 or Aperture 3.5
Safari 6 or later, Firefox 22 or later, or Google Chrome 28 or later
iWork for Mac (Pages 5.0, Numbers 3.0, Keynote 6.0)1
5.1.3 PC
Microsoft Windows 7 or Windows 8
iCloud Control Panel 3.0
iTunes 11 or later
Outlook 2007 or later2
Internet Explorer 9 or later, Firefox 22 or later, or Google Chrome 28 or later (desktop
mode only)
5.1.4 APPLE TV
Apple TV software version 5.3
5.2 MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS BY FEATURE
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To use iCloud, you must have at least iOS 5 on iPhone 3GS, iPod touch (3rd generation), iPad,
or iPad mini; or at least OS X Lion v10.7.5 on a Mac.
Consult the following table for more information about the specific requirements of each iCloud
feature.
iCloud
feature
Minimum requirements
Ios OS X Windows Apple TV
iTunes in
the Cloud3
iOS 5 iTunes 10.3.1 (for
Music, Apps, Books)
iTunes 10.6 (for
Movies)
iTunes 10.3.1 (for Music,
Apps, Books)
iTunes 10.6 (for Movies)
Apple TV
software 4.4
iTunes
Match
iOS 5.0.1 iTunes 10.5.1 iTunes 10.5.1 Apple TV
software 4.4
My Photo
Stream
iOS 5.1 OS X v10.7.5
iPhoto ’11 (9.2.2)
or Aperture 3.2.3
Windows Vista (SP2)4,
Windows 7, Windows 8
iCloud Control Panel 1.1
Apple TV
software 5.0
Shared
Photo
Streams
iOS 6 OS X v10.8.2
iPhoto ’11 (9.4) or
Aperture 3.4
Windows Vista (SP2)4,
Windows 7, Windows 8
iCloud Control
Panel 2.1.2
Apple TV
software 5.1
iCloud
Photo
Sharing
iOS 7 OS X Mavericks v10.9 Windows 7 or Windows 8 Apple TV
software 5.3
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iPhoto '11 version 9.5
or Aperture 3.5
iCloud Control Panel 3.0
Keychain iOS 7.0.3 OS X Mavericks v10.9 — —
Documents
in the
Cloud
iOS 5
iWork for iOS
(Pages 1.5,
Numbers 1.5,
Keynote 1.5)
OS X v10.7.5
iWork ’09 (Pages 4.2,
Numbers 2.2,
Keynote 5.2)
— —
iWork for
iCloud beta
— Safari 6.0.3
Google Chrome 27.0.1
Internet Explorer 9.0.8
Google Chrome 27.0.1
—
iCloud.com — Safari 5
Firefox 21
Google Chrome 27
Internet Explorer 9
Firefox 21
Google Chrome 27
—
iCloud
Tabs
iOS 6 OS X v10.8.2
Safari 6
— —
Calendar,
Contacts,
iOS 5 OS X v10.7.5 Windows Vista (SP2)4,
Windows 7, Windows 8
iCloud Control Panel 1.1
—
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Outlook 20072 or an up-
to-date web browser
Bookmarks iOS 5 OS X v10.7.5
Safari 5.1.1
Windows 7 or Windows 8
iCloud Control Panel 1.0
Internet Explorer 9
Firefox 22 (requires
iCloud Control Panel 3.0)
Google Chrome 28 in
desktop mode only
(requires iCloud Control
Panel 3.0)
—
Backup
and
Restore
iOS 5
— — —
Find My
iPhone
iOS 5
iOS 6 (for Lost
Mode)
iOS 7 (for
Activation Lock)
OS X v10.7.5
(Lost Mode and
Activation Lock aren't
available on OS X)
— —
6. PRIVACY AND SECURITY
Apple takes data security and privacy of your personal information very seriously. iCloud is built
with industry-standard security practices and employs strict policies to protect your data.
