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FLUID MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Volume 59
Series Editor: R. MOREAU MADYIAM Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Hydraulique de Grenoble Bolte Postale 95 38402 Saint Martin d'Heres Cedex, France
Aims and Scope of the Series
The purpose of this series is to focus on subjects in which fluid mechanics plays a fundamental role.
As well as the more traditional applications of aeronautics, hydraulics, heat and mass transfer etc., books will be published dealing with topics which are currently in a state of rapid development, such as turbulence, suspensions and multiphase fluids, super and hypersonic flows and numerical modelling techniques.
It is a widely held view that it is the interdisciplinary subjects that will receive intense scientific attention, bringing them to the forefront of technological advancement. Fluids have the ability to transport matter and its properties as well as transmit force, therefore fluid mechanics is a subject that is particulary open to cross fertilisation with other sciences and disciplines of engineering. The subject of fluid mechanics will be highly relevant in domains such as chemical, metallurgical, biological and ecological engineering. This series is particularly open to such new multidisciplinary domains.
The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student. Some texts are monographs defining the current state of a field; others are accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity.
For a list of related mechanics titles, see final pages.
IUTAM Symposium on
Geometry and Statistics of Turbulence
Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held at the Shonan International Village Center, Hayama (Kanagawa-ken), Japan, November 1-5, 1999
Edited by
T. KAMBE
University of Tokyo, Japan
T. NAKANO
Chuo University, Japan
and
T. MIYAUCHI
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
.... '' SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-90-481-5614-6 ISBN 978-94-015-9638-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-9638-1
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2001 Springer Science+ Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2001
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
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Scientific Committee
T. Kambe (Chairman) V.I. Arnold, Russia R. Benzi, Italy P. Constantin, USA U. Frisch, Prance J. Jimenez, Spain H.K. Moffatt, UK T. Tatsumi, Japan
Advisory (Local) Committee
I. Imai, Tokyo H. Ohashi, Tokyo T. Tatsumi, Kyo to
Local Organizing Committee
T. Kambe, Tokyo (Chairman) Y. Fukumoto, Fukuoka F. Hamba, Tokyo Y. Kaneda, Nagoya T. Kawamura, Tokyo T. Miyauchi, Tokyo T. Nakano, Tokyo M. Umeki, Tokyo K. Yamamoto, Tokyo
T. Gotoh, Nagoya K. Ishii, Nagoya N. Kasasgi, Tokyo S. Kida, Toki T. Miyazaki, Tokyo K. Ohkitani, Kyoto M. Yamada, Tokyo A. Yoshizawa Tokyo
Sponsors of Symposium
This Symposium was held under the sponsorship of
International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM)
and the support of
Science Council of Japan.
The financial support has been made from the following foundations and corporations:
Inoue Foundation for Science The K ajima Foundation Hewlett-Packard Japan, Ltd. NEG Corporation
Special registration:
Zexel Corporation YKK Corporation Fuji Research Institute Corporation Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Daikin Industries, Ltd. Seika Corporation
Contents
Preface
A. General and Mathematical
Mathematical Physics of Thrbulence T. Tatsumi .......... .
The Topology of Scalar Fields in 2D and 3D Thrbulence H.K. Moffatt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bounds for Thrbulent Transport P. Constantin . . . . . . . .
Bulk Dissipation in Shear Layers with Suction C.R. Doering, R. A. Worthing and E. A. Spiegel
Trying a Metric on Atmospheric Flows R.A. Pasmanter and X.-L. Wang . . . . . . . . .
On the Analogy between 2D Vortices and Stellar Systems P. H. Chavanis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B. Coherent Structures, Intermittency, and Cascade
Self-Similarity and Coherence in the Thrbulent Cascade J. Jimenez ..................... .
Coherent Fine Scale Structure in Thrbulence T. Miyauchi and M. Tanahashi .....
