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Is Affordable Broadband in 5G a
Challenge or an Opportunity ?
F Mekuria, PhD., Chief Research Scientist
CSIR Meraka Institute
Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
IEEE 5G Summit
University of Pretoria
2017-05-03
Outline
Affordable Broadband Definition !
Proposed 5G standard : An Urban Standard ?
Lack of emerging market use case scenarios ?
Bridging the Urban & Rural Divide ?
Synergetic Opportunities for 5G & Affordable Broadband
5G Initiatives : Local & International
Contributions for WRC-19, Rel. 15 & 16 of 5G standards !
The 4th leg of 5G : Affordable Broadband.
IEEE ComSoc & CTN 5G Series of articles.
Can 5G support the struggle for Digital Inclusion in the
knowledge economy ?
Thank you
Defining Affordable Broadband : SA-Connect
2
5 Mbps , 90% of the Population by 2020.
100 Mbps, 50 % of the population, 2030.
Cost of Broadband per month should be
~ 2.5 % of average income !
International Definitions vary in Bandwidth & Cost of
Broadband:
(ITU,ATU, FCC, Ofcom,…..)
Thank you
Synergetic Opportunities for 5G &
Affordable Broadband
2
Broadband GDP : High demand for Affordable Broadband…. & Societal ICT based services.
Demand from Internet Service Industry to connect the next billion unconnected.
5G Research on Energy Efficiency & Green Networking Rural
5G Research on Spectrum Sharing & Spectrum Toolboxes Rural Internet
5G Research on SDN/NFV … Cost of infrastructure. 5G Enabled Digital Transformation
Unique Features : Low Power Networks & Spectrum Flexibility !
Enabling Regulatory Frameworks & Co-existence !
Addressing the 78+ % Unconnected
Urban
&
Rural
Divide !
How to get the
Terabytes/sec
submarine cable
bandwidth inland !
- GLSD enabled
… DSA networks!
Co-existence &
Affordability ?
Broadband ~ GDP
Thank you
ITU-R Definition of 5G Use cases : The 3 + 1 legs
2
Usage Scenario Applications Requirements
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
UHD Video, Virtual Reality, cloud gaming
1, 10, 50 Gb/s . (6-15 GHz band)
Ultra Reliable Communications
Industrial Automation, Self-driving cars
Low latency ~ 1.5 ms
Massive machine Type Communications
Smart-home, Sensor Nets
Energy efficiency, Low BW
Affordable Broadband
Ultra low cost rural connectivity
5-100 Mb/s Low Power/ Green Energy Networks
Spectrum Flexibility and Toolboxes: Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DSAN)
© CSIR 2017
Under-utilization of Allocated Radio Frequency Spectrum :
Need for Spectrum Sharing & Channel Aggregation !
Not Allocated
Thank you
Mobile Wireless Standards : Iceberg Ahead !
2
The mobile revolution, > 7 Billion Subs. Broadband as a basic necessity for all. • ~ 22 % Broadband Connectivity in Africa (ITU)!
1000x Increase in Traffic by ~2020 !
o Internet of things (IOT) & the 50 Billion Devices
for M2M connectivity
o Increased Bandwidth Requirement for Wireless Services (e-Health, e-Edu, e-Bank, e-Gov, ….
o Increased number of broadband Subscribers + Devices: Smart phones & Tablets
o Need for more
Spectrum a Network Capacity
9
Wireless Network Capacity : Shannon’s Formula
© CSIR 2015
Network Capacity Spectral
EfficiencyAmount of Spectrum
Number of Base
Stations= X X
Densification
Spectrum Sharing
A Model-Based Approach to Spectrum Sharing & Dynamic Spectrum Management
(Augmented with Spectrum Sensing !)
