integumentary system

Integumentary SystemShanna Visarraga and Lacey Branch

Structure of the Integumentary

Functions

Protect Prevent water loss Temperature regulation Metabolic regulation Immune defense Sensory receptor Excretion by means of secretion

Epidermis

Skin color Hemoglobin, melanin, carotene

Thick skin Palms of hands, soles of feet

Thin skin Most of the body

Fingerprints

Dermis

Papillary layer Dermal papillae Epidermal ridges

Reticular layer “Network”

Stretch marks, wrinkles, and lines of cleavage

Subcutaneous

Not considered part of the integumentary

Composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue

Accessory Organs: Nails

Nails

Nail Disorders

Onychomycosis Fungal infection Treatment: oral fungal

medication

Yellow Nail Syndrome Nail growth thickens and

stops Often a sign of

respiratory disease

Nail Disorders

Spoon nail Nails are concave

instead of convex Often a sign of iron

deficiency

Beau’s lines Run horizontally across

nail Can be sign of chronic

malnutrition

Accessory Organs: Hair

Hair Lanugo Vellus Terminal

hair

Functions of Hair

Protection Heat retention Facial

expression Sensory

reception Visual

identification Chemical

signal dispursal

Exocrine glands of the skin

Sweat glands Merocrine

▪ Thermoregulation, secretion, and protection

Apocrine▪ Secretes into hair follicles

Exocrine glands of the skin

Sebaceous Sebum▪ Oily, waxy secretion

Burns

First Degree Redness, pain,

slight edema Second Degree

Red, blistered, painful

Third Degree Skin loss and

grafting

Skin Cancer

Basal cell carcinoma Most common Least dangerous Usually on face Appearance is small,

shiny, and enlarges with pearly edge

Treatment: surgical removal

Skin Cancer

Squamous cell carcinoma Appears on scalp, ears,

lower lip, or back of hand

Red, scaly, and elevated edges

Surgical removal

Note: May metastasize to other parts of body

Skin Cancer

Malignant melanoma Most deadly Unusual changes in

mole Surgical removalA. AsymmetryB. BorderC. ColorD. Diameter

Acne

Comedo Open comedo is called a

“black head” Closed is called a “white

head”

Papule Dome-shaped Mixture of white blood

cells, dead cell, and bacteria

Acne

Nodule Similar to papule Extends into deeper

layers of skin Will cause scarring

Cyst Fluid filled Can become severely

inflamed and painful Will cause scarring

Integumentary system: the good, the bad, and the ugly