Coherent Fine Scale Eddies in Thrbulent Shear Flows and it's Relation to Anisotropy
M. Tanahashi and T. Miyauchi ........... .
Shear Stress and Dissipation Intermittency in High-Reynolds-Number Thrbulence
XV
1
3
13
23
33
39
47
55
57
67
77
Y. Tsuji. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Characteristic Time Scales and Energy Transfer in MHD Thrbulence Y. Hattori and A. Ishizawa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
C. Probability Density Functions and Structure Functions 95
Statistics of Transverse Velocity Differences in Thrbulence V. Yakhot ...................... . 97
xii
On a Complete Statistical Characterization of Thrbulence R. Friedrich, St. Lueck, J. Peinke and Ch. Renner . . . . . . . . 107
Statistical Laws Governed by Vortex Structures in Fully Developed Thrbulence
T. Kambe .................. . . ... 117
Probability Density Function of Longitudinal Velocity Increment T. Nakano, D. Fukayama, T. Gotoh and K. Yamamoto 127
Statistics of Small-Scale Structure of Homogeneous Isotropic Thrbulence T. Ishihara, Y. Yamazaki andY. Kaneda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
On Universality of Statistics of Pressure Field in Homogeneous Thrbulence
T. Gotoh and K. N agaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
A Statistical Law of Velocity Circulations in Fully Developed Thrbulence K. Yoshida and N. Hatakeyama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
D. Passive Scalar Advections 151
Lagrangian Method for Multiple Correlations in Passive Scalar Advection U. Frisch, A. Mazzino, A Noullez and M. Vergassola . . . . . . . . 153
Anomalous Scaling in Passive Scalar Advection and Lagrangian Shape Dynamics
I. Arad and I. Procaccia . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Correlation between Energy and Temperature Dissipation Rates in Thrbulent Flows
. ... 175
R.A. Antonia, T. Zhou and G. Xu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Simulation of Scalar Fluctuation Field by a Non-Buoyant Plume in Grid-Generated Thrbulence by Random Fourier Modes Method
Y. Sakai, T. Suzuki and I. Nakamura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
E. Vortices, Vorticity, and Strain Dynamics 197
Spatiotemporal Structure of Thbular Vortices in Thrbulence S. Kida, H. Miura and T. Adachi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Geometric Aspects of the Interaction of Vorticity and Strain in Homogeneous Sheared Thrbulence
K. K. Nomura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 205
Motion of a Curved Vortex Filament: Higher-Order Asymptotics Y. Fukumoto .............................. 211
Statistics of Thrbulence around a Columnar Vortex T. Miyazaki, H. Ishii and J.C.R. Hunt . . . . . . . . . . . 217
xiii
Study of the Geometry fo Flow Patterns in a Compressible Wake H. Maekawa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 223
Interaction of a Vortex Ring Linked with a Vortex Filament K. Suzuki, M. Abe, M. Hirano and 0. Sana . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Mechanism of Flame Propagation along a Vortex Tube T. Hasegawa, S. Nishiki and S. Michikami . . . . . . . . . 235
F. Large Scale Motions, LES, and Closure 241
Mapping Closure for Non-Gaussian Velocity Fields M. Takaoka .................. . . 243
Coherent Structure and Subgrid-Scale Energy Transfer in Turbulence K. Horiuti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
A Dynamical Model for Turbulence J-P. Laval, B. Dubrulle and S. Nazarenko . . ..... 255
Two- and Three-dimensional Behavior of the Large Scales in Rotating Turbulence
R. Rubinstein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
G. Thermal Turbulence, Stratified and Rotating Turbulence 267
Comments on High Rayleigh Number Convection J.J. Niemela, L. Skrbek, K.R. Sreenivasan and R.J. Donnelly . . . 269
The Dynamics of Structures ofT-Vorticity in 2d Free Convection Turbulence
S. Toh and T. Matsumoto ................... .
Structure of Homogeneous Rotating Turbulence under Stable Density Stratification
S. Tsujimura, 0. !ida andY. Nagano
Linear Processes in Unsteady Stratified Sheared Turbulence
. 279
. 285
H. Hanazaki and J.C.R. Hunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
H. Transition Mechanisms 297
Direct Numerical Simulation of Transition in Plane Poiseuille Flow K. Yamamoto, N. Takahashi and T. Kambe . . . . . . . . . . . 299
On the Regeneration Mechanism of Turbulence in the Channel Flow S. Toh and T. Itano .......................... 305
xiv
I. Modulation of Turbulence 311
Turbulence in Polymer Solutions M. Chertkov . . . . . . . . . . ......... 313
Turbulence Modulation due to Solid Particles Moving with Vortex Shedding
T. Kajishima, S. Takiguchi andY. Miyake 319
Spectral Features of Axial Velocity and Concentration in a High Schmidt Number Turbulent Jet
Y. Sakai, Y. Okada, I. Nakamura and N. Kobayashi . . . . . . . . 325
J. Pipe-Flow and Channel-Flow Turbulence
Structures and Intermittency in Rotating Pipes P. Orlandi, R.A. Antonia and Q. Zhao . . .