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6.1 DATA SECURITY
iCloud secures your data by encrypting it when it is sent over the Internet, storing it in an
encrypted format when kept on server (review the table below for detail), and using secure
tokens for authentication. This means that your data is protected from unauthorized access both
while it is being transmitted to your devices and when it is stored in the cloud. iCloud uses a
minimum of 128-bit AES encryption—the same level of security employed by major financial
institutions—and never provides encryption keys to any third parties.
6.3 PRIVACY
Apple has a company-wide commitment to your privacy. Our Privacy Policy covers how we
collect, use, disclose, transfer and store your information.
In addition to adhering to the Apple Privacy Policy, Apple designs iCloud features with your
privacy in mind. For example:
6.3.1 FIND MY IPHONE
You must turn on Find My iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch in iOS Settings before your device
can be located.
You must turn on Find My Mac in OS X System Preferences before your Mac can be
located.
Location data is sent from your device only when you request its location—it is not
transmitted or recorded at any other time.
6.3.3 ICLOUD KEYCHAIN
iCloud Keychain encryption keys are created on your devices, and Apple can't access those
keys. Only encrypted keychain data passes through Apple's servers, and Apple can't access
any of the key material that could be used to decrypt that data.
Only trusted devices that you approved can access your iCloud Keychain.
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Advanced settings allow you to choose an iCloud Security Code longer than four digits or
have your device generate one for you.
You can choose to disable keychain recovery, which means that iCloud Keychain is kept up
to date across your approved devices, but the encrypted data is not stored with Apple and
cannot be recovered if all of your devices are lost.
8.ABOUT INCORPORATING ICLOUD INTO YOUR APP
iCloud is a free service that lets users access their personal content on all their devices—
wirelessly and automatically via AppleID.iClouddoesthisbycombiningnetwork-
basedstoragewithdedicatedAPIs,supported by full integration with the operating system. Apple
provides server infrastructure, backup, and user accounts, so you can focus on building great
iCloud-enabled apps.
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The core idea behind iCloud is to eliminate explicit synchronization between devices. A user
never needs to think about syncing and your app never interacts directly with iCloud servers.
When you adopt iCloud storage APIs as described in this document, changes appear
automatically on all the devices attached to an iCloud account. Your users get safe, consistent,
and transparent access to their personal content everywhere
8.1 AT A GLANCE iCloud is all about content, so your integration effort focuses on the
model layer of your app. Because instances of your app running on a user’s other devices can
change the local app instance’s data model, you design your app to handle such changes. You
might also need to modify the user interface for presenting iCloud-based files and information.
There is one important case for which Cocoa adopts iCloud for you. A document-based app for
OS X v10.8 or later requires very little iCloud adoption work, thanks to the capabilities of the
NSDocument class.
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There are many different ways you can use iCloud storage, and a variety of technologies
available to access it. This document introduces all the iCloud storage APIs and offers guidance
in how to design your app in the context of iCloud.
8.2 THREE KINDS OF ICLOUD STORAGE
iCloud supports three kinds of storage. To pick the right one (or combination) for your app, make
sure you understand the intent and capabilities of each. The three kinds of iCloud storage are:
● Key-value storage for discrete values, such as preferences, settings, and simple app state.
● Document storage for user-visible file-based information such as word processing
documents, drawings, and complex app state.
● Core Data storage for shoebox-style apps and server-based, multi-device database solutions
for structured content. iCloud Core Data storage is built on document storage and employs the
same iCloud APIs.
COMPETITORS
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CONCLUSION
iCloud gives you access to all your music, photos, and documents and more without you having
to think about file transfers via USB or a manual wireless sync. iCloud is a set of online services
that ultimately wants to eliminate the need of a central repository the digital hub from where
users were forced to start moving content onto other devices, like iPods and iPhone.
iCloud permeates every aspect of the operating system and it’s built into the apps you use every
day. If you create or edit bookmarks on Safari for Mac, changes will appear on Safari for iOS;
when you add a page to the new Reading List, that page will be instantly pushed to all your
devices’ Safari browser.
Cloud computing has enabled teams and organizations to streamline lengthy procurement
processes.
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REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. en.wikipedia.org
2. www.apple.com
3. www.google.co.in
4. www.techradar.com
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