information technology for managers - basics

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

TYPES OF NETWORKTYPES OF TOPOLOGY

NETWORK

• A collection of computers and other hardware.

• Interconnected by communication channels.

• Allow sharing of resources and information.

CLASSIFICATION

On the basis of:

1. Range2. Functional Relationship3. Network Topology4. Specialized function

RANGE

Example:

• Local Area Network• Wide Area Network• Metropolitan Area Network

FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP

Example:

• Client - Server

NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Example:

• Bus• Star• Ring• Tree• Mesh

SPECIALIZED FUNCTION

Example:

• Storage area network• Wireless community network

LOCAL AREA NETWORK

• Connects network devices over a relatively short distance.

• A networked office building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN.

• Sometimes one building will contain few small LANs (perhaps one per room).

• Occasionally a LAN will span a group of nearby buildings.

WIDE AREA NETWORK

• Spans a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN.

• A router connects LANs to a WAN. • Exist under collective or distributed ownership

and management.

METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK

• Spans a city or a large campus. • Interconnects a number of LANs using a high-

capacity backbone technology, such as fiber-optical links.

• Provides up-link services to WAN and the Internet.

CLIENT - SERVER

• Utilizes client and server devices each designed for specific purposes.

• Can be used on the Internet as well as LANs.• Examples of client-server systems on the Internet

include Web browsers and Web servers.

STORAGE AREA NETWORK

• Provides access to consolidated, block level data storage.

• Part of the overall network of computing resources for an enterprise.

WIRELESS COMMUNITY NETWORKS

• Uses wireless technologies in an innovative network design to provide low-cost broadband connectivity.

TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

• Topology refers to the layout of connected devices.

TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

• Bus• Ring• Star• Tree• Mesh

Bus Topology

• Each computer or server is connected to single cable.

• A signal from the source travels in both directions to all machines connected on the bus cable until it finds the intended recipient.

• If the machine address does not match the intended address for the data, the machine ignores the data.

Bus Topology

• Inexpensive to implement when compared to other topologies

• Single point of failure

STAR TOPOLOGY

• Every node (computer workstation or any other peripheral) is connected to central node called hub or switch.

• The switch is the server and the peripherals are the clients.

• Easiest topology to design and implement.• An advantage is the simplicity of adding

additional nodes. • The primary disadvantage ST is that the hub

represents a single point of failure.

RING TOPOLOGY

• Set up in a circular fashion in which data travels around the ring in one direction.

ADVANTAGES OF RING TOPOLOGY

• Organized. • Reduces chances of collision. • Additional components do not affect the performance

of network.• Each computer has equal access to resources.

DISADVANTAGES OF RING TOPOLOGY

• Each packet of data must pass through all the computers between source and destination. This makes it slower than Star Topology.

• If one workstation or port goes down, the entire network gets affected.

TREE TOPOLOGY

• A tree topology connects multiple star networks to other star networks.

ADVANTAGES OF TREE TOPOLOGY

Expansion of Network is possible and easy.

Error detection and correction is easy.

If one segment is damaged, other segments are not affected.

DISADVANTAGES OF TREE TOPOLOGY

As more and more nodes and segments are added, the maintenance becomes difficult.

Scalability of the network depends on the type of cable used.

MESH TOPOLOGY

• Each of the network node, computer and other devices, are interconnected with one another.

• Every node not only sends its own signals but also relays data from other nodes.

ADVANTAGES OF MESH TOPOLOGY

Data can be transmitted from different devices simultaneously.

Can withstand high traffic.

Even if one of the components fails there is always an alternative present. So data transfer doesn’t get affected.

Expansion and modification in topology can be done without disrupting other nodes.

DISADVANTAGES OF MESH TOPOLOGY

High chances of redundancy in many of the network connections.

Overall cost of this network is way too high.

Set-up and maintenance of this topology is very difficult.

Administration of the network is tough.

THANK YOU

ANU DAMODARAN AUD0260