SSD
Thank you
Spectrum Databases : Turning Spectrum
Scarcity to Spectrum Abundance
• RF spectrum is a scarce national resource
Shannons Formula:
• Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) – Co-existence Toolbox (GL-DSA) and sharing
in: {F, S, T, Pt} dimensions
– Future Wireless: Cognitive Radio Technologies: Rogue Device Detection & SKA Application
TVWS
11
SKA Radio Quite Zone
𝐶 = 𝐵. log2 1 + 𝑆 𝑁
Affordable DSA based TVWS Broadband Network
Fixed Wireless TVWS Base
Station: Network trial in
Western Cape Results:
◦ Connected 10 schools some
already had ADSL connectivity
◦ Served over 16000 students
with 4Mbps (average) ~ 16 Mbps
peak
◦ Co-existent Operation for over 2
years without causing any
interference to TV broadcasting
TVWS network for M2M & IoT
TVWS Network :
Ghana, Accra – GTUC
Botswana, BITRI
TVWS BS &Antenna
GLSD
Fiber Connection
ICASA
DM WISPs
Industry
Rural Schools Health Clinics
Municipality
Africa-wide DSA TVWS Broadband Network
Internet
5 km
8.5 km
Achimota SH School
GTUCAbeka Campus
4 km
2 km
Accra SH School
5 km
Odorgonoi SH School
St. Mary’s SH School
Accra Girls SH School
9 km
BS - GTUC Main Campus
GTUC Tesano (main) Campus
CSIR CHPC
CSIR Geo-location
Spectrum Database
WP 3: Implementation of GTUC TVWS Test-Bed
Lead Partner: GTUC
WP 1: TVWS Capacity Building
Lead Partner: CSIR
WP 2: TVWS Test-bed Implementation Support
Lead Partner: CSIR Supporting Partner: GTUC
WP 4: Hosting of Ghana GSDB
Lead Partner: CSIR
International Networks UK OFCOM
Setting a Global Dynamic Spectrum Standard
Contributing to Development of the Tools, Standards & Policy
for Global Dynamic Spectrum Access & Sharing
in Future Wireless Networks
WSD, PMSE
Spectrum Toolboxes
Future Wireless Networks
4th Leg of the 5G Mobile Standard:
Affordable Networks Based on Spectrum Sharing
• Contributions to 5G Standardization for Rural 5G and connecting the Next Billion
with Affordable Broadband : IEEE Com Society, Dec. 2015,
• WSDBs beyond the TV Band and Co-existence with LTE/5G standards: 2 PhDs
• 5G & Disruptive Innovation : Dynamc Spectrum Access Networks
• Organized 5G & DSA Forum at IEEE Dyspan 2017 !
Health
IoT/M2M
IMT-2020
© CSIR 2017
GLSD
Smart Networks Provided by 5G for M2M & IoTs
7B
2016
Smart Phone Architectures & Service Proliferation
Voice
Control
© CSIR 2013
B
Modulate Encoder
Source
Demodulate Decode
Source
Software Defined Radio; Software Defined Network Control & management, Software Defined Radio & Spectrum Resource
allocator
Future Wireless Network Devices
A-GLSD PAWS++
RF Sense
© CSIR 2017
Sensor Transducer Signal Pre- Processing
A-GLSD
Cognitive
Engine+Sensing
SDR
Spectrum Sharing & DSA regulation Challenges
Driven by National Development Plans : BB GDP
A desire to harness and effectively utilize National Spectrum
Resources for Affordable broadband innovation.
Resource Constrained Telecom Regulatory Authorities.
Roadblocks by Short- term Thinking :
TV Broadcasters & Mobile Network Operators
White Space Spectrum Identification, Co-existence &
Regulatory Toolbox Maturity ! ~ CSIR GLSD ~ Ofcom /FCC
Co-existence manager : GLSDs
Supporting Development of Innovative DSA Regulations:
ICASA,….Ghana-NCA,..Botswana, Malawi, …..
5G International Standardization Efforts
METIS2020, H2020_5GPP,….. Europe
Global 5G Alliance, TIA,. US
Korean 5G Forum Initiatives. Korea
IMT2020 (5G) Promotion Group , China
IEEE 5G Initiative, Spectrum, Network &
Device R&D
ITU 5G Focus Group: IMT2020, ITU WRC 19.
5G Next Gen Mobile Network (NGMN) :
Operator lead Use cases, Spectrum, IPR,….
ICASA 5G Forum & 5G Research Alliance
Perform R&D in proposed 5G network &
spectrum standards: propose relevant Network
& Spectrum use cases for South Africa and
emerging economies.
Contribute and participate in 5G Standards
supported by R&D results, Addressing the
unique use cases of South Africa and
developing economies.
Support ICASA, African Regulators & Industry
in Affordable Broadband Innovation.
Conclusion
Spectrum Sharing & DSA regulation : Spectrum, Co-existence
& Regulatory Toolboxes for White Space Networks !
Defining a 4th leg for 5G : based on spectrum sharing and
affordable broadband ? The Emerging Economy Context !
Smart Spectrum Sharing & Green Network R&D to
contribute to ITU 5G Vision and standards (ITU IMT2020,
3/5GPP Release 15, WRC-19,…).
Smart DSA Networks and Regulation to enable IoT/M2M ?
ICASA 5G Forum and R&D Alliance to Contribute to the 5G
Standard and improve impact of 5G in Emerging Economies.
How can Emerging Economies Benefit from the 5G Digital
Transformational Impact : New Industry, Job creation,...
© CSIR 2017
Thank You ! fmekuria@csir.co.za
It is in our hands to make a difference ! ……………..N. Mandela.
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