improving energy efficiency of metro stations pramod jha atkins

Improving Energy Efficiency of

Metro Stations

by Pramod Kumar Jha

Mechanical Engineering Manager

Rail Division

Our Rail business at a glance

• Among Middle East’s largest rail consultancies

• Involved in every metro project in the region

• Vast UK rail infrastructure experience

• 3,500 staff worldwide experienced in planning, designing, delivering, commissioning and operating railways

2

• What do we mean by “energy

efficiency”?

• How to measure it?

• How metro stations differ from

standard buildings?

• How can we improve energy

efficiency of metro stations?

• What are the tools for designing

energy efficient metro stations?

4

What is Energy Efficiency?

By definition it is “Using less energy to provide

the same services”

How do we measure energy efficiency?

• US Green Building Council’s LEED

(Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design)

rating

• UAE’s “Estidama” Pearl rating

• Global Sustainability Assessment System

(GSAS) Sustainability, Qatar rating

• BREEAM, UK rating

How do metro stations differ from

standard buildings?

• Metro stations are dynamic

buildings:

• Variable passengers flow

• Train movement

• Special systems

• Safety requirement

• Integration of many Services

• Compliance with international

standards

Improving Metro Station Energy

Efficiency

7

• Determine passenger profile

• Variable fresh air flow

• Selection of efficient lighting & control

• Occupancy sensors for travelator & escalators control

• Free cooling by fresh air during low ambient

temperature

• BIM 3D coordinated design

Selecting Right Passenger Profile for

Environment Control System

8

• Passenger flow based on data

from passenger modelling

• Peak passenger occupancy

time different from peak air

temperature

• CO2 control

• Variable fresh air flow rates by

motorised control dampers

• Maintain IAQ as per ASHRAE

62.1

Selection of Efficient Lighting Scheme/

Type of Fixture

• Use of natural light

• Low power LED lighting

• Occupancy Sensor

Lighting Control

• Dimming control

2 x 58 Watt Fixture

(121W System Wattage)

40 LED Fixture

(50 W System Wattage)

Occupancy sensor for travelator &

escalator control

• Occupancy sensor travelator

control

• Occupancy sensor escalator

control

Using Free Cooling by Fresh Air During

Low Ambient Temperature

• In normal operation fresh air 2 to

10%.

• 100% open mode lighting when

ambient temperature is low

100%

AHU

Concourse/

Platform

FAN

5%

10%

95%

90%

5%

Normal Mode

100%

AHU

Concourse/

Platform

FAN

100%

100%

100%

0%

0%

Open Mode

Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design

BIM:

• Building

• Information – a linked data base of all the components within the model

• Modelling – a graphical representation of all the

components in the model shown their correct location in

space

Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design

Design Optimisation

• Dynamic link between model and data/calculations enables a number of design options to be quickly compared

• Comparisons can include minimum energy usage, lowest

first cost, lowest embodied carbon etc

• Depending on project priorities final design can

incorporate a mix of optimised systems depending on

project priorities

Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design

14

Better Services Coordination (CSD)

Using BIM 3D Coordinated Design

Better Services Coordination (CSD)

Conclusion

• Metro stations are highly complex, energy intensive buildings

• Energy reduction strategies are an essential component of meeting sustainability requirements

• 15-25% improvement in operational efficiency

• Middle East can play key role in championing best practice

Improving Energy Efficiency of

Metro Stations

by Pramod Kumar Jha

Mechanical Engineering Manager

Rail Division