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Refraction through a Prism

Scattering of Light

Dispersion through a Prism

TIR & Rainbow formation

Atmospheric Refraction & its applications

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Refraction through a Prism

Scattering of Light

Dispersion through a Prism

TIR & Rainbow formation

Atmospheric Refraction & its applications

Q10. Two lenses have power of +2D and-6D respectively. Calculate the focallength of the combination?

Answer : -0.25 m

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Refraction through a Prism

Refraction through a prism

normal

Air

Refraction through a prism

normal

Air

After the 2nd refraction the emergent ray deviates downwards

Angle of deviation

Angle of Deviation <D

As the Refractive index μ of the material increasesthe ∠D also increases.

blue glass μ = 1.5

Red ruby μ = 1.76

Angle of the prism (∠A)Angle between the inclined facesof the prism

Angle of deviation (∠D)Angle between the incident andthe emergent ray

∠D increases with increase in μ

DispersionRefraction

Reflection None of these

A B

C D

Q1. In a prism light undergoes _______ atthe two slant surfaces

DispersionRefraction

Reflection None of these

A B

C D

Q1. In a prism light undergoes _______ atthe two slant surfaces

Emergence Prism

deviation incidence

A B

C D

Q2. The angle between two planerefracting surfaces of the prism is calledthe angle of

Emergence Prism

deviation incidence

A B

C D

Q2. The angle between two planerefracting surfaces of the prism is calledthe angle of

DISPERSION THROUGH A PRISM

DISPERSION THROUGH A PRISM

Process of splitting of white light into itscomponent colours.

Different colors refract differently

● Violet deviates the most● Red deviates the least

Red

Violet

Wavelength (λ) Speed of light Refraction

When light passes through the second prismthe colours combine to form White light

Dispersion is the process ofsplitting white light into itscomponent colours.

Two prisms in opposite orientationcan negate dispersion.

Q3. A beam of white light enters a prismand splits into rays of all its componentcolours. Three of the emergent rays areshown below. Which of the followingcould be the correct sequence of coloursfor rays A, B and C

A-violet, B-yellow, C-red

A-orange, B-blue, C-violet

A-red, B-indigo, C-blue

A-indigo, B-orange, C-red

A B

C D

Q3. A beam of white light enters a prismand splits into rays of all its componentcolours. Three of the emergent rays areshown below. Which of the followingcould be the correct sequence of coloursfor rays A, B and C

A-violet, B-yellow, C-red

A-orange, B-blue, C-violet

A-red, B-indigo, C-blue

A-indigo, B-orange, C-red

A B

C D

Q3. A beam of white light enters a prismand splits into rays of all its componentcolours. Three of the emergent rays areshown below.Which of the followingcould be the correct sequence of coloursfor rays A, B and C

VelocityEnergy

amplitude phase

A B

C D

Q4. A prism splits a beam of white lightinto its constituent colours. This is sobecause ________ of different coloursis different

VelocityEnergy

amplitude phase

A B

C D

Q4. A prism splits a beam of white lightinto its constituent colours. This is sobecause ________ of different coloursis different

Total internal Reflection

RAINBOW FORMATION

3 - Step Process

Rainbow Formation

3 - Step Process

Refraction / Dispersion

Rainbow Formation

3 - Step Process

Refraction / Dispersion Total

Internal

Reflection

Rainbow Formation

3 - Step Process

Refraction / Dispersion RefractionTotal

Internal

Reflection

Rainbow Formation

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Refraction, dispersion & internal reflection

Reflection, Refraction & dispersion

Dispersion, scattering & total internal reflection

Reflection, dispersion &

refraction

A B

C D

Q5. Which of the following phenomena oflight are involved in the formation of arainbow?

Refraction, dispersion & internal reflection

Reflection, Refraction & dispersion

Dispersion, scattering & total internal reflection

Reflection, dispersion &

refraction

A B

C D

Q5. Which of the following phenomena oflight are involved in the formation of arainbow?

The sun is in the south east

There are suspended

raindrops in the air.

The sun is in the north west Both A and C

A B

C D

Q6. John spots a rainbow in the southeastern sky. Hence

The sun is in the south east

There are suspended

raindrops in the air.

The sun is in the north west Both A and C

A B

C D

Q6. John spots a rainbow in the southeastern sky. Hence

ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION

Deviation of light as is passes through theatmosphere due to the variation in refractiveindex of air

Stars appear raised due to atmospheric refraction

Stars appear raised due to atmospheric refraction

Height difference

Stars appear raised due to atmospheric refraction

Horizon line

Horizon line

Atmospheric refraction makes the sun appear higher than it is

Horizon line

Difference in apparent and real position of sun is 2 minutes

2 minutes

During sunset , we can see the sun 2 minutes after it crossed the horizon

Real

Apparent

Early sunrise and delayed sunset

TWINKLING OF STARS

Varying refractive index cause twinkling of stars

Since planets are consideredas the collection of points,their twinkling effectaverages out

Stars onlyPlanets only.

Planets and stars Stars and satellites

A B

C D

Q7. The atmospheric refraction of lightcauses the twinkling of:

Stars onlyPlanets only.

Planets and stars Stars and satellites

A B

C D

Q7. The atmospheric refraction of lightcauses the twinkling of:

2 minutes6 minutes

4 minutes 8 minutes

A B

C D

Q8. Due to atmospheric refraction ofsunlight, the time from sunrise to sunsetis lengthened by about

2 minutes6 minutes

4 minutes 8 minutes

A B

C D

Q8. Due to atmospheric refraction ofsunlight, the time from sunrise to sunsetis lengthened by about

SCATTERING OF LIGHT

The spreading of light is called Scattering of light.

Scattering of light was discovered by John Tyndall. It is called Tyndall Effect

Some colors scatter more, some less

Scattering

Wavelength

Scattering

Wavelength

Violet

Indigo

Blue

Yellow

Orange

Red

Scattering of light in theatmosphere gives:Orange colour to the sunduring sunset and sunrise

Scattering of light in theatmosphere gives blue colour tothe sky

The scattering of red light is more than that of yellow light.

The scattering of red light is much less than that of yellow light.

Yellow light, when scattered is brighter

Red light, when scattered is brighter

A B

C D

Q9. Eye is more sensitive to yellow colourbut why are danger signals painted redinstead of yellow

The scattering of red light is more than that of yellow light.

The scattering of red light is much less than that of yellow light.

Yellow light, when scattered is brighter

Red light, when scattered is brighter

A B

C D

Q9. Eye is more sensitive to yellow colourbut why are danger signals painted redinstead of yellow

Q10. The ________ colour is at the topand the ______colour is at the bottomof the spectrum

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