individual behavor

FOUNDATIONS OF

INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR

TOPIC:

INTRODUCTION Human behaviour a complex

phenomenon as it is most difficult to define in absolute terms. An individual's behaviour may change due to a change in the same environment or exposure to a different environment. Different people behave differently in the same or similar environment.

Factors which influence individual behaviour are………………………

PERSONAL FACTORSENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS

PERSONAL FACTORS

PERSONAL FACTORSBIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS

BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Physical characteristicsAgeGenderReligionMarital statusExperience IntelligenceAbility

LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS

PersonalityPerceptionAttitudeValues

BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Physical characteristics: Some of these characteristics are related to height, skin, complexion, vision, shape and size of nose, weight etc.

Age: Age is considered to be an inherited characteristic because it is determined by date of birth.

Gender: Being a male or female is genetic in nature and it is considered to be an inherited feature.

BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Religion: The religion and culture also determine attitudes towards financial incentives. People who are highly religious are supposed to have high moral values,eg; they are honest they do not tell lies or talk ill of others.

Marital status: There are not enough studies to draw any conclusion as to whether there is any relationship between marital status and job performance.

BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS Experience: Work experience is

considered to be a good indicator of employee productivity. Research indicates that there is a positive relationship between seniority and job performance.

Intelligence: It is considered that intelligence is an inherited quality. Intelligence can be enhanced with efforts, hard work, proper environment and motivation.

BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Ability: Ability refers to the capacity or capability of an individual to perform the various tasks in a job. Two types ability of an individual are;

o Intellectual ability o Physical ability

LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS

Personality: Personality generally refers to personal traits such as dominance, aggressiveness, persistence and other qualities reflected through a person’s behaviour.

Perception: It is a process by which information enters our minds and is interpreted in order to give some sensible meaning to the world around as.

LEARNED CHARACTERISTICSAttitude: Attitude is just like

perception but with a frame of reference. It is a tendency to act in a certain way, either favourably or unfavourably concerning objects, people or events.

Values: Values determine what is right and what is wrong, where right or wrong is interpreted in terms of perceived values of the decision maker.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSExternal factors are Economic Factors Socio- cultural Factors Political Factors Legal Environment

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSThe behaviour of an individual is

affected to a large extent by the economic environment. The economic factors are;

Employment Level Wage Rates General Economic Environment Technological Development

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Socio- cultural Factors :The

social environment of an includes his relationship with family members, friends, colleagues, supervisors and subordinates.

Political Factors: The political idea logy of a country affects the individual behaviour through the relative freedom available to its citizens.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Legal Environment: Rules and laws are formalized and written standards of behaviour. Both rules laws are strictly enforced by the legal system.

ORGANISATIONAL FACTORSPhysical Facilities: Some of the

factors are influence individual behavior are noise level, heat , light, nature of job etc.

Organization Structure And Design: The behaviour and performance of the individual is influenced by where that person fits into the organizational hierarchy.

ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS

Leadership: The system of leadership is established by the management to provide direction, assistance, advice and coaching to individuals.

Reward System: The behaviour and performance of the individuals is also influenced by the reward system established by the organization to compensate their employees.

CONCLUSION

Behaviour can be considered as an input-output system. This concept assumes that behaviour is not simply a random phenomenon but is goal directed so that a measurable correlation exists between the goals behaviour. Behaviour is related to performance and productivity. Performance is a reflection of three characteristics are; Individuals capacity to perform, his willingness to perform, and organizational support.

ANITHA M JOHNY

THANK YOU……..