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Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context
Berlin, 08.11.2012
Matthias KuderCenter for International CooperationFreie Universität Berlin
„Dual-Degree Programs Are Gathering Steam” New York Times, March 2011
„Collaborative International Degrees Are on the Rise” Chronicle of Higher Education, Sept 2011
„A future trend will be towards the establishment of institutional
partnerships and joint-degree programs that will attract students
and researchers alike to the combined strengths of multiple
universities working in partnership.“
The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education: „Borderless 2011: Perspectives on the Future”
Definition?
„A review of the literature, university web pages, survey reports and
research articles shows a plethora of terms used to describe international
collaborative programs, such as double and joint degrees. These
terms include: double, multiple, tri-national, joint, integrated,
collaborative, international, consecutive, concurrent, co-tutelle,
overlapping, conjoint, parallel, simultaneous, and common
degrees. They mean different things to different people within and across
countries, thereby, causing mass confusion about the real meaning and use
of these terms….”
Knight, Jane (2011). “Doubts and Dilemmas with Double Degree Programs”. In: “Globalisation and Internationalisation of Higher Education” [online monograph]. Revista de Universidad y
Sociedad del Conocimiento (RUSC). Vol. 8, No 2, pp. 297-312. UOC.
Keine globale akkurate Übersicht/Zählung
• IIE-FU Berlin Umfrage (2011): > 1300
• Deutschland: > 500 (Deutsches Institut für InternationalePädagogische Forschung, 2010)
• European Higher Education Area: > 2500 laut Bologna Stocktaking
Working Group (2009)
• International Association of Universities 3rd Global Survey Report (2010): Joint/Double Degree Programs im Ranking der Internationalisierungsprioritäten von Hochschulen auf Platz 5, im Jahr 2005 noch Platz 8
• DAAD Double Degree Förderung: 189 Anträge in 2012 (Rekord)
Wie viele gibt es denn?
# Partner Country
1 France
2 China
3 Germany
4 Spain
5 United States
6 Italy
7 Netherlands
8 UK
9 Poland
10 Sweden
Level Percentage
undergraduate 28%
graduate (Master) 53%
Doctoral (PhD) 14%
Type Percentage
Joint degree programs 33%
Double degree programs 84%
Am häufigsten genannte Abschluss Arten und „Partnerländer“
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
Trends
8.6%
47.3%
13.1%
7.8%
39.2%
6.5%
6.9%
16.3%
9.4%
25.3%
19.6%
26.5%
6.9%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Agriculture
Business and Management
Communications
Education
Engineering
Fine and Applied Arts
Health Professions
Humanities
Law
Mathematics & Computer Sciences
Physical & Life Sciences
Social Sciences
Other
Von den Umfrageteilnehmern am häufigsten genannte Studienfächer(Mehrfachnennungen möglich)
Studienfächer
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
Durchschnittliche Anzahl von Studierenden pro Joint/Double Degree Programm
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
< 5 6-15 16-25 26-35 36-45 > 45
Joint Degrees
Double Degrees
Kleine Eliteprogramme?
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
% ofrespondingsurveyparticipants
Average number of students per program
Motivation
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
AU FR GER IT UK US
Broadening educational offerings
Strengthening research collaboration
Advancing internationalization
Raising international visibility/prestige
Increasing foreign students enrollment
Responding to increased competition
Increasing revenue
Offering courses from partner university
TOP 3 Gründe für den Aufbau gemeinsamer Studiengänge
Responding to particular market demand
Responding to student demand
• 16% Top-down: „programs mainly initiated by institutions‘ leadership“
• 41% Buttom-up: „programs are mainly inititated by professors“
• 43% „All levels are actively involved“
61.6%
43.7%
23.7%
53.9%
5.7%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Existing exchange partner
Strategic decision to pick new partner
Reactive - approached by institution from abroad
Known contacts among faculty/existing faculty
partnerships
Other
Wie wählen Universitäten ihre JD / DD Partnerinstitutionen aus?
Initiierung und Partnerwahl
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
Herausforderungen: Nachhaltigkeit
Rank Challenge
1 Ensuring sustainability
2 Securing adequate funding
3 Curriculum design
4 Legal issues
5 Recruiting students
6 Securing support from gov.
7 Accreditation
8 Academic calendar difference
9 Institutional support
10 Credit transfer
29% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an, ein JD oder DD Programm bereits eingestellt oder abgebrochen zu haben.
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
„Generally, sustainability is a
priority item in JPs which is
obviously disastrously
underestimated or even ignored.“
JOIMAN Network: Good Practice Report for the Management and Administration of Joint Programmes, 2010 www.joiman.eu
91% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an:
„Joint or double degree programs are part of their institution‘sinternationalization efforts & strategy.“
…allerdings
• nur 55% haben klare institutionelle “policy & guidelines” für Entwicklung solcher Programme etabliert
• 59% haben zusätzliche Strukturen für Koordination/Entwicklung solcher Programme / Initiativen geschaffen
Herausforderungen: fehlende Strategie
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
55% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an, keine besonderen (Werbe)Maßnahmen für die Rekrutierung von Studierenden für JD/DD Programme entwickelt zu haben.
25%
16%
32%
27%
Focus mainly on
local students
Focus mainly on
students in my
country
Focus mainly on
international
students
All of the above
Rekrutierung von Studierenden
Example: U.S. Recruitment Tactics
63 % of U.S. respondents said their institution has not developed any specific measures to recruit students for joint or double degree programs. However, 65 % of U.S. respondents reported that they were focusing recruitment tactics on international students.
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
Herausforderungen: fehlende Strategie
Herausforderungen: Akkreditierung
„Joint programmes could be subject to accreditation procedures by differentaccreditation organisations in each of the states where the joint programmeis offered. These distinct accreditation jurisdictions imply the potentialinvolvement of several accreditation organisations and therefore theexecution of different accreditation procedures.“
European Consortium for Accreditation: „Principles for Accreditation Procedures Regarding Joint Programmes“, 2007
ENQUA Survey 2012:
• Nur 19% befragten Agenturen „effective & successul in carrying out procedures“ für QA in transnationalen Programmen
• 2 von 28 Agenturen „reported relevant prac. on validation or assessment ofcollaborative and/or transnational degree programs“
European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Quality Procedures in the European Higher Education Area and Beyond – Visions for the Future, Third ENQUA Survey, 2012
95% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an, weitere joint und double degreeProgramme zu planen
• Academic fields: Business & Management, Engineering, Social Sciences
• Academic level: Master‘s (76,7%), BA (44,5%), PhD (39,2%)
5%
40%
51%
5%Only joint degree
programs
Only double degree
programs
Both
No
Zukunftspläne: Joint vs Double
Ein Blick in die Zukunft
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
ChinaChile
Mexico
Japan
Italy
Russia
Australia
Brazil
FranceUnited Kingdom
India
Turkey
Canada
Spain
SIngapore
United States
Germany
South Korea
Argentina
Netherlands
Source: Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context, IIE & FUB, September 2011
Von Umfrageteilnehmern die am häufigsten genannten Partnerländer, mit denen künftig joint und double degree Programme entwickelt werden bzw. geplant sind.
Ein Blick in die Zukunft
Survey Report ist erhältlich unter:
Vielen Dank!
matthias.kuder@fu-berlin.de
www.iie.org/joint-double-degree-report
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