it skills lecture

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IT skills:

PowerPoint & Excel

Dr Julie Gawrylowicz

Julie.Gawrylowicz@rhul.ac.uk

Lecture outline

PowerPoint Excel

�Text on slides

�Animations - Don’t overdo it

�Using the notes section

�Using video clips

�General good power point

presentations

�Presentation skills

�How to control your nerves

�Using the fill handle

�Useful formulas

� The Sum function

� The AutoSum function

� Calculating an Average

�Sorting data

�Creating graphs

� Inserting error bars

� APA style

� Labelling axes

� The scientific revolution (1473-1860)

The first thing to notice is that the scientific revolution and the emergence of Psychology as a science did not happen over night. This revolution occurred over a time period of over 200 years. Here are the main developments which led to the scientific revolution and the emergence of psychology:

� The realisation that the Earth did not form the centre of universe� Copernicus & Galilei – heliocentric model

� Many things on Earth can be understood as machines� Descartes – mechanistic view & dualism

� Many movements on Earth and in the universe can be described with a mathematical

equations� Newton – Law of physics

� Scientific method� Bacon – interaction theory and observations, falsifications & replications� Comte - Positivism

� The emergence of Psychology� Darwin� Kant� Establishment of Psychophysics� Development of statistics

What is science? Text on slides

� Choose a font style that your audience can

read from a distance

+ Helvetica

+ Arial

- Times

- Narrow Arial

� Choose a font colour

� Dark blue on light yellow preferred over black

and white

� Choose a font size that your audience can read

from a distance

� Big enough to be seen by the audience!

� Try to never go smaller than 18-point

� Labels and captions should never be smaller

than 14-point – but bigger is better

Text on slides

Toolkit Toolkit Toolkit

Animations - Don‘t overdo it!

‘Name given to a series of discoveries in the 17th

century, involving Galilei, Descartes and Newton,

that enhanced the status of science in society’

Three key developments1) The realisation that the Earth did not form the centre of

universe

2) Many things on Earth can be understood as machines

3) Many movements on Earth and in the universe can be

described with a few relatively simple mathematical

equations → Law of physics

The scientific revolution

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Using movies

� Update file paths to movies!

Useful tips when using movies

Ueful tips when using movies

Free Windows

Movie Maker

Using the notes section Printing the notes section

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� KISS → Keep it simple stupid!

� Rule of tell‘em

� Rehearse, but don‘t overdo it!

� Every slide deserves 10 sec, and no slide more than 2 min

� Timing is important!

� Tell me and I forget. Show me and I remember. Involve me, and I understand - Chinese proverb

General tips for good presentations

� Gestures = visual reinforcement of the words

� Open

� Spontaneous

� Broad and flowing

� Varied

� Body movements

� Don‘t hide behind the podium

� Get physically close to audience

Presentation skills

� Appearance & mimicry

� Dress to impress

� Smile!

Presentation skills

� Practice!

� Be aware of the difference between presenting

and reciting!

� Make notes, but don‘t use them

� “I carry fire insurance, but I don’t expect my

house to burn down” (Winston Churchill)

Controlling your nerves

� Stage fright is normal

� Stage fright = negative term for excitement

� Rechannel into enthusiams!

� Taking a deep breath

� Smile

� Eat bananas

Controlling your nerves

�Excel is great for...

� Lists:

� To-do lists

� Storing/Filtering/Summarising:

� Experimental data

� Visualising data

� Calculations

Excel

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Using the fill handle

1 2 3

Useful formulas

� Formulas beginn with (=)

� The Sum function

� The AutoSum function

� Calculating an Average

“Enter”

Type in

formula

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Calculating an average

1

2

3

4

Calculating a standard deviation Sorting data1

2

3

4

Many types of graphs!

� Bar graphs showing frequencies

� Bar graphs showing means

� Bar graphs with error bars

� Bar graphs without error bars

� Histogramms, Line Charts, Pie Charts

Line graph or bar graph?

� When intermediate values of the independent variable are possible...

� Use a line graphE.g. when your independent variable shows points in time

� When no possible intermediates between independent variables are possible...

� Use a bar graphE.g. when your independent variable is gender

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Error bars or no error bars?

� When you are showing means of your dependent variable in your graph...

� Add error barsE.g. when your dependent variable is average number of cigarettes smoked per week.

� When you are showing frequencies (number of people)...

� Do not add error barsE.g., number of males and females studying psychology.

� Why?

Start making a proper graph...

� Bar graph or line graph?

� Error bars?

What to select?How to turn it into a graph?

This is the graph you should get To add error bars...� Click once on the chart to select the whole thing

� (make sure you don't click on the inner part of the

chart because that will select just the axes and bars).

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To add error bars... Your graph now looks like this:

APA-style

� Greyscale – no colour!

� No gridlines

� Don’t forget to label your axes

� Don’t forget to give your graph a figure legend

(this you simply do in Word – not in Excel)

Greyscale & gridlines

� Click on graph to select it (whole graph).

� Removing gridlines:

� Simply click on the

gridlines to select them

and then click on delete

Labelling the axes�Click on graph to select it (whole graph).

Y-axis

X-axis

Tadaaaaa!!

Figure 1. Mean annual expenditure of men and women on beer, pizza, kebabs, and shoes.

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The good news...

�Creating other graphs works in a very similar

manner

� Try some different versions when you get home today!

Thank you for your attention!

Further questions?

Dr Julie Gawrylowicz

Julie.gawrylowicz@rhul.ac.uk