introduction to programming language & classification of software
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8/3/2019 Introduction to Programming Language & Classification of Software
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Introduction to
Programming Language &
Classification of Software
Submitted by:
Shikha GuptaBBM- III
Section B
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Computer software A computer system consists of two sub-systems:
• Computer hardware – physical units of a
computer system• Computer software – sets of programmed
instructions(programs)
It is the computer software which enables the
computer hardware to perform various activitiesand makes it a versatile machine.
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Classification
Computer software can be classified into twocategories:
• System software – consists of sets of programsto support the efficient use of hardwareresources that include primary and secondary
memory, display, and other peripherals.For example – operating systems, language
translators, and utility programs.
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• Application software – refers to programs or setsof programs that actually process data to
generate information under variousapplications.
For example – payroll processing system,
inventory control, information system, etc
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System software
• Operating systems – It manages and controls theactivities of the computer that include control of input/output devices, scheduling of operations,
and monitoring the activities.For example – MS-DOS, Unix, Windows, etc
• Utility programs – These are pre-writtenprograms that are stored to be shared by various
users for routine, repetitive tasks.For example – sorting records, copying files, etc
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Language translators – Computer programs that
are written in any of the computer languagesmust be converted into machine language. Thistask of conversion is performed by a systemsoftware known as language translator. They are
of two types:• Compiler
• Interpreter
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Programming languages
Programming languages are the basic building blocks for all types of software. It allow users totell(instruct/program) computers what to do.Types of languages are:
• Machine language
•
Assembly language• High level languages
• Fourth generation languages
• Object-oriented languages
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• Machine language: The internal representationof instructions and data in digital computers
• Assembly language: Instead of writing the binary digit language like acronyms and short words
are used• High-level languages: They require programmer
to describe the step by step procedure for solvinga particular problem
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• Fourth generation languages: it enable users tospecify the results they want, while the computerdetermines the sequence of steps, or procedures
• Object oriented languages: it combines data andprocedures into objects they select objects from
a library and copy into specific location in theprogram.
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