Statistics of Open-Channel Turbulence by Using Simultaneous Measurements of All Three Components of Turbulent Fluctuations with Two-Sets LDAs
I. Nezu and K. Onitsuka
Generation Mechanism of Turbulence-Driven Secondary Currents in Open-Channel Flows
K. Onitsuka and I. Nezu ................... .
Turbulence Measurements and Conditional Sampling Analysis on Coherent Vortices in Unsteady Open-Channel Flows over Dune Bed
331
. 333
. 339
. 345
A. Kadota, I. Nezu and K. Suzuki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Dye Visualization and P.I.V. in the Cross-Stream Plane of a Turbulent Channel Flow
J.C. Wells, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Yamane, S. Egashira and H. Nakagawa 357
K. Boundary Layers and Near-Wall Turbulence 365
Vorticity Structures and Intermittency in Near Wall Turbulence R. Piva, C.M. Casciola, G. Amati and P. Gualtieri . . . . . 367
The Use of PIV in Turbulent Boundary Layer Flows K. Angele and B. Muhammad-Klingmann
Boundary Layer Intermittency Model P. Gualtieri and G. Pulci Doria
Universal Property of Autonomous Layer in Near-Wall Turbulence
373
379
K. Tsujimoto and Y. Miyake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
List of Participants 391
PREFACE
This volume contains the papers presented at the IUTAM Symposium on Geometry and Statistics of Turbulence, held in November 1999, at the Shonan International Village Center, Hayama (Kanagawa-ken), Japan.
The Symposium was proposed in 1996, aiming at organizing concentrated discussions on current understanding of fluid turbulence with emphasis on the statistics and the underlying geometric structures. The decision of the General Assembly of International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) to accept the proposal was greeted with enthusiasm. Turbulence is often characterized as having the properties of mixing, intermittency, non-Gaussian statistics, and so on. Interest is growing recently in how these properties are related to formation and evolution of structures. Note that the intermittency is meant for passive scalars as well as for turbulence velocity or rate of dissipation.
There were eighty-eight participants in the Symposium. They came from thirteen countries, and fifty-seven papers were presented. The presentations comprised a wide variety of fundamental subjects of mathematics, statistical analyses, physical models as well as engineering applications. Among the subjects discussed are (a) Degree of self-similarity in cascade, (b) Fine-scale structures and degree of Markovian property in turbulence, (c) Dynamics of vorticity and rates of strain, (d) Statistics associated with vortex structures, (e) Topology, structures and statistics of passive scalar advection, (f) Partial differential equations governing PDFs of velocity increments, (g) Thermal turbulences, (h) Channel and pipe flow turbulences, and others.
We would like to thank all the contributors for making this Proceedings a landmark of turbulence research open to the coming next century. The papers collected in this volume were reviewed by all members of the Local Organizing Committee.
The assistance by the members of the Scientific committee is gratefully acknowledged. Sincere thanks are also extended to the Advisory committee and also to all the members of Local organizing committee for their efforts making the Symposium very successful. We are particularly grateful to Prof. F. Hamba as a Treasurer for this Symposium.
XV
xvi
Financial support to the Symposium was provided by the IUTAM. In addition, generous supports are gratefully acknowledged for the two foundations: Inoue Foundation for Science and The Kajima Foundation and for the eight corporations: Hewlett-Packard Japan, NEG Corporation, Zexel Corporation, YKK Corporation, Fuji Research Institute Corporation, Sanyo Electric Corporation, Daikin Industries, and Seika Corporation.
Finally the cooperation of the Kluwer academic publishers for publication of the present Proceedings is very much appreciated as well as the financial assistance.
July 2000 Editors Tsutomu Kambe
Tohru Nakano Toshio Miyauchi
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