japan and china
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Japan and China
Ming China (1368-1800)
• Mongol emperors are ousted by a peasant revolt led by Taizu
• Renaissance of Chinese culture and politics
• Expansion of China
Chinese Culture• Porcelain:
http://www.googleartproject.com/galleries/27755421/27849024/
• Art• Silk
Chinese Culture - Confucianism• Who is Confucius?• Philosopher from
the 5th century CE• Followers wrote the
Analects – a book of his sayings
Chinese Culture - Confucianism• “The man who moves a
mountain begins by carrying away small stones.”
• “Never give a sword to a man who can't dance.”
• “To be wealthy and honored in an unjust society is a disgrace.”
Chinese Culture - Confucianism• The Five Relationships
and filial piety• Ruler-subject• Father-Son• Brother-brother• Husband-wife• Friend-friend
Chinese Politics• Civil Service Exam
– An exam to determine who participates in government
– Instead of a patronage system
• Mandate of heaven – The emperor has a
mandate from heaven to be the ruler of china
Zheng He• Chinese explorer
from 14th century• Explored Around
the Indian ocean until…
• The Chinese government decided that they did not want any exploration happening
Zheng He
Europeans in China• Jesuit Missionaries –
before missionaries, there was little contact between China and Europe. The Jesuit order used Confucianist ideas to convert the chinese people to Catholicism.
Chinese Rites Controversy• The Catholic Pope
did not like what the Jesuits were doing, so he used a Papal Bull to demand the jesuits use more traditional methods of conversion.
Chinese Rites Controversy• The Kangxi emperor
of china responded to the papal bull by demanding that ALL Christian missionaries leave china.
TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE
Japanese Shogunates• Daimyo, heads of
noble families, ruled Japan.
• Around the end of the fifteenth century, the daimyo were warring with each other. There was chaos in japan.
Unification of Japan
• Three powerful leaders struggled to unify japan: Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu.
• Oda and Toyotomi were military leaders, not daimyo
Tokugawa Japan
• Tokugawa Ieyasu was the daimyo of Edo.
• He took the title of Shogun in 1603 and completed the unification of japan.
• The Tokugawa family held authority of Japan until 1868.– This period is know as the
Great Peace
Tokugawa Japan
• During this period there was a flourishing of Japanese culture.
• Including Japanese Poetry• One of the Greatest
Japanese poets was Fukuda Chiyo-ni.
Haikus • Airing out kimonos
as well as her heartis never enough.
• Again the womencome to the fieldswith unkempt hair.
• Just for todayusing men for rice-planting.
Europeans in japan• The Portuguese were the first
europeans to arrive in Japan. • They held up a steady trade with
japan until the introduction of Jesuit missionaries
• An edict in 1587 expelled all christians from japan
• The only europeans allowed to trade with the japanese were the dutch until the late Nineteenth century– The dutch were allowed to trade once a
year and they could only stay for 2-3 months.
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